بررسی اثر میکوریزGlomus mosseae و براسینواستروئید بر مکانیسم فتوسنتز آنیسون (Pimpinella anisum L.) تحت شرایط تنش کادمیوم

محورهای موضوعی : زیست شناسی سلولی تکوینی گیاهی و جانوری ، تکوین و تمایز ، زیست شناسی میکروارگانیسم

سپیده حاج باقری ¹ (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران)
حسین عباسپور ² (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران)
شکوفه انتشاری ³ (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران)
علیرضا ایرانبخش ⁴ (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/11/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/02/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/01

کلید واژه: آنیسون, کلرید کادمیوم, براسینواستروئید, میکوریز Glomus mosseae,

چکیده مقاله :

عناصر سنگین از مهمترین آلاینده‌های محیطی هستند و سمیت آنها به ‌دلایل اکولوژیکی، تکاملی، تغذیه‌ای و محیطی مشکل بزرگی به‌شمار می‌رود. بسیاری از تحقیقات نشان داده اند که تلقیح گیاهان با قارچ میکوریزی یا استفاده از هورمون براسینواستروئید مقاومت بسیاری از گیاهان را نسبت به فلزات سنگین افزایش می‌دهد. در این مطالعه تاثیر میکوریز Glomus mosseae و 24-اپی‌براسینولید (10-6 میکرومولار) بر مکانیسم فتوسنتز و مقاومت گیاه دارویی آنیسون نسبت به تنش ناشی از کلرید کادمیوم (0، 100، 200 و 800 ppm) مورد بررسی و مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که کادمیوم باعث کاهش درصد آغشتگی میکوریزی ریشه، کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b و کلروفیل کل و کاهش حدواسط‌های مسیر بیوسنتز کلروفیل شامل پروتوپورفیرین IX، منیزیم پروتوپورفیرین IX، پروتوکلروفیلید، کلروفیلید a و کلروفیلیدb و کاهش کاروتنوئید در گیاه آنیسون شد. پیش تیمار گیاهان با براسینواستروئید، تلقیح گیاهان با قارچ میکوریز Glomus mosseae و اثر توام Glomus mosseae×براسینواستروئید باعث افزایش میزان این ترکیبات تحت غلظت‌های 100 و 200 ppm کلرید کادمیوم گردید. بنابراین می توان نتیجه گرفت که براسینواسترویید و قارچ میکوریزی در این غلظت‌ها بر مکانیسم فتوسنتز و مقاومت در این گیاه نقش مثبت داشته و باعث مقاومت این گیاه در برابر سمیت ناشی از کادمیوم در این گیاه می‌شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Heavy metals are important environmental pollutants because of their toxicity, ecological, evolutionary, environmental, nutritional, and is considered as a major problem. Many studies have shown that plants inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and the use of hormone Brassinosteroids increased resistance of plants to heavy metals. In this study, the effect of mycorrhiza Glomus mosseae and 24-epibrassinolid (10-6 µM) on anise resistance to the stress of cadmium chloride (0, 100, 200 and 800 ppm) were compared. The results showed that cadmium reduced percentage of root mycorrhizal colonization, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway intermediates containing protoporphyrin IX, magnesium protoporphyrin IX, Protochlorophilid, chlorophilid a and chlorophilid b and carotenoids in the anise plant. Plants pretreatment with brassinosteroid, plants inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and interaction brassinosteroid and Glomus mosseae increased the amount of the compounds of cadmium chloride concentrations were 100 and 200 ppm. Therefore it can be concluded that Brassinosteroids and mycorrhizal fungi in the this concentrations on plant resistance and mechanisms of photosynthesis have a positive role and plant resistance to cadmium toxicity in this plant.

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