Walnut Meal as an Excellent Source of Energy and Protein for Growing Japanese Quails
محورهای موضوعی : Camelم.ع. ارجمندی 1 , م. سالارمعینی 2
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
کلید واژه: meat quality, growth performance, Japanese quail, walnut meal,
چکیده مقاله :
The present study was designed to study the chemical composition, apparent and true metabolizable energy values of the walnut meal and to evaluate the effects of different levels of walnut meal (0, 10, 20 and 30%) on Japanese quail's growth performance, blood metabolites, relative weight of different organs, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in breast meat and egg yolks' cholesterol. This study was conducted as a completely randomize design with 288 unsexed Japanese quails randomly dividing into 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 18 birds each. As a result of this study, no significant differences were found for feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P>0.05), except the birds fed 30% walnut meal showed lower weight gain compared to the control at 7-21 days of age (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum glucose, uric acid, serum aspartate aminotranspherase (AST) and alanine aminotranspherase (ALT) activities between different dietary treatments. The serum low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol and triglyceride tended to decrease linearly (P<0.01) as the walnut meal levels were increased. The serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) level in quails fed 10% walnut meal were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). Consumption of different levels of walnut meal significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in breast meat of chicks aged 42 d (P<0.01). Different dietary treatments had no effect on the relative weight of different organs and carcass traits. In general, walnut meal is a good source of energy (apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) 3689 kcal/kg), oil (23%) and crude protein (40%) and could be used up to 20% for young chicks and 30% for older chicks, without any adverse effect on growth performance.
این آزمایش به منظور تعیین ترکیب شیمیایی و انرژی قابل سوختوساز ظاهری و حقیقی کنجاله گردو و بررسی اثر استفاده از سطوح مختلف آن (0، 10، 20 و 30 درصد جیره) بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجههای خونی، وزن نسبی اندامهای داخلی، میزان مالوندی آلدهاید در ماهیچه سینه و محتوای کلسترول تخم بلدرچین ژاپنی انجام گردید. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با استفاده از 288 قطعه بلدرچین ژاپنی یکروزه انجام شد که به طور تصادفی در بین 4 تیمار تقسیم شدند. به هر تیمار 4 تکرار با 18 پرنده اختصاص داده شد. در این آزمایش اختلاف معنیداری در ارتباط با مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل مشاهده نشد (05/0P>). اما پرندگانی که از جیره حاوی 30 درصد کنجاله گردو تغذیه کرده بودند در بازه زمانی 7-21 روزگی از وزن کمتری نسبت به گروه شاهد برخوردار بودند (05/0P<). اختلاف معنیداری در میزان گلوکز، اسید اوریک، آسپارتاتآمینوترانسفراز و آلانینآمینوترانسفراز سرم مشاهده نگردید. مقدار لیپوپروتئینهای با دانسیته پایین و تریگلیسرید سرم با افزایش سطح کنجاله گردو به طور خطی کاهش نشان داد (01/0P<). مقدار لیپوپروتئینهای با دانسیته بالای سرم در پرندگانی که از جیره حاوی 10 درصد کنجاله تغذیه کرده بودند از گروه شاهد کمتر بود (05/0P<). مصرف سطوح مختلف کنجاله گردو به طور معنیداری سطح مالوندیآلدهاید ماهیچه سینه را در سن 42 روزگی کاهش داد (01/0P<). مصرف سطوح مختلف این کنجاله تأثیر قابل توجهی بر وزن نسبی اندامهای داخلی و خصوصیات لاشه نداشت. به طور کلی، کنجاله گردو منبع خوبی از انرژی (kcal/kg 3689AMEn=)، روغن (23 درصد) و پروتئین خام (40 درصد) بوده و تا سطح 20 درصد برای پرندگان جوان و تا سطح 30 درصد برای پرندگان مسنتر قابل استفاده میباشد.
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