واکنش به کلرات در جدایه های مختلف Macrophomina phaseolina و رابطه ی آن با بیماری زایی جدایه‌ها

محورهای موضوعی : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

یلدا واصبی ¹ (دانشجوی سابق گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران.)
ناصر صفایی ² (دانشیار گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1392/08/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1392/08/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/10/01

کلید واژه: بیماری زایی, حساس, مقاوم, فنوتیپ کلرات و Macrophomina phaseolina,

چکیده مقاله :

     یازده جدایه بیمارگر قارچ Macrophomina phaseolina از میزبانان مختلف شامل سویا، آفتابگردان، طالبی، خربزه و گندم از استان­های مختلف کشور جداسازی گردیده و از نظر واکنش به کلرات پتاسیم بر روی محیط غذایی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. بدین منظور جدایه­ها در محیط غذایی کمینه حاوی 120 میلی مولار کلرات پتاسیم کشت شدند. نتایج به­دست آمده نشان داد که جدایه­های مورد بررسی از نظر واکنش به کلرات در دو گروه قرار گرفتند که 5/54 درصد جدایه­ها مقاوم به کلرات بوده و فنوتیپ رشد متراکم داشتند. نتایج آزمون بیماری­زایی جدایه­ها بر روی گیاه سویا در گلخانه نشان داد که بین شدت پوسیدگی ریشه سویا و واکنش جدایه­ها به کلرات پتاسیم رابطه­ی نزدیکی وجود دارد، به ­طوری که جدایه­های M21 و M30  با واکنش مقاوم به کلرات و فنوتیپ رشد متراکم به ­عنوان بیماری­زاترین جدایه­ها شناسایی شدند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Eleven isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina, isolated from various hosts (soybean, sunflower, cantaloupe, muskmelon, wheat) in different provinces were assayed for reaction to potassium chlorate on nutrient medium. The isolates were grown on minimal medium amended with 120 mM potassium chlorate. The results showed that isolates were separated into two groups of which 54.5 % were chlorate-resistant and showed dense phenotype. The results of pathogenicity tests on soybean plants in green house showed that there was positive correlation between soybean root rot and reaction to potassium chlorate. The M-21 and M-30 isolates with chlorate-resistant reaction and dense phenotype were recognized as the most virulent isolates.

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