رستم‌ستیزی و سهراب‌پروری؛ کنشی در جهت برجسته‌سازی گفتمان دهۀ هفتاد
محورهای موضوعی : حماسه
اعظم نیک‌خواه فاردقی
1
,
سمیرا بامشکی
2
1 - دانش‌جوی دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - استادیار زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران (نویسنده مسؤول)
کلید واژه: رستم و سهراب, برجسته‌سازی, به‌حاشیه‌رانی, تضعیف, گشتار,
چکیده مقاله :
ادبیات در کنار رسالت‌های مختلفی که دارد، عهده‌دار رسالت اجتماعی نیز هست. آفرینندگان آثار ادبی در آفرینش‌های خود کم‌وبیش به بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی روزگارشان نظر دارند و از آن تأثیر می‌گیرند. آن‌ها گاه نسبت به این روی‌دادها موضع موافق دارند و گاه مخالف و این موضع را به اشکال گوناگون و با استفاده از عناصر مختلف در اثر خود بازنمایی می‌کنند. فراخوانی شخصیت‌های حماسی/ اسطوره‌ای به رمان یکی از این عناصر است که نویسندگان را به‌خوبی در این مسیر یاری می‌رساند. عده‌ای از رمان‌نویسان این شخصیت‌ها را به اثر خود فرامی‌خوانند تا ضمن بازنمایی گفتمان‌های فرامتن، به فراخور موضع موافق یا مخالف خود، برخی گفتمان‌های مسلط بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی را تقویت یا تضعیف کنند. در پژوهش حاضر در پی پاسخ به این پرسش هستیم که نویسندۀ سهراب‌کشان چرا و چگونه شخصیت‌های حماسی را به اثرش فرامی‌خواند؟ یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر که با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا به دست آمده است، نشان می‌دهد نویسندۀ سهراب‌کشان شخصیت‌های حماسی را به رمان خود می‌آورد تا ضمن تضعیف و به‌حاشیه‌بردن گفتمان رقیب، برخی گفتمان‌های مسلط در روزگار تولید اثرش را تقویت و برجسته کند؛ به‌عبارت بهتر، او که خود یکی از کنش‌گران بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی و از موافقان گفتمان مسلط نیز هست، با فراخواندن شخصیت‌هایی چون سهراب و رستم به رمان و گشتار کنش آن دو، ابتدا برخی مبانی فکری گفتمان‌های روزگار خود؛ ازجمله نوع روی‌کرد این گفتمان‌ها نسبت به زنان و جوانان را بازنمایی می‌کند، سپس مبانی فکری گفتمان مدنظر خود، یعنی اصلاحات را به‌گونه‌ای برجسته می‌سازد که از این طریق بتواند گفتمان رقیب را به‌حاشیه برد.
In addition to its various missions, literature is also responsible for social prophecy. The creators of literary works view social political context of their time and are influenced by them. Sometimes they are for and at times they are against the events that take place around them. They show and represent their standpoint in variety of ways using different elements in their works. Calling forth epic mythological characters in novels is one of the elements that help authors achieve their ends. Certain novelists depending on the favorable or unfavorable position they adopt, invite such characters not only to represent infra textual discourses but also to reinforce or weaken some dominant political social context discourses. The present article seeks to find the answer to this question that how and why the author of Sohrabkoshan calls the epic characters to his work? The results obtained by using the content analysis method show that the author brings the epic characters in his novel in order to weaken and marginalize the rival’s discourse and hence highlight certain dominant discourse of his time. In other words, the author who is one of the activists in the social political context and is also a proponent of the dominant discourse by calling characters such as Sohrab and Rostam to his novel and by the transformation of their acts in the first place represent some intellectual foundations of discourses of his time, namely the discourses and type of approaches regarding women and the youth, and in the second place highlight the intellectual foundation of the discourse he had in mind that is reform, is accentuated to the point that he could marginalize rival’s discourse.
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