استفاده از میکرومورفولوژی جلای بیابان جهت تعیین سن عوارض ژئومورفیک و ردیابی تغییرات آب و هوایی دوره کواترنر در شمال شرق ایران
محورهای موضوعی : ژئو مورفولوژی
منصور صادقی
1
,
علی محمد نورمحمدی
2
1 - دکترای ژئومورفولوژی و مدیریت محیط، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 - دکترای ژئومورفولوژی و مدیریت محیط، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: انرژی پراکنی اشعه X, میکرومورفولوژی جلای بیابان, نسبت کاتیونی, تغییرات آب و هوایی کواترنر,
چکیده مقاله :
جلای سنگ شامل پوشش بسیار نازک در حد نانومتر تا میکرومتر، با تنوعی از رنگهای نارنجی متمایل به زرد تا مشکی میباشد که بر روی سطوح سنگها خصوصاً در محیطهای بیابانی گرم و خشک تشکیل میشود. بیشترین مواد سازنده جلای سنگ از ماده معدنی رس میباشد عجلای بیابان در مراحل شکلگیری خود، قابلیتهای منحصربهفردی را در ثبت و ذخیره عوامل و فرایندهای محیطی از جمله نواسانات اقلیمی دارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ردیابی تغییرات آب و هوایی و سنیابی اشکال ژئومورفیک بیابانهای شمال شرق ایران در دوره کواترنر صورت گرفته است. بر همین اساس، ابتدا نمونهها از سطوح مختلف ژئومورفیک جمعآوری و برای انجام آزمایشهای لازم به آزمایشگاه انتقال یافت. پس از انجام تجزیه و تحلیلهای مقتضی با استفاده از میکروسکوپ الکترون و تحلیلهای انرژی پراکنی اشعه، ویژگیهای فیزیکی جلای سنگ مثل عناصر شیمیایی، ضخامت، میکروچینهشناسی و مورفولوژی آن مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. یافتهها نشان داد جلای سنگها از نظر رنگ، بافت و اجزای سازنده با سنگ‌های میزبان خود متفاوت بوده و در شرایط اقلیمی بسیار خشک توام با فرایندهای بادی و گرد و غبار شدید جوی، شکل گرفتهاند. وجود درصد بالاتر آهن نسبت به منگنز نشانگر حاکمیت اقلیم خشک در زمان شکلگیری جلاها میباشد. همچنین بررسی کاتیونی آنها نشان داد، به احتمال خیلی زیاد تشکیل آنها با شروع دوره خشکی ابتدای هولوسن همزمان بوده باشد بر همین اساس قدیمیترین اشکال ژئومورفولوژیکی موجود در منطقه، دشت ریگی و رسوبات آبرفتی قدیمی و جوانترین آنها اینسلبرگها میباشند.
Stone polish consists of a very thin coating ranging from nanometers to micrometers, with a variety of colors ranging from orange to yellow to black, which is formed on the surfaces of stones, especially in hot and dry desert environments. The current research was carried out with the aim of tracking climate changes and dating the geomorphic forms of the northeastern deserts of Iran in the Quaternary period. Based on this, first, samples were collected from different geomorphic levels and transferred to the laboratory to perform the necessary tests. After conducting appropriate analyzes using electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), the physical characteristics of stone polish such as chemical elements, thickness, microstratigraphy and morphology were studied. took The findings showed that the polished stones are different from their host stones in terms of color, texture and components, and they were formed in very dry climatic conditions with windy processes and severe atmospheric dust. The presence of a higher percentage of iron than manganese indicates the rule of dry climate during the formation of glazes. Also, their cation analysis showed that it is very likely that their formation coincided with the beginning of the dry period at the beginning of the Holocene. Accordingly, the oldest geomorphological forms in the region are sandy plains and old alluvial sediments, and the youngest ones are inselbergs
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