عوامل موثر بر استفاده ی شهروندان از دوچرخه به عنوان یک وسیله حمل و نقل (مطالعه موردی: شهر رشت)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
زهرا شعبانپور
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران)
سپیده زارع
2
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: رشت, حمل و نقل شهری, دوچرخه,
چکیده مقاله :
. با توجه به رشد سریع جمعیت در شهرهای کشور و افزایش روزافزون سفرهای شخصی و مشکلات جانبی از قبیل مصرف بیهوده انرژی و آلودگی زیست‌محیطی و تراکم ناشی از ازدیاد ترافیک خودروهای شخصی تک‌سرنشین، ازدحام در معابر مرکزی شهر، سیستم حمل‌ونقل خاصی را به‌ویژه در شهرهای پرجمعیت می‌طلبد که این امر نیازمند برنامه‌ریزی دقیق‌تر است,از سوی دیگر با گسترش شهر رشت و افزایش جمعیت آن، ترافیک به یکی از مشکلات اساسی آن تبدیل‌شده که علاوه بر اتلاف وقت شهروندان، موجب گردیده مقدار زیادی سوخت بیهوده مصرف شود. ازجمله اهداف این پژوهش بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر عدم تمایل شهروندان رشت به استفاده از دوچرخه, نوع استفاده آن‌ها از دوچرخه و رابطه‌ی بین شغل, تحصیل,درامد و علاقه‌ی شهروندان در استفاده از دوچرخه جهت عبور و مرور برای سفرهای درون‌شهری است, زیرا که استفاده از دوچرخه و ترویج فرهنگ آن به‌عنوان بهترین جایگزین خودروهای آلاینده محیط‌زیست در سفرهای کوتاه درون‌شهری ، سال‌هاست که در کشورهای مهم و صنعتی نهادینه‌شده است. این مقاله با استفاده از روش توصیفی -تحلیلی و توزیع پرسش‌نامه در سطح شهر به جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرداخته و با استفاده از تکنیک‌های آماری و نرم‌افزارهایی مانندSPSSوExcel تجزیه تحلیل صورت گرفته است,نتایج بیانگر آن است که بین استفاده از دوچرخه و متغیرهایی چون:, علاقه شهروندان, تحصیلات شهروندان, درآمد آن‌ها و شغلشان رابطه معناداری وجود دارد.
. Due to the rapid growth of population in cities and the increasing increase in personal travel and side-effects such as foggy consumption of energy and environmental pollution and congestion caused by the increased traffic of single-person private cars, congestion in the city central transit runs a particular transport system, in particular In crowded cities, this requires more precise planning, on the other hand,with the expansion of the city of Rasht and its population increase, traffic has become one of the main problems that, in addition to wasting time for citizens, has caused a lot of fuel to be consumed in vain. Among the objectives of this research is to study the factors affecting the reluctance of citizens of Rasht to use bikes, their use of bicycles, and the relationship between occupation, education, income and the interest of citizens in using bicycles to navigate for inland city trips, because the use of bicycles and the promotion of its culture as the best substitute for polluting environments on short-range intra-city trips has long been institutionalized in major industrialized countries. This paper uses descriptive-analytical method and distributed questionnaires in the city to collect information. Using statistical techniques and software such as SPSS and Excel, analyzes have been done. The results indicate that between use of bikes and variables such as: citizen's interest There is a significant relationship between citizenship education, their income and their occupation.
Abotalebiesfahani, M., & Babaeedehkordi, H. (2013). Bikersystem implementationin order toimprovepersonal, social, environmentaland trafficof the city andcitizens. Thir teen the International Conference onTransportation andTraffic, Engineering. Tehran: Department of Transport and Traffic, pp.192-180. Retrieved on February 13, 2010 from the following site: ,http://www.civilica.com/Paper-TTC13-TTC13_188.html. (In Persian)
Asgaritozani, A., & Habibant, M. (2011). Identifyeffectivepolicyonfeed systemcyclein Tehran.Thir teen the International Conference on transport and traffic engineering, 1-19. (In Persian)
Atashpanjeh, A., Amanpoor, Z., & Naghipoor, M. M. (2011). Bicycle role in sustainable urban transport system. The first National Conference on Development, Rasht, Islamic Azad University Lashtshow-pp.2-8. Retrieved on January 3, 2010 from the following site: http://www.civilica.com/Paper-OMRANTOSEE01-OMRANTOSEE01_426.html. (In Persian)
Bahrami, R., & sarvat khane bargh, M. (2013). Culture, use of bicycle srather than private transport, (Reducing household costs, [web log coment], organization of The besand suburban public transport. Retrieved on January 15, 2013 from http://farhang-egtemairan 25.blogfa.com/post/74/. (In Persian)
