نقش مادر در تربیت اخلاقی کودک از منظر روانشناختی و اندیشه امام موسی صدر
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی
1 - دانشیار، گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
کلید واژه: تربیت اخلاقی کودک, روانشناختی, امام موسی صدر,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از پژوهش حاضر تبیین نقش مادر در تربیت اخلاقی کودک از منظر روانشناختی و اندیشه امام موسی صدر بود. جامعه پژوهش تمامی متون روانشناختی و مقاله‌های مرتبط با آثار امام موسی صدر بود. نمونه پژوهش متون مرتبط با نقش مادر در مورد تربیت اخلاقی بود. روش پژوهش، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از روش کتابخانه‌ای جهت متون و منابع مرتبط با موضوع استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با روش تحلیل محتوی انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که از دیدگاه بالبی شخصیت و رفتار کودک ناشی از چگونگی شکل‌گیری دلبستگی او می‌باشد و مادر عامل اصلی شکل‌گیری این فرآیند است. پیاژه نیز معتقد است که رشد و بلوغ اخلاقی بر رشد و بلوغ شناختی مبتنی است و تحول در شناخت منشأ انگیزه اخلاقی است. همچنین کلبرگ معتقد است که کودکان در جریان تجربه‌های خود به مفاهیم اخلاقی دست می‌یابند. امام موسی صدر هم معتقد است که باید بر اساس آموزه‌های دینی به تربیت کودک اقدام کرد و چهار شیوه تربیت را گزارش میکند. اول امرونهی مربی؛ دوم اقناع ذهن و دل متربی؛ سوم توجه به فضای مناسب و محیط فرد یا گروه تربیت‌شونده و چهارم تحول عمیق در نگرش کلی به جهان هستی و زندگی و ارتباط با هدف تربیتی که شیوه قرآن کریم است. از دیدگاه امام موسی صدر، مادر آگاه و مؤمن سنگ بنای تولد کودک مؤمن است و بر پایه شخصیت مادر، بینش راهبردی و عواطف کودک شکل می‌گیرد. در نتیجه‌گیری کلی مادر نقش بسزائی در رشد ارزش‌های اخلاقی، فرهنگی، ملی و مذهبی کودک دارد.
The purpose of the research was to examine the mother role in child moral education from psychological stand and Imam Musa Sadr reflections. The universe of the research encompassed all psychological texts and articles related to Imam Musa Sadr reflections. The sample enfolded all texts considering mother role in child moral upbringing. The method was descriptive-analytical. To attain data library procedure was processed. The data was analyzed via content analysis. The results indicated that from Bowlby's point of view, the child's personality and behavior are caused by how her/his attachment is formed and the mother is the main factor in the formation of this process. Piaget also believed that moral growth and maturity would be based on cognitive growth and maturity and the change in knowledge would be the source of moral motivation. Also, Kohlberg believed that children acquire moral concepts during their experiences. Imam Musa Sadr also believed that children should be educated based on religious teachings. He reported four methods of education. First, the coach ordinance and prohibition; second, the persuasion of the educated mind and heart; thirdly, paying attention to the appropriate atmosphere and environment of the person or group being trained, and fourthly, a deep transformation in the general attitude towards the universe and life and the connection with the goal of education which is the method of the Holy Quran. From Imam Musa Sadr's point of view, a knowledgeable and believing mother is the cornerstone for the birth of a believing child and based on the mother's personality, the child's strategic vision and emotions are formed. In conclusion, the mother has a great role in the development of moral, cultural, national and religious values of the child.
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