واکاوی ابعاد و مولفه های ارزیابی عملکرد نظارتی دیوان عالی کشور بر حسن اجرای قوانین با نگرش اسلامی و قرآنی در محاکم
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق خصوصی و تجارت
نادر نجد
1
(گروه حقوق خصوصی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
حسن پاشازاده
2
(گروه حقوق خصوصی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران. )
علیرضا نوجوان
3
(گروه حقوق خصوصی ، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران. )
کلید واژه: دیوان عالی کشور, اجرای قوانین, نقش نظارتی, آرای دادگاه‌ها, بررسی‌های قضایی,
چکیده مقاله :
دیوان عالی کشور، عالی‌ترین مرجع قضایی در ایران است که به‌منظور نظارت بر اجرای صحیح قوانین در محاکم و ایجاد وحدت رویه قضایی که طبق قانون به آن محول می‌شود، براساس ضوابطی که رئیس قوه قضاییه تعیین می‌کند، تشکیل‌شده است. مطابق ماده 3 قانون تعیین موارد تجدیدنظر احکام دادگاه‌ها و نحوه رسیدگی آن‌ها مصوب مهرماه 1367، دیوان عالی کشور، مرجع بررسی، نقض یا ابرام احکام دادگاه کیفری یک و حقوقی یک و مدنی خاص و دادگاه انقلاب، دیوان عالی کشور است. رسیدگی در شعب دیوان عالی کشور به‌صورت شکلی است و شعبه دیوان عالی کشور پس از بررسی پرونده و حکم دادگاه و تطبیق موارد با قانون، اگر حکم دادگاه را صحیح و منطبق با قانون و موازین شرعی تشخیص دهد، آن را ابرام می‌کند و رسیدگی قضایی خاتمه می‌یابد. یافته‌های این مقاله در بررسی عملکرد نظارتی دیوان نشان می‌دهد که بر طبق ماده ۳۹۲ قانون آیین دادرسی مدنی، این دیوان ضمن رسیدگی به پرونده قضایی، اگر از قضات پرونده تخلف مشاهده کند، باید اعمال قانون کند و این موضوع نیازمند نظارت توأم قضایی و انتظامی است زیرا نظارت انتظامی و قضایی جداگانه معنا ندارد زیرا منجر به اطاله دادرسی و سوءاستفاده اشخاص می‌شود. از طرفی دیگر، دیوان به علت تعدد مراجع نظارتی از وحدت نظارت برخوردار نیست؛ بنابراین دیوان عالی کشور باید به‌صورت جامع و متمرکز نظارت خود را اعمال کند. در حال حاضر، دیوان در بحث اطاله دادرسی، تزلزل آرای قضایی و مشکلات قضایی مردم وارد نمی‌شود و ظرفیت‌هایش در این زمینه‌ها بدون استفاده و متروک مانده است.
The Supreme Court of Iran is the highest judicial authority in Iran, which was formed in order to monitor the correct implementation of laws in the courts and to establish the unity of the judicial procedure assigned to it according to the law, based on the criteria determined by the head of the judiciary. According to Article 3 of the Law on Determining the Appeals of Court Judgments and the Procedure for Handling them, approved in October 1367, the Supreme Court is the authority for reviewing, violating or upholding the judgments of the First Criminal Court, the First Legal Court, and the Special Civil Court and the Revolutionary Court. Proceedings in the branches of the Supreme Court of Iran are formal, and after examining the case and the court verdict and comparing the cases with the law, if the Supreme Court judges the verdict to be correct and in accordance with the law and Shariah standards, it approves it and the judicial proceedings are terminated. Finds. The findings of this article in the review of the court's supervisory performance show that according to Article 392 of the Civil Procedure Law, this court, while examining the judicial case, if it observes a violation by the judges of the case, it must apply the law and this issue requires judicial and disciplinary supervision. Because separate disciplinary and judicial supervision does not make sense because it leads to the delay of proceedings and abuse of persons. On the other hand, the court does not have the unity of supervision due to the multiplicity of supervisory authorities; Therefore, the Supreme Court should exercise its supervision comprehensively and centrally.
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