اندازه‌گیری اسلک‌های ناکارایی سیستم‌های شبکه‌ای در حضور منابع مشترک
محورهای موضوعی : آمار
حسین عزیزی
1
(گروه ریاضی، واحد پارس‌آباد مغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پارس‌آباد مغان، ایران)
شهروز فتحی اجیرلو
2
(گروه ریاضی، واحد پارس‌آباد مغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پارس‌آباد مغان، ایران)
کلید واژه: Data Envelopment Analysis, overall performance, optimistic and pessimistic views, inefficiency slacks, Additive model,
چکیده مقاله :
ارزیابی عملکرد یکی از کارهای مهم در مدیریت به منظور درک بهتر موفقیت‌های گذشته‌ی یک واحد تولیدی و برنامه‌ریزی برای توسعه‌ی آینده‌ی آن است. هدف مشخص کردن آن است که چقدر می‌توان انتظار داشت که واحد مورد نظر با مقدار کنونی ورودی بتواند خروجی خود را افزایش دهد، یا اینکه ضمن تولید میزان کنونی خروجی، صرفاً با افزایش کارایی، چقدر می‌توان در ورودی صرفه‌جویی کرد. یک سیستم معمولاً متشکل از بخش‌های متعدد است، که هر کدام کارکردهای خاصی را انجام می‌دهند. وقتی که به عملکرد سیستم به‌عنوان یک واحد کامل علاقه‌مند هستیم، که در آن فقط ورودی‌های وارد شده به سیستم و خروجی‌های خارج شده از سیستم در نظر گرفته می‌شوند، به آن تحلیل واحد کامل یا جعبه‌ی سیاه می‌گویند، زیرا اینکه چگونه ورودی‌ها از طریق محصولات بینابینی به خروجی‌ها تبدیل می‌شوند، مورد توجه نیست. تحلیل واحد کامل، ایده‌ای کلی از عملکرد یک واحد را به دست می‌دهد. با این حال، از آنجا که یک سیستم معمولاً متشکل از چندین بخش است که به‌طور وابسته به هم عمل می‌کنند، لذا صرف نظر کردن از عملیات بخش‌های تشکیل دهنده ممکن است نتایج گمراه کننده‌ای را در پی داشته باشد. برای ارزیابی صحیح عملکرد یک سیستم، این مقاله مجموعه‌ای از مدل‌های جمعی ارائه می‌کند. مدل‌های پیشنهادی، اسلک‌های ناکارایی یک سیستم را از دو دیدگاه خوشبینانه و بدبینانه اندازه‌گیری می‌کنند. لذا یک ارزیابی کلی از عملکرد هر سیستم به دست می‌آید. مثالی از صنعت بانکداری در ایران برای توضیح دادن چگونگی محاسبه‌ی اسلک‌های ناکارایی‌های سیستم و فرآیندها ارائه می‌شود.
Performance evaluation is one of the important tasks of management in order to better understand the past successes of a manufacturing unit and plan for its future development. The goal is to determine whether the unit can be expected to increase its output with current input, or while maintaining the current production output, how much savings in input can be made merely by increasing efficiency. A system is usually composed of multiple parts, each with a specific function. When we are interested in the performance of the system as a whole unit, where only inputs coming into the system and outputs going out of the system are considered, it is called whole unit or black box analysis, because how inputs are converted into outputs through intermediate products is not considered. The whole unit analysis provides a general idea of the performance of a unit. However, since the system usually consists of several interrelated parts, ignoring the functions of constituent parts may cause misleading results. To properly evaluate the performance of a system, this article proposes a set of additive models. The proposed models measure the inefficiency slacks of a system from both optimistic and pessimistic views. Therefore, an overall performance evaluation for each system is obtained. An example of the banking industry in Iran is offered to explain how to calculate the inefficiency slacks of the system and processes.
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