اثرات پیش تیماردهی بذر و تراکم کاشت بر عملکرد علوفه ذرت سیلوئی (SC704) در کشت های تأخیری

محورهای موضوعی : یافته های نوین کشاورزی

فرشید علی پور ابوخیلی ¹ (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قائم شهر)
حمید رضا مبصر ² (عضو هیئت علمی گروه زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قائم شهر)
مسعود محسنی ³ (عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران)
الیاس رحیمی پطرودی ⁴ (عضو هیئت علمی گروه زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قائم شهر)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/09/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/03/01

کلید واژه: ذرت, تاریخ و تراکم کاشت, پیش تیماردهی بذر و عملکرد علوفۀ تر,

چکیده مقاله :

این آزمایش در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی قراخیل مازندران در سال زراعی 1389 به صورت کرت های دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار اجرا شد. دو تاریخ کشت تأخیری (7 و22 مرداد) به عنوان عامل اصلی و تراکم کاشت در دو سطح (70 و90 هزار بوته در هکتار) عامل فرعی و چهار سطح پیش تیماردهی بذر (شاهد بدون پیش تیماردهی بذر، آب خالص، پلی اتیلن گلیکول 8000 با غلظت 8% و نیترات پتاسیم با غلظت 5/0%) در کرت های فرعی فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد وزن تر تک بوته و عملکرد علوفۀ تر در هکتار با تأخیر در کاشت (کاشت 22 مرداد) به دلیل ارتفاع بوته (3/12%)، سطح برگ (7/22%) و قطر بلال(9/12%)کمتر در مقایسه با تاریخ کاشت اول (7 مرداد) به ترتیب 4/19 و 0/24% کاهش را نشان دادند. نسبت وزن تر بلال به کل با تأخیر در کاشت 8/8 % افزایش یافت. عملکرد علوفۀ تر برای تراکم 90 هزار بوته در هکتار به نسبت 5/11% بیشتر از تراکم 70 هزار بوته در هکتار بود. درصد لیگنین با افزایش تراکم کاشت 7/4% بیشتر گردید. پیش تیماردهی بذر از نظر آماری بر عملکرد علوفۀ تر سیلوئی اثر معنی داری نداشت ولی بیشترین تعداد بلال و نسبت وزن تر بلال به کل و کمترین نسبت وزن تر ساقه به کل برای پیش تیماردهی بذر با محلول پلی اتیلن گلیکول حاصل شد. ولی حداکثر قطر بلال با پرایم نمودن توسط آب خالص بدست آمد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

      Seed priming in the delayed cropping have increased chances of plant establishment and leads to increase yield. In order to an experiment was carried out as split-split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) in four replications in Mazandaran Agriculture Research Center, Qaemshahr, Iran in 2010. Delayed sowing dates were at two levels (27 July and 13 August) as the main factor and plant density on two levels (70 and 90 thousand plants per hectare) as the sub factor and the sub-sub factor in four levels seed priming including; control no seed priming, pure water, PEG concentration 8% and KNO3 concentration 0.5%. The results showed that fresh weight per plant and forage yield per hectare lower than delay planting with 19.4 and 24.0 %, respectively. Because the plant height (12.3%), leaf (22.7%) and ear diameter (12.9%) were lower. Ratio the fresh ear weight to total in delay planting 8.8% had increase. Forage yield in 90000 plants per hectare was more than 70000 plants per hectare with 11.5%. Percent lignin with increasing plant density 4.7% was higher. Priming statistically on forage yield had not significant effect. But the highest number of ear and ratio ear fresh weight to total and the lowest ratio stem fresh weight to total was obtained in PEG. Maximum ear diameter was obtained with pure water.

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