Modelling Anaerobic Digestion of Cow Manure to Predict Methane Flow Rate
محورهای موضوعی : Camelم. کمالی نسب 1 , ع. وکیلی 2 , م. دانش مسگران 3 , ر. ولی زاده 4 , س.ر. نبوی 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Excellence Center for Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Excellence Center for Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Excellence Center for Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Excellence Center for Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science, Excellence Center for Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
کلید واژه: mathematical model, anaerobic digestion, biogas, livestock waste,
چکیده مقاله :
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of biowastes is one of the most common ways to produce methane-rich biogas, which has considerable potential to replace the fossil fuel used in multiple applications, such as vehicular transportation, internal combustion engines, cogeneration of heat and power systems and many other systems. Many companies are involved in the design and construction of anaerobic digestion systems. Empirical methods have been used to improve AD facilities, but these have needed time-consuming studies and construction of expensive prototype systems. On the other hand, design and optimization of AD processes for biogas production can be enhanced via validated mathematical models. In this paper a dynamic mathematical model has been developed to a pilot anaerobic reactor fed dairy cow / cattle manure. The model is based upon material balances and comprises four state variables, namely biodegradable volatile solids, acid generating microbes (acidogens), methane generating microbes (methanogens) and volatile fatty acids. The model predicts the methane gas flow produced in the reactor. At the end, a sensitivity analysis is done to show how the gas flow rate, maximum reaction rate of acidogens, maximum reaction rate of methanogens, reaction rate of acidogens and reaction rate of methanogens and solid retention time, would change due to changes of some key parameters such as: reactor temperature and also reactor volume.
هاضم بیهوازی ضایعات زیستی یکی از رایجترین راهها برای تولید بایوگاز غنی از متان میباشد، که پتانسیل قابلتوجهی برای جایگزین شدن با سوختهای فسیلی دارد که در کاربردهای متعددی از قبیل حمل و نقل، موتورهای احتراق داخلی، سیستمهای تولید همزمان برق و حرارت و بسیاری از سیستمهای دیگر، استفاده میشوند. شرکتهای بسیاری در طراحی و ساخت سیستمهای بیهوازی به فعالیت پرداختهاند. روشهای تجربی برای بهبود امکانات هاضم بیهوازی استفاده شده است، اما این امر نیازمند مطالعات زمانبر و ساخت سیستمهای نمونه گران قیمت میباشد. از طرف دیگر، طراحی و بهینهسازی فرآیندهای هضم بیهوازی برای تولید بایوگاز میتواند از طریق مدلهای ریاضی اعتبار سنجی شده توسعه یابد. در این مقاله یک مدل ریاضی پویا برای یک راکتور بیهوازی که با کود گاو شیری تغذیه میشود توسعه داده شده است. مدل بر مبنای توازن مواد بوده، و شامل چهار متغیر حالت به نامهای جامدات فرار زیست تخریب پذیر، میکروبهای تولیدکننده اسید، میکروبهای تولیدکننده متان و اسیدهای چرب فرار میباشند. مدل مقدار گاز متان تولید شده در راکتور را پیشبینی میکند. در پایان این مطالعه یک تحلیل حساسیت انجام شده است تا نشان دهد که چگونه مقدار گاز تولید شده، حداکثر سرعت واکنش میکروبهای تولیدکننده اسید، حداکثر سرعت واکنش میکروبهای تولیدکننده متان، سرعت واکنش میکروبهای تولیدکننده اسید و سرعت واکنش میکروبهای تولیدکننده متان و همچنین زمان ماند مواد جامد، در اثر تغییر برخی از پارامترهای کلیدی مانند دما و حجم راکتور تغییر خواهند کرد.
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