بررسی مقایسه‌ای عوامل مؤثر بر رکود دامداری سنتی در دو ناحیه‌ی دشتی و کوهستانی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان القچین از توابع شهرستان چرام)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای

حمید حیدری مکرر ¹ (استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
حمیدرضا نسیمی ² (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
مهرداد رشیدفر ³ (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/09/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/10/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/03/01

کلید واژه: دام, دامداری سنتی, عوامل رکود, اهمیت مرتع, دهستان القچین,

چکیده مقاله :

جامعه‌ی روستایی و عشایری کشور، جامعه‌ای است که اساس دامداری آن به شیوه‌ی سنتی و بهره‌برداری از مراتع بناشده است. علی‌رغم سهم بسزای نظام‌های دامداری سنتی در تولید بخش اعظمی از شیر و گوشت موردنیاز کشور، از شرایط ناپایداری برای ادامه حیات خود برخوردارند، مهم‌ترین این عوامل: تحلیل منابع طبیعی، روی آوردن به تکنولوژی‌های مدرن صنعتی، بالا رفتن سطح بهداشت و فرهنگ و یا... می‌باشد که موجب گردیده تا این شیوه سنتی معیشت، در برخی از نقاط روستایی باسابقه‌ای دیرینه رو به رکود نهد. ازاین‌رو، هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رکود دامداری سنتی در روستاهای موردمطالعه است. روش‌شناسی تحقیق ازنظر هدف، کاربردی و ازنظر روش، توصیفی – تحلیلی می‌باشد. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق حاضر شامل خانوارهای دامدار ساکن دهستان القچین از توابع شهرستان چرام است. حجم نمونه با بهره‌گیری از فرمول کوکران، دربرگیرنده‌ی تعداد 198 خانوار دامدار معین شد. داده‌های مربوط به دو ناحیه به‌وسیله‌ی نرم‌افزار SPSS از طریق به‌کارگیری آزمون‌های آماری مناسب، مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. طبق آزمون آماری مان ویتنی که در سطح اطمینان ۹۵ درصد گرفته شد، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهند در شاخص‌های میزان برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی- ترویجی و هزینه‌ی دارو و دامپزشک با مقدار Sig. (2-tailed) =.000 بیشترین اختلاف معنی‌دار بین دو ناحیه استنتاج می‌شود؛ و در شاخص‌های اجرای طرح و عملیات‌هایی جهت حفظ محیط‌زیست با مقدار Sig. (2-tailed) =.833 و سرمایه‌گذاری در سایر فعالیت‌های دامدار با مقدار Sig. (2-tailed) =.567 بیشترین یکسانی وضعیت در دو ناحیه و عدم وجود تفاوت معنادار حاصل گردیده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The country's rural and tribal society, a society which is based on its livestock is built in the traditional way. Despite the traditional farming systems play a vital role in the production of milk and meat needed a large part of the country, the unstable conditions for the survival of their own. The most important factors: the use of natural resources, turning to modern technology industries, higher levels of health and culture and etc, is that has led to this traditional livelihoods, in some rural areas the recession put a long history. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the decline of traditional livestock in the villages of research methods in terms of purpose, applied and descriptive - analytic.The population consisted of households living in rural ranchers Alqchyn is Choram city functions. A sample using Cochran formula consists of 198 farmer households were given. Data on two areas by SPSS software through the use of appropriate statistical tests, were analyzed.The Mann-Whitney test was used at the %95 confidence level, the results show that the dosage of extension-education courses and the cost of medication and veterinarian with the Sig. (2-tailed) = .000 most significant difference between the two areas must be concluded and the measures to protect the environment with the implementation and operations Sig. (2-tailed) = .833 and investment in other pastoral activities with the Sig. (2-tailed) = .567 same situation in the two areas and the most significant difference is achieved.

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