بررسی اثرات تلقیح میکوریزا در سطوح مختلف آبیاری و نیتروژن برخصوصیات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک ذرت
محورهای موضوعی : یافته های نوین کشاورزیامید علیزاده 1 , اسلام مجیدی 2 , حبیب الله نادیان 3 , قربان نورمحمدی 4 , محمد رضا عامریان 5
1 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزآباد
2 - موسسة تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذرکرج
3 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه ملاثانی اهواز
4 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه شاهرود
5 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, ذرت, نیتروژن, میکوریزا,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثرات تلقیح قارچ میکوریزا در سطوح مختلف آبیاری و نیتروژن بر بعضی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک ذرت رقم سینگل کراس 704 آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1384 انجام شد. آزمایشها در ایستگاه پژوهشی آموزشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزآباد انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات ساده نیتروژن، میکوریزا، سطوح آبیاری و اثرات متقابل میکوریزا و سطوح آبیاری و نیتروژن بر ارتفاع گیاه، ماده خشک اندام هوایی، ماده خشک ریشه، سطح برگ و طول ریشه معنی دار بودند. افزایش مصرف کود نیتروژن منجر به افزایش ماده خشک اندام هوایی و طول ریشه در گیاه ذرت شد. این در حالی بود که ماده خشک ریشه با مصرف بیشتر نیتروژن کاهش یافت. نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی، طول ریشه و درصد ریشه کلنی ذرت تحت تاثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری قرار گرفت، طوری که با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی طول ریشه و درصد ریشه کلنی شده کاهش یافت و در مقابل نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی افزایش یافت. به طور کلی نتیجه پاسخ رشد میکوریزایی به افزایش شدت تنش خشکی مثبت بوده و نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی در تیمار میکوریزا نسبت به شاهد تحتتنش خشکی بیشتر بود.
In order to investigation the effects of mycorrhiza inoculation in different levels of irrigation and nitrogen on morphological and physiological traits of corn variety ksc 704 an experiment was carried out on factorial based on RCBD whit 3 replications. Experiments were done in research and education station of Islamic Azad University of Firouzabad branch in 2004. Results showed that simple effects of nitrogen, mycorrhiza, irrigation levels and interaction effect of mycorrhiza and irrigation levels and nitrogen on patterns such as plant height, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, leaf area and root length were significant. When mycorrhiza rose it caused increase of shoot and root dry matter and root/shoot ratio nitrogen fertilizer addition, increased shoot dry matter and root length of corn but also root dry matter was reduced by adding nitrogen. Root/shoot ratio and root length and percent of root colonization effected due to different levels of irrigation, in this case with increase of drought stress intensity, root length and percent of root colonization was decreased but ratio of root/shoot increased. Generally, the mycorrhiza growth response with drought stress intensity and root/shoot in mycorrhiza treatment toward check in drought stress were increased.
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