Effects of 1-MCP and Ethylene on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Postharvest Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Cut Carnation Flower cv. ‘Fortune’
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتیAzam Ranjbar 1 , Noorollah Ahmadi 2 , Maliheh Eftekhari 3
1 - Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticultural Science,Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran
2 - Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticultural Science,Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran
3 - Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticultural Science,Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Senescence, superoxide dismutase, ethylene, peroxidase enzyme, Postharvest longevity,
چکیده مقاله :
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most important cut flowers in the world. Themajority of thecarnation cultivars are sensitive to ethylene which affected the physiological and biochemical postharvest characteristics of these flowers.Applying inhibitors of biosynthesis and action of ethylene is important factor to protect the display quality and extend postharvest life. In order to evaluate the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and ethylene on antioxidant enzymes activity of cut carnation cv. Fortune and subsequently on extending the vase life, this experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3replications. Carnation cut flowers were firstly treated with 1-MCP at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 µl/l for 24 h and subsequently exposed to ethylene (1 µl/l) for 16 h. Data were analyzed using MSTAT-C statistical software and means were compared based on Least Significant Differences (LSD) test (p < 0.01). Our results showed that 1-MCP treatment had significant effects on vase life and biochemical characteristics like contents of leaf chlorophyll, petal anthocyanin, petal cell membrane stability and antioxidant enzymes activity such as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The highest vase life and cell membrane stability were appeared in 1.5 µl/l 1-MCP which was significantly higher than 0 and 0.5 µl/l, although there was no significant difference with 1 µl. The highest chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents were also measured under 1.5 µl/l 1-MCP which was significantly higher than other treatments. The highest and lowest catalase and peroxidase activity were related to 1 and 0 µl/l 1-MCP, respectively. The highest and lowest superoxide dismutase activity was observed in 1.5 and 0 µl/l 1-MCP. In conclusion, application of 1-MCP improved and delayed the onset of senescence symptoms resulted in extending the vase life of cut carnation cv. Fortune.
گل میخک (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) از مهمترین گل‌های شاخه‌بریده در سراسر دنیا محسوب می‌شود. بیشتر ارقام میخک حساس به اتیلن بوده و پس از برداشت دچار تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی متعددی می‌شوند. امروزه استفاده از مواد بازدارنده بیوسنتز و عمل اتیلن جهت حفظ کیفیت و افزایش عمر پس از برداشت محصولات اهمیت خاصی دارند. در این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر تیمار 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن و اتیلن روی حفظ کیفیت و افزایش عمر گلجای گل‌های شاخه بریده میخک رقم ʼفورچونʻ آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. ابتدا گل‌های شاخه‌بریده با چهار سطح صفر، نیم، یک و یک و نیم میکرو لیتر بر لیتر 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن به مدت 24 ساعت تیمار شدند و سپس به مدت 16 ساعت در معرض غلظت یک میکرو لیتر بر لیتر اتیلن قرار گرفتند.تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری MSTATC و مقایسه میانگین‌ها بر اساس آزمون LSD در سطوح احتمال یک درصد انجام شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تیمار 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن اثر معنی‌داری بر روی صفت عمر گلجایی و همچنین صفات بیوشیمیایی از جمله میزان کلروفیل برگ، میزان آنتوسیانین گلبرگ، ثبات غشا گلبرگ و میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت از جمله کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز داشت. بالاترین عمر گلجایی و بیشترین ثبات غشا مربوط به تیمار یک و نیم میکرو لیتر بر لیتر 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن بود که بر اساس آزمون LSD تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد با تیمار شاهد و غلظت نیم میکرو لیتر بر لیتر 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن داشت، اگرچه با تیمار یک میکرولیتر بر لیتر 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن دارای تفاوت معنی‌داری از لحاظ آماری نبود. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل و آنتوسیانین در تیمار 5/1 میکرو لیتر بر لیتر1 - متیل‌سیکلوپروپن بدست آمد که اختلاف معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال 1 درصد با سایر تیمارها نشان داد. همچنین بیشترین و کمترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداز به ترتیب مربوط به تیمار 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن با غلظت یک میکرو لیتر بر لیتر و تیمار شاهد بود، بیشترین و کمترین فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز به ترتیب در تیمارهای 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن با غلظت یک و نیم میکرو لیتر بر لیتر و تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. درنتیجه، کاربرد 1- متیل‌سیکلوپروپن شروع علایم پیری را به تاخیر انداخته و باعث افزایش عمر گلجایی گل‌های شاخه بریده میخک ’فورچون‘ شد.
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