تعیین تنوع ژنتیکی Fusarium solani عامل پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه ی گوجه فرنگی با استفاده از گروه های سازگار رویشی

محورهای موضوعی : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

محمدرضا پروین ¹ , رضا فرخی نژاد ²

1 - دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1392/08/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1392/08/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/10/01

کلید واژه: خوزستان, solani Fusarium, گوجه‌فرنگی, گروه‌های سازگار رویشی(VCGs),

چکیده مقاله :

در پاییز 1388 از مناطق مختلف استان خوزستان در مجموع 79 جدایه Fusarium solani از ریشه و طوقه‌ی گوجه‌فرنگی جداسازی گردید. بیماری­زایی جدایه­ها و همچنین تنوع ژنتیکی آن‌ها با استفاده از VCG مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمون بیماری­زایی جدایه­ها نشان داد که تمام جدایه­های مورد آزمایش این گونه بیماری­زا هستند. برای تولید موتانت ­نیت از محیط کشت زاپک کلرات (CDAC) حاوی 5% کلرات پتاسیم و رزبنگال استفاده شد. کلاس فنوتیپی موتانت­های نیت بر اساس نحوه­ی رشدشان روی محیط­کشت پایه حاوی یکی از چهار منبع ازت نیترات، نیتریت، آمونیوم و هیپوزانتین تعیین شد. بر این اساس 68% از موتانت­های نیت در کلاس فنوتیپی nit1، 18% آنها در کلاس فنوتیپی nit3 و 14% آنها در کلاس فنوتیپی nitM قرار گرفتند. مکمل­سازی بین  موتانت­های نیت جدایه­ها روی محیط­کشت حداقل انجام شد و جدایه­ها در 25 گروه سازگار رویشی قرار گرفتند. در این مطالعه رابطه­ی مشخصی بین VCG و منطقه­ی جغرافیایی مشاهده نگردید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Seventy nine isolates of Fusarium solani were obtained from crown and root rotted parts of tomato plants collected from different regions of Khuzestan province during autumn 2009 using Nash-Snyder medium. Pathogenicity of isolates was tested on potted tomato seedlings of cultivar Primo at 2-leaf stage, under field conditions. Genetic diversity among F. solani isolates was also studied using vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Pathogenicity tests revealed that all the isolates were pathogenic. In order to determine VCGs, nit mutants were generated on culture medium CDAC supplemented with 5% KClO₃ and Rose Bengal. Using this medium collectively 631 nit mutants were recovered. Nit mutants were divided into 3 phenotypic classes, nit1 (68%), nit3 (18%) and NitM (14%) according to their growth pattern on basal media containing one of four nitrogen sources: sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, hypoxantine and ammonium tartrate. Complementation test among nit mutants placed isolates into 25 vegetatively compatible groups. In this investigation no relation was observed between VCGs and geographic regions.

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