بلایای ‌طبیعی، نوآوری زیست‌محیطی و تولید سرانه در ایران

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی

وحید عزیزی ¹ , بختیار جواهری ² , فاتح حبیبی ³

1 - کارشناس‌ارشد اقتصاد ‌نظری، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران، [e-mail]
2 - دانشیار، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)، [e-mail]
3 - دانشیار، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران، [e-mail]

تاریخ دریافت : 1403/07/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/08/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/08/29

کلید واژه: تولید سرانه, نوآوری زیست‌محیطی, بلایای طبیعی, ایران ,

چکیده مقاله :

بلایای طبیعی، رخدادهای تصادفی و ناگهانی هستند که با اختلال در عوامل تولید، مصرف و اشتغال، عملکرد سیستم اقتصادی مناطق متأثر را مختل کرده و آثار منفی فوری بر تولید ملی، رشد و توسعه اقتصادی جوامع بر جای می‌گذارند. نوآوری‌های زیست‌محیطی راهکاری مؤثر برای کاهش خسارات ناشی از بلایای‌ طبیعی و افزایش تاب‌آوری جوامع هستند. این نوآوری‌ها می‌توانند به بهبود مدیریت منابع طبیعی، کاهش خطرات ناشی از بلایا و ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی کمک کنند. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش نوآوری زیست ‌محیطی در رابطه بین بلایای طبیعی و تولید سرانه در ایران است. بدین‌منظور، از رویکرد حداقل مربعات معمولی پویا طی دوره زمانی 1359 تا 1401 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که نوآوری زیست‌محیطی اثر مثبتی بر تولید سرانه دارد؛ درحالی که بلایای طبیعی و متغیر تعامل بین بلایای طبیعی و نوآوری زیست­محیطی اثر منفی بر تولید سرانه در ایران دارند. همچنین، یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که نوآوری می‌تواند شدت اثر بلایا بر تولید سرانه را کاهش دهد. سایر نتایج نیز نشان می‌دهند که تحریم‌های اقتصادی اثری منفی و عواملی مانند نیروی کار، سرمایه فیزیکی و آزادسازی تجاری اثری مثبت بر تولید سرانه دارند. براساس یافته‌ها، توصیه می‌شود که علاوه­بر تدوین و اجرای راهبردهای مقابله با حوادث طبیعی، توجه ویژه‌ای به توسعه و ترویج فناوری‌های مرتبط با محیط‌زیست نیز صورت گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Natural disasters are unpredictable events that disrupt the economic system of affected regions by impairing production, consumption, and employment, leading to immediate negative impacts on national output. In this context, eco-innovation is proposed as a key solution to mitigate the losses from natural disasters and enhance societal resilience. Eco-innovations can reduce disaster risks and improve overall quality of life. The aim of this study is to examine the role of eco-innovation in the relationship between natural disasters and GDP per capita in Iran. To achieve this, the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) estimation approach was employed to analyze data from 1980 to 2022. The results indicate that eco-innovation positively affects GDP per capita, while natural disasters and the interaction variable (disasters and innovation) have a negative impact. Additionally, the findings suggest that innovation helps reduce the severity of the impact of disasters on GDP per capita. Furthermore, the study reveals that economic sanctions negatively affect GDP per capita, while factors such as labor, physical capital, and trade liberalization have a positive effect.

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