ارزیابی تاثیر عناصر منظر شهری بر میزان احساس تعلق محلی نمونه موردی: محله نارمک تهران
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
سکینه معروفی
1
(دکتری شهرسازی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.)
مجتبی انصاری
2
(دانشیار گروه معماری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.)
کلید واژه: منظرشهری, عناصر منظر شهری, احساس تعلق محلی,
چکیده مقاله :
شهرها با منظرخود در معرض قضاوت ناظرین قرار می گیرند.ارزیابی تاثیر متفابل منظر شهری و ویژگیهای اجتماعی هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر می باشد. در این مقاله سعی شده است تا به این سئوال پاسخ داده شود که چه ارتباطی میان منظر شهری و میزان احساس تعلق محیطی وجود دارد؟ فرضیه تحقیق نیز عبارت از این است که میان منظر شهری و میزان احساس تعلق محیطی در جامعه ارتباط و همبستگی مثبتی وجود دارد. برای پاسخ به سئوال تحقیق ابتدا ضمن تعریف منظر شهری به بیان عناصر آن پرداخته ایم. سپس مفهوم احساس تعلق به محیط و معیارهای آن تشریح شده اند. براساس تعاریف نظری و عملیاتی متغیرهای تحقیق، پرسشنامه ای تهیه و سپس به شکل تصادفی از طریق مصاحبه از چهل نفر از ساکنین محله نارمک تکمیل گردید. نتایج بدست آمده، وجود ارتباط میان مولفه های منظر شهری و میزان احساس تعلق محیطی را با درجه اطمینان 95٪ تایید نمود.
The nature of people–environment relationships is reflected in multiple research paradigms of the field, including studies of environmental stress, cognitive mapping, environmental assessment, human spatial behavior, conservation behaviors and ecological psychology. Environment in which man and human life are surrounded, affects the human behaviors, senses and perceptions. In this case, the built physical environment particularly in cities are the most important part of human life spaces. These spaces can affect the citizens’ life in various ways. Some of them grow out of the meaning of places, some of them are dealt with their physical features and some are concerned with the functions of environment. The quality of urban spaces depends on how they are enclosed as much as on their own attributes. This article aims to explore the interrelations between townscapes and social characters of environment.An understanding of the relationship between people and their environment is essential in urban design and planning. It assumes, that environment – people interaction in two way process. People aren’t passive, however they influence and change the environment as it influence and change them. The form and shape of a location can affect on social futures of residents in an area. Experience has shown that the design of the built environment can affect the social life. The term “sense of locality” deals with two concerns, one is sociological and the other psychological. The first has to do with the sense of one’s location, or one’s society’s location, within a larger social unit, and the second with a sense of belonging to a region and a regional culture. This research is going to answer this question: What is the relation between townscape and the sense of locality in an area? It seems that there is a meaningful relation between these variables. The attractive and appropriate townscape is an important element to enhance the sense of locality in an urban community. There is an interrelation between both tow variables. As determining the inhabitants ́ socio- cultural effects on urban landscape is too difficult, the authors study the effects of the urban landscape on the sense of locality among citizen in an area. To answer the question of the paper Nārmak area in Tehran was selected as the case study, since the area is one of the old communities in the city, its especial urban landscape and urban design the authors choose the area. The variables were determined and defined. There were two main variables in this paper. To evaluate the first variable (urban landscape) four indexes were determined. The indexes were: the design type of street and squares in the area, the quantity and quality of green coverage in the community, urban furniture, urban lighting, the coverage of footpath. Then a questionnaire was prepared and data were collected. Finally the responds were analyzed by SPSS. Based on the results, the hypothec of the investigation was accepted. It means, in the area under study there is a meaningful relation between urban landscape and the sense of locality.
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