BypassConsulting Engineers. (2009). Bike facilities svary, principles and technical criteria- Planning, designing and exploitation [Written by the website] Recovered on December 17, 1395 .https://www.ecomiran.com/fa/detail/company/10581. (In Persian)
Doroodi, M.R., &Shojaee, L., &sadat Tosi, S.S. (2009). The use of bicycles as asustainable transport strategy for the region itself, in Tehran case, The Eleventh International Conference ontransportandtrafficengineering, 1-17. (In Persian)
Esmaeeli, A.R. (2011). Sustainable transport and urban development, online magazine Enamel Retrieved on Jan 12, 2011.http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/192108/. (In Persian)
Gharib, F.(2004). The feasibility of establishing trails and bicycle in the area of old Tehran. Fine Arts Magazine, 19, 17-28. (In Persian)
Habibiyan, M., &Kermanshah, M. (2012). The share of transport management policy on the choice of an alternative way of private carindaily business. transport engineering, the third year of the third number, pp: 2-9. (In Persian)
Hataminajad, H., & Ashrafi, Y. (2009). Bikeand its role in sustainable urban transport in case there fore. human geography studies, 70, 45-63. (In Persian)
Hoseini, S.A., & Bahrami, Y. (2011). The impact of urban spatial structure of the travel behavior of citizens (Case Rasht).Applied research Geographic Sciences, 13(28), 243-267. (In Persian)
Hoseini, S.A., & bahrami, Y. (2013). Analyzing the impact ofthe spatial organization of thetransport system in the city of Rasht case. transportation engineering, 5(1), 117-130. (In Persian)
Malakhoseini, A., Dargahi, M.M., Hajisharifi, A., Ramzanzadehlasboee, M. (2011). Factors affecting the use of bike sharing in urban transportation case study neighborhoods haft hoze madaeen (District 8). Journal of Geography and Urban Planning Zagros landscape, 11, 17-159. (In Persian)
Malakzadeh, A. (2002). Accountingpedestrian and bicyclemovement through spacelayout. Master's Degree Program in Urban and Regional Planning Iran University of Science and Technology Department of Urban Planning. (In Persian)
Master Plan of Rasht. (2006). To know the status quo. the engineering company of Kavosh. (In Persian)
Ministry of Housingand Urban Development. (2007). Planning and Architecture regulations and development plans approved by theSupreme Council for Planning and Architecture of Iran. Second Edition, (Second Edition). National Development of Iran. (In Persian)
Mokhtari Malak Abadi, R. (2010). Geographicalanalysis of the role of bicycles in Isfahan sustainable transportsystems. urban and regional studies, 3(9),101-122. (In Persian)
Rasafi, A.B., & Zarabadi, SH. (2009). The development of sustainable transport in Iran us in gmulti objective analysis. science and technology, environment, 11(2). (In Persian)
Rasooli, R. (2014). Transport and traffic. Retrieved January 15, 1395 from data bases Dyarmyrza, Published 8 October. (In Persian)
Razaviyan, M.T., & Kosheshi, F. (2013). The role of planning in urban sustainable development implementation. quarterly scientific-promotional traffic, 22, 33-49. (In Persian)
Shokrgozar, A. (2006). Urban housing development in Iran. Rasht Pressgrateful. (In Persian)
Taghvaee, M., Fathi, E. (2011). Criteria for locating and designing bike routes with an emphasis on Isfahan, Applied Sociology, 22(43), 136-152. (In Persian)
Tandiseh, M & Rezaee, M. (2013). Strategic planning for sustainable urban transportin theme tropolitan city of Mashhad, Iran case. transportation engineering, IssueOne,1-18. (In Persian)
Zandi Atashyar, A.H., & Khaksari, A. (2009). Sustainable transport and the recommendation of policies to achieve that’s trategyASI, Eleventh International Conference on transport and traffic engineering, 2-22.
Kaltenbrunner, A., Meza, R., Grivolla, J., Codina, J., & Banchs, R. (2010). Urban cycles and mobility patterns: Exploring and predicting trends in a bicycle-based public transport system, Barcelona Media - Innovation Centre, Diagonal 177, Planta 9, 08018 Barcelona, Spain, 2-12.
Pucher, J., Buehler, R. (2006). Why Canadians Cycle More than Americans: A Comparative Analysis of Bicycling Trends and Policies, Transport Policy, 13, 265-279.
Piet, R., & Vanessa, D. (2004). Determinants of bicycle use: do municipal policies matter? Transportation Research Part A, 38, 531-550.
Simon D.S., & Karen lock, F. (2010). Cycling for transport and public health: a systematic review of the effect of the environment on cycling. The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access published, 6, 1-6.
