اثر تنش کم آبی و کاربرد مواد جاذب رطوبت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم پاییزه در اراک
محورهای موضوعی : یافته های نوین کشاورزی
محمد فرمهینی فراهانی
1
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، ارشد زراعت، اراک، ایران)
محمد میرزاخانی
2
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد فراهان، گروه کشاورزی، فراهان، ایران)
نور علی ساجدی
3
(استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، اراک، ایران)
کلید واژه: تنش آبی, کود دامی, گندم, عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد, بنتونیت, زئو لیت,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر تنش آبی و مصرف مواد جاذب رطوبت مانند کود دامی، زئولیت و بنتونیت آزمایشی در سال زراعی 90-1389 اجرا شده است. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمار های آزمایش شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (100%، 85% و 70%) نیاز آبی گیاه که در تیمار اصلی، مصرف مواد جاذب رطوبت در شش سطح (شاهد، کود دامی 30 تن در هکتار، کود دامی 15 تن درهکتار + 4 تن زئولیت درهکتار، کود دامی 15 تن درهکتار+ 2 تن بنتونیت در هکتار، 4 تن زئولیت در هکتار + 2 تن بنتونیت در هکتار و کود دامی 15 تن در هکتار + 4 تن زئولیت در هکتار + 2 تن بنتونیت درهکتار) در کرت های فرعی روی گندم رقم الوند، انجام شد. نتایج استفاده از تیمارهای کودی نشان داده که تاثیر معنی داری بر شاخص برداشت خوشه ، تعداد سنبلچه و دانه در خوشه داشته است. در بین اثرات متقابل تیمار تعداد دانه در سنبله و وزن هزار دانه در سطح یک درصد و عملکرد دانه در سطح پنج درصد معنی دار بود. در سطح آبیاری شاهد مصرف زئولیت و کود دامی بالاترین عملکرد، درسطح آبیاری 85 % تنش آبی مصرف 30تن کود دامی و در سطح آبیاری 70% تنش آبی مصرف زئولیت و کود دامی بالاترین عملکرد را داشته اند. نتایج نشان داد مصرف زئولیت همراه کود دامی می تواند عملکرد را افزایش دهد. با توجه به خشک سالی های چند سال گذشته و محدویت های آبیاری که در کشور وجود دارد و قیمت مناسب زئولیت و دوام پنج ساله آن می توان برای کاهش خسارت ناشی از آبیاری به کشاورزان توصیه نمود.
Effect of water stress and absorbent substance such as animal manure, zeolite and bentonite in a field trial training - Islamic Azad University in agricultural research is conducted 2010 - 11. Tested in a split plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of three irrigation treatments (100%, 85% and 70%) required water treatment plant in the main,Use absorbent materials on six levels (controls, 30 tons of manureper hectare, 15 tons of manure + 4 tons zeolite per hectare, 15 tons of manure per hectare consumption of + 2 tons of bentonite, zeoliteof 4 tons per hectare consumption of+ 2 tons of bentonite per hectare and 15 tons of manure+2 tons bentonite + 4 tons of zeoliteper hectare)in sub plots on wheat type alvand. Results showed that the effect of water stress on traits such as plant height, seed weight and seed yield and harvest index of the level of a cluster was significant at five percent. The results show that the use of fertilizers a significant effect on panicle harvest index, number of spikelets per panicle and grain has. highest levels of water stress on grain yield average of 8 / 5 tons per hectare to irrigation based on plant water requirement was 100 percent and lowest average yield of 4/03 tons per acre to plant irrigation was 70% water requirement. The results show that the zeolite used with manure can increase performance. Given the multi-year drought and water restrictions that exist in the country and Zeolite and its five-year price stability can be recommended to reduce the damage caused by irrigation farmers.
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