اثر پیاده روی و مصرف کندر بر تغییر مقادیر BDNF و TNFα در مردان سالمند
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوریمژگان اسکندری 1 , بهمن شمشادی 2 , آرزو بهجت 3 , بابک هوشمند مقدم 4
1 - گروه فیزیولوژی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت یدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
2 - گروه فیزیولوژی و علوم ورزشی، واحد جهرم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جهرم، ایران
3 - گروه فیزیولوژی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت یدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
4 - گروه فیزیولوژی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت یدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: سالمندان, پیاده روی, BDNF, کندر, TNF&alpha, ,
چکیده مقاله :
با افزایش سن روند تخریب و تضعیف عملکرد اعضای بدن از جمله مغز قابل پیش بینی است. فعالیت جسمانی و تغذیه مناسب از عواملی هستند که نقش مهمی در سلامت دستگاه عصبی ایفا می کنند.از مهم ترین گیاهان دارویی که در طب سنتی برای تقویت حافظه و جلوگیری از بروز آلزایمر نام برده شده، کندر است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر یک دوره تمرین هوازی پیاده روی همراه با مصرف کندر بر مقادیر عامل نروتروفیک مشتق از مغز (BDNF) و فاکتور نکروزدهنده توموری آلفا (TNFα) در مردان سالمند بود.در این پژوهش نیمه تجربی 40 مرد سالمند با دامنه سنی 60 تا 70 سال که در سلامت کامل جسمانی و روانی بودند به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب و به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه (تمرین، مکمل، تمرین + مکمل و کنترل) تقسیم شدند. افراد شرکت کننده در گروه های تمرینی به مدت 8 هفته و هر هفته 3 جلسه در برنامه تمرین هوازی پیاده روی شرکت کردند. همچنین گروه های مصرف کننده مکمل روزانه 300 میلی گرم گیاه کندر بسته بندی شده را به شکل جویدنی دریافت کردند. گروه کنترل در این مدت در هیچ مداخله شرکت نکردند. نمونه های خونی ناشتا قبل و 24 ساعت پس از آخرین مداخله ها جمع آوری شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های آماری تی، تحلیل واریانس و آزمون توکی در سطح معناداری 05/0 تجزیه و تحلیل شد.نتایج نشان داد در گروه های تمرین، مکمل و تمرین + مکمل پس از هشت هفته، مقادیر BDNF و TNFαبه ترتیب افزایش و کاهش معناداری نسبت به پیش آزمون داشت (05/0 ≥p). همچنین اختلاف معناداری در مقادیر BDNF وTNFα گروه تمرین + مکمل نسبت به سایر گروه ها مشاهده شد(05/0 ≥p). با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش به نظر می رسد، انجام پیاده روی و مصرف کندر به طور مستقل و ترکیبی باعث افزایش بارزی در بیان BDNF و کاهش بارز عوامل التهابی در مردان سالمند می شود. لذا می توان ترکیب پیاده روی و مصرف کندر را به عنوان یک روش مفیدتر برای حفظ سلامتی و گسترش فواید شناختی و عملکردی مغز و دستگاه عصبی، به سالمندان توصیه نمود.
With increased age, the process of destruction and weakening of the functioning of the organs, including the brain, is predictable. Physical activity and proper nutrition are factors that play an important role in the health of the nervous system. Boswellia serrata is one of the most important herbs in traditional medicine to enhance memory and prevent Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of aerobic exercise course combined with the use of B. serrata on the amounts of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and alpha-tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) in elderly men. In this quasi-experimental study, 40 elderly men aged 60-70 yr old who were in complete physical and mental health were randomly divided into four groups (exercise, supplement, exercise + supplement, and control). Participants in the training groups participated in the aerobic walking training program for 8 and 3 wk each week. Moreover, the daily supplementary groups received B. serrata 300 mg in chewing and packaged form. The control group did not participate in any intervention during this period. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 24 h after the last intervention. Data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance and Tukey at a significance level of 0.05. In the exercise, supplementation, and exercise + supplementation groups after 8 wk, the levels of BDNF and TNFα increased and decreased significantly, respectively (P≤0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in BDNF and TNFα levels in the exercise + supplement group compared to other groups (P≤0.01). Doing walking and consuming B. serrata independently and combined significantly increase the expression of BDNF and significantly reduce the inflammatory factors in elderly men. Therefore, it is recommended that the combination of walking and consumption B. serrata as a more effective way to maintain health and extend the cognitive and functional benefits of the brain and the nervous system to the elderly.
