طراحی مدل کارآفرینی بر اساس توانمندسازها برای ایران

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد مالی

داود مختارپور ¹ , فردین شورج ²

1 - گروه مدیریت راهبردی، دانشکده مدیریت راهبردی ،دانشگاه و پژوهشگاه عالی دفاع ملی، تهران ، ایران.
2 - گروه مدیریت راهبردی، دانشکده مدیریت راهبردی ،دانشگاه و پژوهشگاه عالی دفاع ملی، تهران ، ایران.(

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/01/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/06/01

کلید واژه: خلاقیت, G1, G32, O31, واژه‌های کلیدی: کارآفرینی, توانمندسازهای کارآفرینی, نوآوری. طبقه بندی JEL : J11,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیدههدف از این پژوهش طراحی مدل توانمندسازهای کارآفرینی در ایران بود. در این پژوهش از روش ترکیبی (کیفی و کمی) استفاده شد. نمونه آماری پژوهش شامل 33 نفر از خبرگان کارآفرینی ؛ 110 نفر از مدیران کسب و کارهای خرد و کلان و 163 نفر از دانشجویان کارآفرینی بودند. ابزار این پژوهش پرسشنامه های دلفی، مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری و عملکرد کارآفرینانه بودند. روایی محتوای پرسشنامه ها با استفاده از نظر خبرگان و روایی سازه با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تائید شد. پایایی پرسشنامهها نیز از روش آلفای کرونباخ مورد تائید قرار گرفت. برای شناسایی توانمندسازهای کارآفرینی و بررسی ارتباط میان آنها از روش دلفی و مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری و برای آزمون فرضیههای پژوهش از روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، در مجموع 9 توانمندساز (عوامل فرهنگی، عوامل اقتصادی، فناوری اطلاعات، عوامل سیاسی، عوامل زمینهای، عوامل ساختاری، عوامل نهادی، ویژگیهای شخصیتی و فردی، و بهرهگیری از مزایای جهانیشدن) و 52 شاخص شناسایی شدند. نتایج مربوط به چارچوب نهایی ISM نشان داد که عوامل زمینهای و بهرهگیری از مزایای جهانی شدن در سطح 1 و عوامل فرهنگی در سطح 6 قرار گرفتهاند. همچنین نتایج مربوط به فرضیههای فرعی نشان داد که تمام ابعاد توانمندسازهای کارآفرینی بر عملکرد کارآفرینانه تاثیرگذار هستند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to design an entrepreneurial empowerment model in Iran. In this study, a combined method (qualitative and quantitative) was used. The statistical sample of the study included 33 entrepreneurship experts, 110 micro and macro business managers and 163 entrepreneurship students. The tools of this research were Delphi questionnaires, interpretive structural modeling and entrepreneurial performance. Validation of questionnaires using expert opinion and validity using factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaires was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Delphi method and interpretive structural modeling were used to identify entrepreneurial enablers and to examine the relationship between them, and structural equation modeling method was used to test research hypotheses. According to the results, a total of 9 empowerment (cultural factors, economic factors, information, political factors, contextual factors, structural factors, institutional factors, personality and individual characteristics, and the use of the global community) and 52 identifications. Were. The final results of ISM showed that the underlying factors and the benefit of globalization are at level 1 and the cultural factors are at level 6. Also, the results of sub-hypotheses showed that all entrepreneurial enablers affect entrepreneurial performance.

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Analoui, F., Moghimi, S. M., and Khanifar, H. (2009), Public sector managers and entrepreneurship in Islamic Republic of Iran, Journal of Management Development, No. 285, pp. 22-532.
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Bouncken, R.; Ratzmann, M.; Barwinski, R. & Kraus, S.(2020). Coworking spaces: Empowerment for entrepreneurship and innovation in the digital and sharing economy, Journal of Business Research, 114, PP. 102-110.
Brink, T. and Madsen, S. (2015), Entrepreneurial learning requires action on the meaning generated, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 650-672.
Chell, E. (2013), Review of Skill and the Entrepreneurial Process, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 6-31.
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Deakins, D., Bensemann, j. and Battisti, M. (2016), Entrepreneurial skill and regulation: evidence from primary sector rural entrepreneurs, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 22, No. 2.
Dileep, K. M., and Ramesh, M. (2009), E-Recruitment: Leveraging Technology towards Business Excellence, Business Review, Vol. 4, No. 1 & 2, pp. 75-94. 
Ekanem, I. (2015), Entrepreneurial learning: gender differences, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 557-577.
Erdor, M. (2012), Developments in E-Entrepreneurship in Turkey and a Case Study of a Startup Company Founded by a Woman Entrepreneur, International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Vol. 3, No. 4.
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