ارزیابی پیامدهای فضایی جابه‌جایی روستای یخ کش استان مازندران با رویکرد پایداری زیست‌محیطی
محورهای موضوعی : طراحی محیطی
مهسا تهرانی رجبی
1
(گروه معماری, واحدپردیس, دانشگاه آزاداسلامی, پردیس, ایران)
روزبه زمانیان
2
(گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: توسعه, محیط زیست, پیامدهای جابجایی, احداث سد, روستای یخ کش,
چکیده مقاله :
اجرای طرح جابجایی روستای یخکش به دلیل آب‌گیری سد گلورد و خطر وقوع سیل و آب‌گرفتگی در سال 1388 صورت گرفت که با پیامدهای فراوان برای زندگی روستاییان همراه بود. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی و ارزیابی پیامدهای جابجایی روستا و مشکلات مردم روستای یخکش در شهرستان بهشهر بود. برای رسیدن به هدف مطلوب این پژوهش از اسناد و مدارک کتابخانه و مطالعات میدانی استفاده شده است. همچنین با استفاده از روش‌های مختلف گردآوری اطلاعات به‌ویژه مشاهده و مصاحبه با 51 خانوار، نظرات و مشکلات ساکنین در خصوص روستای جدید موردبررسی قرار گرفت. جهت ارزیابی نیز از روش ارزیابی تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی استفاده شده است. مردم روستای یخکش پس از جابجایی به سبب احداث سد گلورد، با مشکلات عدیده‌ای روبه‌رو هستند. عدم رضایت مردم و برآورده نشدن انتظارات آن‌ها موجب مهاجرت تعداد زیادی از خانواده‌ها از روستای یخکش شده است. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که اکثر خانوارهای روستایی بعد از جابجایی فعالیت دامداری را انجام نمی‌دادند. مشکل حذف دام‌پروری در روستای یخکش باعث ایجاد مشکلات عدیده مانند کاهش منابع درآمدی خانوار و افزایش هزینه‌های زندگی شده که به‌عنوان بزرگ‌ترین مشکلات روستاییان پس از جابجایی خود را نمایان ساخته است. همچنین بر اساس نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، عدم رعایت ملاحظات کالبدی- زیرساختی، عدم رعایت ملاحظات زیست‌محیطی در احداث روستای جدید، عملکرد اجتماعی نامناسب سکونتگاه جدید، مشکلات مرتبط با وضعیت اقتصادی خانوار روستایی و عملکرد نامناسب سکونتگاه‌های جدید از بعد فرهنگی- روانی مهم‌ترین مشکلات روستاییان پس از جابجایی ارزیابی شدند که 46/52 درصد واریانس تجمعی را به خود اختصاص دادند.
The implementation of the Yakh Kash village relocation plan was carried out in 2008 due to the flooding of the Golvard dam and the risk of flooding, which had many consequences for the lives of the villagers. The aim of the present research was to investigate and evaluate the consequences of village relocation and the problems of the people of Yakh Kash village in Behshahr city. Library documents and field studies have been used to achieve the desired goal of this research. Also, by using different methods of information gathering, especially observation and interview with 51 households, the opinions and problems of the residents regarding the new village were investigated. Exploratory factor analysis was used for evaluation. . The results of the study indicate that most of the rural households did not do animal husbandry after relocation. The problem of eliminating animal husbandry in Yakh Kash village has caused many problems such as reducing the income sources of the household and increasing the cost of living, which has shown itself as the biggest problems of the villagers after relocation. Also, based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis, non-observance of physical-infrastructural considerations, non-observance of environmental considerations in the construction of a new village, inappropriate social performance of the new settlement, problems related to the economic status of the rural household and inappropriate performance of the new settlements are the most important problems of the villagers from the cultural-psychological dimension. After displacement, they were evaluated to account for 46.52% of the cumulative variance.
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