_||_
. اکبری کامرانی، ا.، 1388. حافظه و شناخت. انتشارات دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، مرکز تحقیقات سالمندی، چاپ دوم، صفحات 8-2.
2. Ahangarpour A., Akbari F., Ramezani A., Heidari H., Pakmehr M., Shahbazian H., Ahmadi I., 2013. The effect of Boswellia serrata on blood glucose, insulin level and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Daneshvar Medicine, 20(103): 11-18.
3. Are P.C., Reddy R.R., Puchchakayala G., Puchchakayala A., 2011. Hypoglycemic and Antidiabetic Activity of Glochidion velutinum on Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Type 2 Diabetic. European Journal of Biological Research, 5(4): 126-130.
4. Arieh M., Neta R., Tatiana B., Alex S., Christian C.F., Shai S., 2008. Incensole acetate, an incense component, elicits phychoactivity by activating TRPV3 channels in the brain. FASEB Journal, 22(8): 24-34.
5. Bakhshandeh M., 2008. Relationship between participate in leisure time physical activity and quality of life in active middle age. Amol Shomal University, 4(5): 11-18
6. Blasko I., Marx F., Steiner E., Hartmann T., Grubeck- Loebenstein B., 1999. TNFalpha plus IFNgamma induce the production of Alzheimer beta amyloid peptides and decrease the secretion of APPs. FASEB Journal, 13(1): 63-8.
7. Catanzaro D., Rancan S., Orso G., Dall Acqua S., Brun P., Giron M.C., 2015. Boswellia serrata preserves intestinal epithelial barrier from oxidative and inflammatory damage. PLOS One, 10(5): 12-25.
8. Chronic E., Senba C., Kubo Y., Morikawa H., Imbe S., 2005. Expression mRNA BDNF reduces, stress acute as well as stress robustly less but hippocampus rat. Research Neuroscience, 2(53): 129-139.
9. Davis R.N., Massman P.J., Doody R.S., 2001. Cognitive Intervention in Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled study. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 15(1): 1-9.
10. Esposito K., Giugliano F., Di Palo C., Giugliano G., Masella M., Marfella R., 2003. Effect of weight loss and lifestyle changes on vascular inflammatory markers in obese women: a randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2(9): 1799-1804.
11. Golden E., Emiliano A., Maudsley S., Windham B.G., Carlson O.D., Egan J.M., Mattson M.P., 2010. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor and indices of metabolic and cardiovascular health: data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. PloS one, 5(4): e10099.
12. Gomez-Pinilla F., Ying Z., Opazo P., 2004. Differential regulation by exercise of
BDNF and NT-3 in rat spinal cord and skeletal muscle. European Journal of Neuroscience, 13(6): 1078-84.
13. Hosseinpour S., Behpour N., Tadibi V., Ramezankhani A., 2017. The Effect of 12 Weeks of Cognitive Motor Integrated Exercises on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the Elderly with Dementia. Journal of Sport Biosciences, 9(2): 223-241.
14. Jiao S.S., Shen L.L., Zhu C., 2016. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protects against tau-related neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease”. Translational Psychiatry, 4(10): 907-912
15. Krabbe K.S., Nielsen A.R., Krogh-Madsen R., Plomgaard P., Rasmussen P., Erikstrup C., 2007. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 50(4): 431-438.
16. Kulkarni R.R., Patki P.S., Jog V.P., Gandage S., Gand Patwadhan B., 1991. Treatment of osteoarthritis with a herbomineral formulation: a double-blind, placebo- controlled, crossover study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 33(1-2): 91-95.
17. Lang U.E., Hellweg R., Seifert F., Schubet F., Gallinat J., 2007. Correlation between serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and an in vivo marker of cortical integrity. Biological Psychiatry, 62(5): 530-535.
18. Meek S., Murrell S.A., 2001. Contribution of education to health and life satisfaction in older adults mediated by negative affect. Journal of Aging and Health, 13(1): 92-119.
19. Meek T.H., Wisse B.E., Thaler J.P., Guyenet S.J., Matsen M.E., Fischer J.D., 2013. BDNF action in the brain attenuates diabetic hyperglycemia via insulin-independent inhibition of hepatic glucose production. Diabetes, 62(11): 1512-1518.
20. Miller A.H., Maletic V., Raison C.L., 2009. Inflammation and its discontents: the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of major depression. Biological Psychiatry, 65(8): 732-741.
