A Root Analysis of The Factors Limiting Multifunctional Agriculture in Iran

محورهای موضوعی : Decision-making

محبوبه خیراللهی ¹ , امیرحسین علی بیگی ² , فرحناز رستمی قبادی ³

1 - دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/03/06 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/06/10

کلید واژه: Iran, Multifunctional agriculture, Five Whys Technique, GUT Decision Matrix, root causes analysis (RCA),

چکیده مقاله :

Despite numerous studies on multifunctional agriculture, the development of this practice in developing countries, including Iran, remains uncertain. The purpose of this qualitative study was to analyze the underlying factors limiting multifunctional agriculture in western Iran. The study population consisted of 12 purposefully selected experts and farmers involved in multifunctional agriculture in Dehloran Township, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, following a root cause analysis approach proposed by the American Society for Quality (ASQ). The analysis of the interviews identified 19 direct causes categorized into six groups, along with 234 superficial causes. Additionally, 12 root causes that significantly impact the problem were identified. Using the GUT (Gravity, Urgency, and Tendency) decision matrix and Pareto diagram for scoring and prioritizing, eight key root causes emerged: Absence of research laboratories. Inefficient supervision of agricultural processes. Lack of guaranteed support for all agricultural products in the region. Failure to promote multifunctional agriculture. Failure to formulate strategic policies based on regional conditions. Inefficient policies for training multifunctional agricultural experts. Lack of targeted support plans. Inadequate policy-making to support multifunctional farmers. By addressing and rectifying these root causes, not only can superficial causes be eliminated, but also the development of multifunctional agriculture can be expedited.

چکیده انگلیسی:

با وجود مطالعات متعدد در مورد کشاورزی چند منظوره، هنوز نمی توانیم توسعه کشاورزی چندمنظوره را در کشورهای در حال توسعه از جمله ایران تایید کنیم. هدف از این مطالعه کیفی، تحلیل علل ریشه ای عوامل محدودکننده چندکارکردی کشاورزی در غرب ایران بود. جامعه مورد مطالعه به صورت هدفمند از بین 12 نفر از کارشناسان و کشاورزان چندکاره کشاورزی در شهرستان دهلران انتخاب شد. داده ها با استفاده از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته در سه مرحله از تحلیل علل ریشه ای بر اساس رویکرد پیشنهادی انجمن کیفیت آمریکا (ASQ) جمع آوری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل مصاحبه ها منجر به شناسایی 19 علت مستقیم در شش دسته، 234 علت سطحی و 12 علت ریشه ای مؤثر بر مشکل شد. بر اساس امتیازدهی و اولویت بندی توسط ماتریس تصمیم گیری GUT (گرانش، فوریت و گرایش) و نمودار پارتو، هشت علت اصلی پیدا شد که عبارتند از: 1) عدم وجود آزمایشگاه های تحقیقاتی. 2) نظارت ناکارآمد بر فرآیند کشاورزی. 3) عدم حمایت تضمینی از کلیه محصولات کشاورزی منطقه. 4) عدم معرفی کشاورزی چند منظوره. 5) عدم تدوین سیاستهای استراتژیک با توجه به موقعیت منطقه. 6) سیاست های ناکارآمد برای تربیت کارشناسان کشاورزی چند منظوره. 7) فقدان برنامه های حمایتی هدفمند. و 8) سیاست گذاری ضعیف برای حمایت از کشاورزان چندکاره. با حذف یا اصلاح علل ریشه ای ذکر شده، نه تنها سایر علل سطحی از بین می روند، بلکه می توان توسعه کشاورزی چندکاره را نیز تسریع کرد.

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