اثر تراكم کاشت و محلول پاشی اوره بر عملكرد و پروتئین دانه گندم دوروم
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعياكبر قاسمي پور 1 , علی نصرالله زاده اصل 2
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت ، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، خوي – ايران
2 - گروه کشاورزی-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی خوی
کلید واژه: پروتئين, شاخص برداشت, گندم, عملکرد,
چکیده مقاله :
این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثرات تراكم كاشت و محلول¬پاشی اوره روي عملكرد و درصد پروتئین گندم دوروم رقم آريا، در سال زراعي90-1389 در مزرعه ای واقع در 20 کیلو متری شمال شرقی شهرستان خوی به¬صورت فاكتوريل بر پايه طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي با دو عامل و سه تكرار اجرا شد. تراكم كاشت به عنوان عامل اول در 3 سطح (300، 400 و 500 بوته در متر مربع) و محلول پاشی نيتروژن به عنوان عامل دوم در 4 سطح (شاهد، مرحله پنجه زنی، مرحله ساقه روی و مرحله گلدهی) در نظر گرفته شدند. نتايج نشان دادند كه اثر تراكم كاشت بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، طول سنبله، تعداد سنبلچه در سنبله، درصد پروتئین دانه، شاخص برداشت و عملکرد دانه معنی دار بود. بيشترين عملكرد دانه به میزان 9/6 تن در هکتار از تراكم 500 بوته در متر مربع و کمترین عملكرد دانه نیز به میزان 19/5 تن در هکتار از تراكم 300 بوته در متر مربع بدست آمد. اثر محلول پاشی اوره نیز روی صفات مذکور به غیر از وزن هزار دانه معنی دار بود. بيشترين عملكرد دانه به میزان 74/6 تن در هکتار با محلول پاشی اوره در مرحله پنجه زنی مشاهده شد که نسبت به شاهد عملکرد دانه حدود 10 درصد افزایش یافت. در این آزمایش بیشترین درصد پروتئین دانه از تراکم 300 بوته در متر مربع و محلول¬پاشی اوره در مرحله گلدهی حاصل شد.
In order to evaluate the plant density and foliar application of urea fertilizer impact on yield and yield components of Durum wheat var. Arya, an experiment was carried out in 20km north east of Khoy during 2010 = 11. The fist factor plant density was in three levels (300, 400, 500 grain in m2 ) , the second factor, foliar application of urea fertilizer in four levels ( control, stage of tillering, stage of stem extension and stage of flowering ) were considered. The result of variation analysis showed that the effect of plant density on number of spike in m2,number of grain in spike, weight of 1000 grains, number of spiklet in spike, protein percentage, grain yield and harvest index were significant. The highest grain yield (6.9 ton/ha ) obtained from density of 300 grain in m2. And the minimum grain yield ( 5.19 ton/ha ) was attained from density of 300 grain in m2.The effect of foliar application of urea fertilizer on traits except to weight of 1000 grains was important. The highest grain yield (6.74 ton/ha ) was obtained from foliar applications of nitrogen fertilizer in the stage of tillering and grain yield increased about 10% compared with control. In addition to this experiment the maximum grain protein percentage was attained from plant density of 500 grain in m2 and foliar application of urea fertilizer in the stage of flowering.
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