21. Mirmoezzi M., Amini M., Khaledan A., Khorshidi D., 2016. Effect of 8-Week of Selected Aerobic Exercise on Static and Dynamic Balance in Healthy Elderly Inactive Men. Iranian Journal of Ageing, 11(1): 202-209
22. Nikbakht F., Shahedi A., Sheibani V., 2008.Effect of enalapril on brain edema and cytokine manufactured after cerebral ischemia in rats Syrian capital. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 15(3): 10-12.
23. Osali A., Eskandari M., 2016. The Effect of three months aerobic exercise with moderate intensity on serum BDNF and TNF-α in women with metabolic syndrome. 59(4): 242-251
24. Ozbeyli D., Çakir O.K., 2017. The effects of different exercise modalities in Alzheimer's. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 7(1): 27-32.
25. Patanella A.K., Zinno M., Quaranta D., Nociti V., Frisullo G., Gainotti G., 2010. Correlations between peripheral blood mononuclear cell production of BDNF, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and cognitive performances in multiple sclerosis patients. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 88(8): 1106-1112.
26. Polydoro M., Acker C.M., Duff K., Castillo P.E., Davies P., 2009. Age-dependent impairment of cognitive and synaptic function in the htau mouse model of tau pathology. Journal of Neuroscience, 29(34): 10741-10749.
27. Ravasi A., Aminian T., Gaini A., 2005.The effect of endurance training on pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in obese men. Harkat, 5(28): 41-52.
28. Siahmard Z., Alaei H., Reisi P., Pilehvarian A.A., 2012. Evaluation of the effects of red grape juice on alzheimer's disease in rats. Journal of Medical School, 29(167): 2383-2390.
29. Singh G.B., Atal C.K., 1986. Pharmacology of an extract of salai guggal ex-Boswellia serrata, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Agents Action, 13 (3-4): 407-4012.
30. Shayan A., Bagherzadeh F., Shahbazi M., Choobineh S., 2006. The effect of two types of exercise (endurance and resistance) on attention and brain derived neurotropic factor levels in sedentary students. Development and Motor Learning (Harakat), 6(5): 433-452.
31. Szatmari E., Kalita K.B., Kharebava G., Hetman M., 2007. Role of kinase suppressor of Ras-1 in neuronal survival signaling by extracellular signal - regulated kinase 1/2. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(42), 11389-11400.
32. Tapia-Arancibia L., Rage F., Givalois, L., 2004. Physiology of BDNF: focus on hypothalamic function. Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 25(2): 77-107.
33. Vosadi E., Barzegar H., Borjianfard M., 2014. The Effect of Endurance Training and High-Fat Diet in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the Male Adult Rat Hippocampus. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 16(10): 84-92.
34. Yaffe K., Lindquist K., Penninx B.W., Simonsick E.M., Pahor M., Kritchevsky S., 2003. Inflammatory markers and cognition in well-functioning African-American and white elders. Neurology, 61(6): 76-80.
35. Yaghoubi A., Saghebjoo M., Fallah Mohammadi Z., Hedayati M., Hajizadeh Moghaddam A., 2016. Effects of Continuous Training Intensity on Amyloid Beta1-42(Aβ1-42) Levels in Hippocampus of Homocysteine-Induced Alzheimer's Model Rats. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 18(11): 83-93.
36. Yassin N.A., El-Shenawy S.M., Mahdy K.A., Gouda N.A., Marrie A.E., Farrag A.R, 2013. Effect of Boswellia serrata on Alzheimer’s disease induced in rats.Journal of the Arab Society for Medical Research, 8(5):1-11.
37. You T., Berman D.M., Ryan A.S., Nicklas B.J., 2004. Effects of hypocaloric diet and exercise training on inflammation and adipocyte lipolysis in obese postmenopausal woman. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 4(17): 39-46.
38. Zaker S.R., Beheshti S., Aghaie R., Noorbakhshnia M., 2015. Effect of olibanum on a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. Physiology and Pharmacology, 18(4): 477-89.
39. Zar A., Hoseini S., Amirhosseini S., Siavashi N., 2016. The effects of eight weeks of endurance training on BDNF, insulin and insulin resistance in rats. Armaghane danesh, 21(3): 238-248
40. Zoladz J.A., Pilc A., 2010. The effect of physical activity on the brain derived neurotrophic factor: from animal to human studies. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 61(5): 533-541.
