Economics of Fertility Management of Small Holding Dairy Farms in Bangladesh
محورهای موضوعی : CamelM.Z. Ali 1 , S. Sultana 2 , M.T. Rahman 3 , M.S. Islam 4
1 - Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Basherhat, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
2 - Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Basherhat, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
3 - Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Basherhat, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
4 - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Basherhat, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
کلید واژه: Management, dairy farm, small holder,
چکیده مقاله :
Considering different fertility traits 411 cows from 73 farms used for economic analyses. From these, 202 lactating cows were selected for evaluating the fertility status. Pre-tested data sheets were used to record the socioeconomic status of the farms including their assets, cost and return and productive and reproductive performance of the dairy cows. Targets were set considering the situations prevailing in Zebu and their crosses rearing countries. The best 20% of local farms were chosen during setting the targets. Delay at first calving caused a significant loss (P<0.01) of Tk. 11051 (135.04 USD)/farm/year. The farms would have had the opportunity to earn in average Tk. 22236 (171.73 USD) more/year if they could attain the targeted milk production. The opportunity from milk production had a significant effect on total farm earning. The milk production cost was Tk. 11.70 (0.14 USD)/litre .The average lactation length was 246.1 days in contrast to the target of 304 days. The farms were suffering from a significant (P<0.05) loss of Tk. 5651 (69.05 USD)/year due to shorter lactation length. The calf mortality was 30.33% resulting in a loss of Tk. 304 (3.71 USD)/farm/year. In 46 artificial inseminations (AI) the first service conception rate was 51%. The overall conception rate and services per conception was 50% and 2.0, respectively. The days open was found to be of 164.03 days. The main problems of the small holding dairy farms were delayed age at first calving, low milk production, high production cost, low milk to concentrate feed ratio and poor reproductive performance. Farmer’s income would have increased by about Tk. 39493 (482.62 USD)/far year, if the control measures of different reproductive and productive indices could be substantially improved through veterinary herd health control programme.
Alam M.G.S. and Gosh A. (1994). Plasma and milk progesterone concentrations in early pregnancy diagnosis in Zebu cows. Asian-australas J. Anim. Sci. 7,131-136.
Alam M.G.S. and Gosh A., Mondal A.K. and Akbar M.A. (2001). Supplementation and puberty and puberty of Zebu calves of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Vet. 18, 1-8.
Ashraf A., Islam S.S., Islam A.B.M.M. and Ali S.Z. (2000). A study of some economic traits of indigenous cattle and other crossbreds in southern Bangladesh. Asian-australas J. Anim. Sci. 13, 1189-1192.
Hasan T. (1995). An economic analysis of mini dairy farming in the selected urban areas of Bangladesh. MS Thesis. Bangladesh Agric. Univ., Mymensingh.
Kirk H.J. (1986). Reproductive health programme for dairy cattle. Pp. 418-422 in Current Therapy in Theriogenology. A. David and W.B. Morrow Eds. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
Menendez B.A. and Dempfle L. (1998). Genetics and environmental factors affecting some reproductive traits of Holstein cows in Cuba. Anim. Breed. Abs. 66, 390-396.
Murphy M.G., Enright W.J., Crowe M.A., Mc Connell K., Spicer L.J., Boland M.P. and Roche J.F. (1991). Effect of dietary intake pattern of growth of dominant follicles during the oestrous cycle in beef heifer. J. Reprod. Fertil. 92, 333-338.
Nolan R., Callaghan O., Duby D., Lonergan R.T.P. and Boland M.P. (1998). The effect of short term nutrient changes on follicle growth and embryo production following superovulation in beef heifer. Theriogenology. 50,1263-1274.
Pandey R.S. (1989). Some non genetic factor influencing conception rate in cross bred dairy cattle. J. Res. Birsa Agric. Uni. 1,107-110.
Rahman M.S., Ahmed M. and Ahmed A.R. (1987). A comparative study on some productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows at savar dairy and cattle improvement farm. Bangladesh Vet. J. 21, 55-61.
Rawson L.C. (1986). Reproductive management of small dairy farms. Pp. 392-395 in Current Therapy in Theriogenology. A. David and W.B. Morrow Eds. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
Sawadogo G.J., Belemsaga D.M.A., Yameogo N., Manirarora J.N. and Tokour M. (1998). Improvement of Zebu cattle productivity in the Sahel region: feed supplementation on small holder farmers in peri-urban Dakar.Int. Atom. Energ. Agen. 10, 126-138.
Sayeed M.A., Rahman S.M., Alam J. and Begum J. (1994). Economics of milk production in Dhaka district a case for Savar Thana, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka. Asian-australas J. Anim. Sci. 7, 49-55.
Shamsuddin M. (1995). Fertility trend and status of estrus detection in the bovine under farm conditions in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Vet. J. 29, 9-16.
Shamsuddin M., Bhuiyan M.M.U., Sikder T.K., Sugulle A.H., Chanda P.K., Alam M.G.S. and Galloway D. (2001). Constraints limiting the efficiency of artificial insemination of cattle in Bangladesh. Int. Atom. Energ. Agen. 27, 1220-1229.
Singh N.P., Deb S.M. and Mehrotra S. (1997). Performance of Holstein cattle in temperate hills of India. Indian J. Dairy Science. 20, 15-21.
