بررسی واکنش ارقام کلزا به تاریخ های مختلف کاشت در منطقه کرج
محورهای موضوعی : یافته های نوین کشاورزیامیرحسین شیرانی راد 1 , عباس دهشیری 2 , سارا علی جراحی 3
1 - دانشیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر
2 - کارشناس ارشد موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال
3 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زیست شناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
کلید واژه: عملکرد دانه, کلزا, تاریخ کاشت, شاخص برداشت, درصد روغن دانه,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد دانه و روغن، اجزای عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات شش ژنوتیپ کلزا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی، در سه تکرار در مزرعه چهارصد هکتاری موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج به مدت دو سال (86-84) انجام شد. عامل تاریخ کاشت در 3 سطح شامل 15 و 30 شهریورماه و 14 مهرماه و عامل رقم شامل ارقام Talayeh، SLM046، Okapi، Orient، Licord و Zarfam بودند. نتایج حاصل نشان داد اثر تاریخ کاشت بر تمام صفات به غیر از تعداد دانه در خورجین و اثر رقم نیز بر تمام صفات به جز ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد بیولوژیک معنی دار بود. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت و رقم بر تعداد دانه در خورجین و وزن هزار دانه معنی دار گردید. دو تاریخ کاشت اول از نظر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن دانه، شاخص برداشت و عملکرد بیولوژیک نسبت به تاریخ کاشت سوم برتری داشتند. در بین اجزای عملکرد دانه نیز تعداد دانه در خورجین و تعداد خورجین در گیاه در تاریخ کاشت دوم و وزن هزار دانه در تاریخ کاشت اول بالاترین مقادیر را به خود اختصاص دادند. در بین ارقام تفاوت معنی داری از نظر عملکرد دانه وجود نداشت، اما اختلاف بین ارقام از نظر درصد روغن دانه منجر به ایجاد تفاوت معنی دار بین آن ها از لحاظ عملکرد روغن دانه شد.
This experiment was done to study the effect of sowing date on grain and oil yield, yield components and some characteristics of 6 rapeseed genotypes. It conducted as a factorial on the basis of RCBD with three replications in research field of seed and plant improvement institute during 2005-2007. Sowing dates factor were selected in 3 levels include of 6th September, 16th September and 6th October and cultivars factor were Talaye, SLM046, Okapi, Orient, Licord and Zarfam. The result showed that the sowing date and cultivar effects were significant on all criteria exception the seed numbers in silique and, plant height and biological yield, respectively. Two sowing dates were superior to third sowing date in the point of grain and oil seed yield, harvest index and biological yield. Among yield components, seed numbers in silique and silique numbers in plant were higher in the second sowing date and 1000 seed weight was greater in the first sowing date. Cultivars yield didn’t have significant differences because every one of them was superior to other in the point of one of the yield component. But the oil percentage difference among cultivars caused to create significant differences in the point of oil seed yield among them.
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