بررسی تأثیر آزادی رسانه بر شاخص توسعه انسانی کشورهای جنوب غرب آسیا با رویکرد دینامیک
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت رسانهسیدمحمدقائم ذبیحی 1 , محمدطاهر احمدی شادمهری 2 , نرگس صالح نیا 3 , نساء کمالیان 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: آزادی رسانه, شاخص توسعه انسانی, کنترل فساد, کشورهای جنوب غرب آسیا,
چکیده مقاله :
تأثیر مطبوعات آزاد بر توسعه شاید هرگز به درستی ارزیابی نشده است. محاسبه چنین تأثیری اگر غیرممکن نباشد، بسیار دشوار است. با اینحال، هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر آزادی رسانه بر شاخص توسعه انسانی (HDI) در مجموعهای از 21 کشور جنوب غرب آسیا در بازه زمانی سالیانه 2002 الی 2020 است. به جهت بررسی و سنجش این ارتباط از روش اقتصادسنجی دادههای تابلویی پویا و رویکرد گشتاورهای تعمیم یافته دو مرحلهای سیستمی (SGMM) استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از مدل تصریح شده مبین آن است که آزادی رسانه بر شاخص توسعه انسانی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری داشته و با یک واحد افزایش در شاخص آزادی رسانه شاخص توسعه انسانی به میزان 4.290 واحد افزایش مییابد. همچنین سایر متغیرهای این پژوهش از جمله تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه و تعداد کاربران اینترنت نیز با یک درصد افزایش شاخص توسعه انسانی را به ترتیب به میزان 2.290 و 6.101 واحد افزایش میدهند و بر این اساس یک رابطه مثبت و معنادار برای هر دو متغیر به دست آمد. همچنین متغیر شاخص کنترل فساد نیز بر شاخص توسعه انسانی تأثیر منفی و معناداری داشته و با یک واحد افزایش در شاخص کنترل فساد شاخص توسعه انسانی به میزان 0.006 واحد کاهش خواهد یافت
The impact of a free press on development may never have been properly assessed. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to calculate such an effect. However, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of media freedom on the Human Development Index (HDI) in a group of 21 countries in Southwest Asia in the annual period from 2002 to 2020. To investigate and measure this relationship, the dynamic panel data econometrics method and the generalized two-stage system torque (SGMM) approach have been used. The results of the specified model show that media freedom has a positive and significant effect on the human development index and with one unit increase in the media freedom index, the human development index increases by 4.290 units. Also, other variables of this study, such as GDP per capita and the number of Internet users, increase the human development index by one percent to 2.290 and 6.101 units, respectively, and therefore a positive and significant relationship for both variables was obtained. In addition, the variable of the corruption control index has a negative and significant effect on the human development index and with one unit increase in the corruption control index, the human development index will decrease by 0.006 units
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