ارائه مدلی به منظور تعیین نقطه تعادل استراتژیهای قیمت گذاری و قیمت پذیری در بازار انحصار چند جانبه با رویکرد نظریه بازیها
ارائه مدلی به منظور تعیین نقطه تعادل استراتژیهای قیمت گذاری و قیمت پذیری در بازار انحصار چند جانبه با رویکرد نظریه بازیها
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت مالی
رضا بصیری 1 , منصور عابدیان 2 , سعید آقاسی 3 , زهرا دشت لعلی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران. (نویسنده مسؤول)
3 - استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران.
کلید واژه: قیمت پذیری , تعادل کورنو, قیمت گذاری , الیگوپولی.,
چکیده مقاله :
انحصارطلبی چندجانبه یکی از ساختار های رایج کسب وکار بازار است و در واقع حالت میانی بین رقابت محض و انحصار محض است. بررسی و مطالعه رفتارهای استراتژیک در بازارهای انحصاری در اقتصاد مدرن توجه بسیاری از پژوهشگران را جلب نموده است. هدف از این پژوهش استفاده از مدل نظریه بازی ها برای تحلیل و بررسی استراتژیهای قیمت پذیری و قیمت‌گذاری در بازارهای انحصاری چند جانبه استفاده خواهد کرد. به طوری که در آن شرکت‌ها قادر به انتخاب رفتار قیمت پذیری از طریق آزمون و خطا و پیروی از الگوی سوددهی قبلی خود و یا استراتژی قیمت گذاری از طریق تحلیل ساختار، عناصر بازار و رفتار رقبای تجاری خود هستند. در پژوهش حاضر از نظریه بازی ها و ترکیبی از ابزارهای تحلیلی با مفاهیم تعادل آینده نگر و نرم افزار مطلب جهت حل و تحلیل معادلات نظریه بازی ها برای بررسی رفتار شرکت ها در بازار انحصار چند جانبه استفاده شده است. پژوهش اخیر متعلق به ادبیات اقتصادی در حال گسترش است که با انحصارات رفتاری سروکار دارد و به جای در نظر گرفتن یک نقطه تعادل در فضای استراتژی به عنوان یک نتیجه معین از تعامل شرکت ها، جنبه های یادگیری و رفتار تطبیقی و پویایی شرکت ها را هم در شرایط واقعی در نظر می گیرد.
Oligopoly is one of the common structures of the market and is actually a state between pure competition and pure monopoly. The theoretical literature distinguishes between the behaviors of companies in adopting competitive pricing strategies. It is common to study models where all firms are price-makers or price-takers, but the simultaneous application of price-making and price-taking strategies by firms producing a similar product using game theory has not received much attention. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to use game theory with equilibrium concepts forward-looking equilibrium reasoning, and backward-looking individual learning simulation tools to investigate the behavior of companies. The results of the recent study showed that the Cournot-Nash model is a stable model for the real evaluation of pricing strategies in a dynamic oligopoly market. However, with a larger number of firms, a unilateral deviation from Cournot's behavior becomes profitable. In this paper, we have formally proved that the only possible stable market is the Cornot market, where every firm can be a price taker. Conversely, a market in which all firms accept only prices is never stable, and therefore Walrasian equilibrium is not applicable according to the findings. When there are no stable markets, the market does not evolve toward a fixed composition, but the number of price takers typically decreases. In such a situation, the market composition follows a cyclical pattern that is related to the stability or volatility of crude expectations.
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