Study of Aloysia citrodora Growth as an Ornamental-Medicinal Plant in Substrates Containing Natural and Synthetic Superabsorbents
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتیMaryam Marashi 1 , Saba Ghasedi 2 , Shirin Seyed Nasir 3
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Former MSc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Former MSc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Field capacity, Moisture curve, Municipale waste compost, Permanent wilting point,
چکیده مقاله :
In this study, we investigated the effects of organic waste and moisture superabsorbent on the amount of available water and delay in moisture equivalent of permanent wilting point (PWP) in soil. In the first phase (soil incubation phase), 12 treatments were studied in a completely randomized design at the Soil Science Laboratory of Science and Research Branch, Tehran. The treatments consisted of 5 and 10% compost (mixture of municipale waste compost and cow manure); 5, 15 and 30 g/kg soil of zeolite and 2, 4 and 8 g/kg soil of moisture superabsorbents (A200). In the second phase (greenhouse phase), three treatments with the highest delay in permanent wilting point with a control treatment were selected as planting media and in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design, we studied the effect of planting substrate (four substrates) and irrigation period at three levels (48, 72 and 120 hours) on Aloysia citrodora growth. The results showed that the highest amount of FC moisture equivalent was related to the treatment with 8 g superabsorbent per kg soil. The highest delay in the permanent wilting point was for 8 g superabsorbent per kg of soil with a delay of 682 h. The highest total fresh weight of plant was observed in the treatment of 10 g of zeolite per kg of soil and 48 hours irrigation round with a mean of 9.47 g. In the superabsorbent treatment, leaf dry weight was higher than the control in 3 irrigation rounds. In general, the results showed that the addition of superabsorbent to the soil by delaying the plant's wilting point could save water use by increasing irrigation rounds.
در این تحقیق اثرات ضایعات آلی و یک سوپرجاذب رطوبت بر مقدار آب قابل استفاده و تأخیر در رطوبت معادل نقطه پژمردگی دائم در خاک بررسی شد. در فاز اول تحقیق (مرحله انکوباسیون خاک)، 12 تیمار در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی در آزمایشگاه علوم خاک دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارها شامل مقادیر 5 و 10 درصد حجمی از کمپوست زبالههای شهری و کود گاوی به همراه مقادیر 5 ، 15 و 30 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک از زئولیت و مقادیر 2، 4 و 8 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک از سوپرجاذب رطوبت (A200) بودند. در فاز دوم (فاز گلخانه‌ای)، بر اساس بیشترین مدت زمان رسیدن به نقطه پژمردگی دائم، سه تیمار که بالاترین میزان تأخیر در نقطه پژمردگی را نشان دادند، به عنوان بستر کاشت انتخاب شدند و بههمراه تیمار شاهد، در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی، اثر بستر کاشت ( چهار بستر) و دور آبیاری در سه سطح ( 48، 72 و 120 ساعت)، روی ویژگیهای رشد به‌لیمو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار رطوبت معادل FC مربوط به تیمار دارای 8 گرم سوپرجاذب به‌ازای هر کیلوگرم خاک است. بیشترین تأخیر در نقطه پژمردگی دائم در مقدار 8 گرم سوپرجاذب به‌ازای هر یک کیلوگرم خاک، با ایجاد تأخیر به میزان 682 ساعت ایجاد شد. بالاترین وزن تر کل گیاه در تیمار 10 گرم زئولیت در یک کیلوگرم خاک و دور آبیاری 48 ساعت با میانگین 47/9 گرم مشاهده شد. در تیمار سوپرجاذب در هرسه دور آبیاری مقدار وزن خشک برگ بیشتر از شاهد بود. در کل نتایج نشان دادند که افزودن سوپرجاذب به خاک با به تاخیر انداختن زمان پژمردگی گیاه، می تواند با افزایش دور آبیاری باعث صرفهجویی در میزان مصرف آب شود.
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