_||_Abotalebiesfahani, M., & Babaeedehkordi, H. (2013). Bikersystem implementationin order toimprovepersonal, social, environmentaland trafficof the city andcitizens. Thir teen the International Conference onTransportation andTraffic, Engineering. Tehran: Department of Transport and Traffic, pp.192-180. Retrieved on February 13, 2010 from the following site: ,http://www.civilica.com/Paper-TTC13-TTC13_188.html. (In Persian)
Asgaritozani, A., & Habibant, M. (2011). Identifyeffectivepolicyonfeed systemcyclein Tehran.Thir teen the International Conference on transport and traffic engineering, 1-19. (In Persian)
Atashpanjeh, A., Amanpoor, Z., & Naghipoor, M. M. (2011). Bicycle role in sustainable urban transport system. The first National Conference on Development, Rasht, Islamic Azad University Lashtshow-pp.2-8. Retrieved on January 3, 2010 from the following site: http://www.civilica.com/Paper-OMRANTOSEE01-OMRANTOSEE01_426.html. (In Persian)
Bahrami, R., & sarvat khane bargh, M. (2013). Culture, use of bicycle srather than private transport, (Reducing household costs, [web log coment], organization of The besand suburban public transport. Retrieved on January 15, 2013 from http://farhang-egtemairan 25.blogfa.com/post/74/. (In Persian)
BypassConsulting Engineers. (2009). Bike facilities svary, principles and technical criteria- Planning, designing and exploitation [Written by the website] Recovered on December 17, 1395 .https://www.ecomiran.com/fa/detail/company/10581. (In Persian)
Doroodi, M.R., &Shojaee, L., &sadat Tosi, S.S. (2009). The use of bicycles as asustainable transport strategy for the region itself, in Tehran case, The Eleventh International Conference ontransportandtrafficengineering, 1-17. (In Persian)
Esmaeeli, A.R. (2011). Sustainable transport and urban development, online magazine Enamel Retrieved on Jan 12, 2011.http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/192108/. (In Persian)
Gharib, F.(2004). The feasibility of establishing trails and bicycle in the area of old Tehran. Fine Arts Magazine, 19, 17-28. (In Persian)
Habibiyan, M., &Kermanshah, M. (2012). The share of transport management policy on the choice of an alternative way of private carindaily business. transport engineering, the third year of the third number, pp: 2-9. (In Persian)
Hataminajad, H., & Ashrafi, Y. (2009). Bikeand its role in sustainable urban transport in case there fore. human geography studies, 70, 45-63. (In Persian)
Hoseini, S.A., & Bahrami, Y. (2011). The impact of urban spatial structure of the travel behavior of citizens (Case Rasht).Applied research Geographic Sciences, 13(28), 243-267. (In Persian)
Hoseini, S.A., & bahrami, Y. (2013). Analyzing the impact ofthe spatial organization of thetransport system in the city of Rasht case. transportation engineering, 5(1), 117-130. (In Persian)
Malakhoseini, A., Dargahi, M.M., Hajisharifi, A., Ramzanzadehlasboee, M. (2011). Factors affecting the use of bike sharing in urban transportation case study neighborhoods haft hoze madaeen (District 8). Journal of Geography and Urban Planning Zagros landscape, 11, 17-159. (In Persian)
Malakzadeh, A. (2002). Accountingpedestrian and bicyclemovement through spacelayout. Master's Degree Program in Urban and Regional Planning Iran University of Science and Technology Department of Urban Planning. (In Persian)
Master Plan of Rasht. (2006). To know the status quo. the engineering company of Kavosh. (In Persian)
Ministry of Housingand Urban Development. (2007). Planning and Architecture regulations and development plans approved by theSupreme Council for Planning and Architecture of Iran. Second Edition, (Second Edition). National Development of Iran. (In Persian)
Mokhtari Malak Abadi, R. (2010). Geographicalanalysis of the role of bicycles in Isfahan sustainable transportsystems. urban and regional studies, 3(9),101-122. (In Persian)
Rasafi, A.B., & Zarabadi, SH. (2009). The development of sustainable transport in Iran us in gmulti objective analysis. science and technology, environment, 11(2). (In Persian)
Rasooli, R. (2014). Transport and traffic. Retrieved January 15, 1395 from data bases Dyarmyrza, Published 8 October. (In Persian)
Razaviyan, M.T., & Kosheshi, F. (2013). The role of planning in urban sustainable development implementation. quarterly scientific-promotional traffic, 22, 33-49. (In Persian)
Shokrgozar, A. (2006). Urban housing development in Iran. Rasht Pressgrateful. (In Persian)
Taghvaee, M., Fathi, E. (2011). Criteria for locating and designing bike routes with an emphasis on Isfahan, Applied Sociology, 22(43), 136-152. (In Persian)
Tandiseh, M & Rezaee, M. (2013). Strategic planning for sustainable urban transportin theme tropolitan city of Mashhad, Iran case. transportation engineering, IssueOne,1-18. (In Persian)
Zandi Atashyar, A.H., & Khaksari, A. (2009). Sustainable transport and the recommendation of policies to achieve that’s trategyASI, Eleventh International Conference on transport and traffic engineering, 2-22.
Kaltenbrunner, A., Meza, R., Grivolla, J., Codina, J., & Banchs, R. (2010). Urban cycles and mobility patterns: Exploring and predicting trends in a bicycle-based public transport system, Barcelona Media - Innovation Centre, Diagonal 177, Planta 9, 08018 Barcelona, Spain, 2-12.
Pucher, J., Buehler, R. (2006). Why Canadians Cycle More than Americans: A Comparative Analysis of Bicycling Trends and Policies, Transport Policy, 13, 265-279.
Piet, R., & Vanessa, D. (2004). Determinants of bicycle use: do municipal policies matter? Transportation Research Part A, 38, 531-550.
Simon D.S., & Karen lock, F. (2010). Cycling for transport and public health: a systematic review of the effect of the environment on cycling. The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access published, 6, 1-6.
