نقد اجتماعی نکاح متعه در داستان رستم و سهراب

محورهای موضوعی : زن و جامعه

زهرا درویشعلی زاده ¹ , علیرضا صالحی ² , علی عین علیلو ³

1 - دانش¬آموخته دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن، تهران، ایران
2 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/08/23 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/03/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/11/15

کلید واژه: زن, نکاح متعه, عدم تعهّد, رستم, سهراب, تهمینه,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: نکاح متعه در داستان رستم و سهراب که سبب بی ­قاعدگی و بروز بحران شده، عدم توانایی زادآوران آن را در گردانش این امر نشان می ­دهد. آنچه­ که این نکاح را مکروه جلوه می­ دهد، عدم تعهّد (گاموفوبیا) رستم است که نتوانسته اسـتعدادهاي بالفعـل سهراب را شکوفا کند. مسئله آن است که رستم از برای موقعیت اجتماعی فرصت پرداختن به مسائل شخصی را پیدا نمی­ کند ­و در امر نکاح با عدم تعهّد مواجه می ­شود. هدف پژوهش، تعیین سرنوشت مولّدان این نکاح است که پا به عرصه حیات می­ گذارند.

روش: این جستار با روش توصیفی نشان می­ دهد نکاح رستم و تهمینه از چه نوعی بوده و چه عواملی سبب پیش­آمد و پیامدهای منفی آن شده­ است؟  

یافته­ ها: این داستان براساس موقعیت زمانی و اسطوره­ای طرح گردیده و بیانگر وضعیت تهمینه، اتّکا به نوع انتخاب همسر و توانایی او نسبت به پرورش فرزند در قیاس با قرن حاضر است که خالی از بحران نبوده. مطابق یافته­ ها، رستم و تهمینه به ­طور یکسان در ایجاد تراژدی داستان نقش داشته ­اند. نکاح آنها از نوع موقت و اوگ­زن، ازدواج با بیگانه و برون­ همسري است. عواملی چون رخش بالاترین و هوا و بی­خردي پایین ­ترین عامل شکل­ گیری این نکاح بوده­ اند. مسئله گمان نیز کم‌‌ترین و مرگ بیش‌ترین پیامد آسیب‌پذیری را داشته ­اند که به ­گونه ضمنی برخاسته از آزمندی بوده­ است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction: The temporary marriage in the story of Rostam and Sohrab, which has caused chaos and crisis, shows the inability of the people who created it to turn this around. What makes this marriage disgusting is Rostam's non-commitment (gamophobia), which failed to develop Sohrab's real talents.

The problem is that Rostam does not find the opportunity to deal with personal issues because of his social status, and he is faced with a lack of commitment in the matter of marriage. 

The purpose of the research is to determine the fate of the children of this marriage who enter the stage of life.

Methods: This essay shows with a descriptive method what kind of marriage Rostam and Tehmina was and what factors caused its occurrence and negative consequences.

Findings: This story is designed according to the historical and mythological situation and shows the situation of Tahmina, relying on the type of choice of spouse and her ability to raise children in comparison with the current century, which was not without crisis. According to the findings, Rostam and Tehmina equally played a role in creating the tragedy of the story. Their marriage is a temporary type of marriage, a marriage with a foreigner, and polygamy. Factors such as splendor are the highest and air and stupidity are the lowest factors in the formation of this marriage. Suspicion was the least and death was the most vulnerable outcome, which implicitly arose from experimentation.

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