• صفحه اصلی
  • مروری بر شیوع و اهمیت اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی در انواع گوشت و فرآورده‎های دام و طیور در ایران

اشتراک گذاری

آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : ASCIJ-2304-1482 (R1) بازدید : 157 صفحه: 1 - 18

10.22034/ascij.2023.1983584.1482

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

مروری بر شیوع و اهمیت اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی در انواع گوشت و فرآورده‎های دام و طیور در ایران

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

مریم کریمی دهکردی 1 (گروه دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران)
راضیه فرهنگ 2 (گروه دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران)
فروغ محمدی 3 (گروه دامپزشکی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران)
مجید غلامی آهنگران 4 (گروه دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/01/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/03/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/09/01

کلید واژه: گاو, زئونوز, شیر, مرغ, بهداشت, آلودگی گوشت,

چکیده مقاله :

اسهال یک نگرانی عمده برای سلامت عمومی است، زیرا به عنوان یکی از علل مهم مرگ ومیر در کودکان محسوب می‎شود. اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی، اولین سویه‎ای از اشریشیاکلی است که عامل مهم اسهال نوزادان در کشورهای توسعه یافته به حساب می‎آید. اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی عوامل بیماریزای‎ رایجی هستند که از طریق مصرف غذاهای آلوده منتقل می‎شوند و باعث بیماری‎های حاد گوارشی در انسان می‎گردند. در این مطالعه مروری، میزان شیوع اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی در گوشت دام و طیور و نیز فرآورده‎های لبنی در ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. براساس مطالعات انجام شده اکثر اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی‎ شناسایی شده مربوط به محصولات گوشت قرمز و فرآوردهای گوشتی مانند همبرگر بوده است که به احتمال زیاد، این محصولات به دلیل بهداشت نامناسب فرآوری و دستکاری زیاد در فرآیند تولید، آلودگی بیشتری دارند. این در حالی است که در گوشت مرغ و محصولات غذایی آماده طبخ مانند ناگت‎های نیمه پخته به میزان کمتری شناسایی شده‎اند. با توجه به استفاده از درجه حرارت پاستوریزاسیون در مراحل آماده سازی، کاهش میزان اولیه بار میکروبی در این مواد غذایی مشاهده شده است ولی با این حال در مراحل آماده سازی این مواد غذایی در کارخانه‎ها و نحوه انباری سازی باید نکات بهداشتی را رعایت نمود تا آلودگی به باکتری اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی ایجاد نگردد. نتایج به ‌دست‌ آمده نشان داد که محصولات غذایی با منبع حیوانی به راحتی می‌توانند به عنوان یک مخزن اشریشیاکلی بیماریزای گوارشی با توانایی بالقوه برای انتقال ژن‌های مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی و بیماری‌زایی به میکروفلور دستگاه گوارش عمل کنند. بنابراین، توسعه راهبردهای مؤثر برای بهبود ایمنی مواد غذایی و دستورالعمل‌های به‌روز شده برای استفاده محتاطانه از عوامل ضد میکروبی در ایران از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Diarrhea is a major public health concern because it is one of the leading causes of death in children under five years of age. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a main strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) that is considered an important cause of infant diarrhea in developed countries. EPEC are common pathogens that are transmitted through consumption of contaminated food and cause acute gastrointestinal diseases in humans. In this review, the prevalence of EPEC in meat and poultry as well as dairy products in Iran has been reviewed. Based on the previous studies, most of the identified EPEC strains have been related to red meat and meat products such as hamburgers, which are likely to be more contaminated due to improper processing hygiene and high manipulation in the production process. Furthermore, EPEC strains have been detected in chicken meat and ready to cook food products such as semi-cooked nuggets to a lesser extent. Due to the use of pasteurization temperature in the preparation stages, a decrease in the initial amount of microbial load has been observed in these foods. However, in the storage and preparation stages of these foods in factories, hygiene points should be observed to prevent EPEC contamination. The obtained results showed that food products of animal origin can easily act as a reservoir of EPEC with the potential ability to transfer antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity genes to the gastrointestinal microflora. Therefore, developing effective strategies to improve food safety and updated guidelines for prudent use of antimicrobial agents in Iran is of great importance.

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