بررسی سازگاری و شاخص‌های تحمل تنش خشکی در ژنوتیپ‌های پیشرفته گندم نان
محورهای موضوعی : مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی
حبیب اله سوقی
1
(استادیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،گرگان، ایران)
کلید واژه: پایداری, تنش خشکی, عملکرد دانه, گندم, لاین امیدبخش,
چکیده مقاله :
تنش خشکی یکی از عوامل مهم محدود کننده تولید محصولات کشاورزی در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک می‌باشد. به منظور بررسی پایداری عملکرد دانه و شاخص‌های تحمل تنش خشکی در گندم، 20ژنوتیپ امیدبخش گندم در سه سال زراعی از 1391 تا 1394 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی عراقی محله گرگان در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار کشت شدند. ژنوتیپ‌های مورد نظر در دو سال اول فقط در شرایط آبیاری معمول ولی در سال سوم آزمایش در دو شرایط آبیاری معمول و قطع آبیاری پس از گلدهی بررسی شدند. هشت شاخص تحمل تنش شامل شاخص حساسیت به تنش خشکی(SSI)، تحمل(TOL)، میانگین هندسی
Drought stress is one of the most important factor that reducing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield production in arid and semi-arid regions. In order to evaluate stability and indicators of drought tolerance indices in wheat, twenty bread wheat genotypes were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Gorgan Agricultural Research Station in three years. Genotypes in two years (2012-13 & 2013-14 cropping season) were evaluated only in irrigated condition but in 2014-15 cropping season, both in irrigated and drought after flowering. Eight indices under normal and drought stress conditions including, stress sensitivity index (SSI), tolerance (TOL), geometric mean production (GMP), mean production (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI) and preference index (PI) on the grain yield, were evaluated. Results of combined analysis of variance revealed that effects of year and genotype were statistically significant in 1% level but year × genotype interactions. Drought stress caused reducing in grain yield that genotype number 6 with 70% had the highest decreasing. Genotypes number 8, 17, 4 and 14 had the highest grain yield in drought stress. In base of mean comparison of genotypes in combined analysis of variance and indicators of drought tolerance, genotype number 14 with grain yield mean 6773 kg/ha in irrigated conditions and genotypes number 8 and 17 in drought condition were selected.
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