ارزیابی پویایی فضای سبز شهری با استفاده از تکنیک سنجش از راه دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (مطالعه موردی: شهر اردبیل)
محورهای موضوعی :
محیط زیست شهری
عطا غفاری گیلانده
1
,
صغری پورنصرت
2
,
علی عزیزی
3
,
بهرام ایمانی
4
1 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
2 - دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. * (نویسنده مسوول)
3 - استادیار مؤسسه مطالعات و مدیریت جامع و تخصصی جمعیت کشور.
4 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل- ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/09/08
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/06/27
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/03/01
کلید واژه:
شهر اردبیل,
سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی,
سنجشازدور,
تصاویر ماهوارهای,
فضای سبز,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: شهرنشینی سریع و ساختوسازهای بیرویه سرآغاز بسیاری از مشکلات زیستمحیطی در زمین و بهویژه در محدوده شهرها قلمداد میشود. امروزه نقش عملکردی و ساختاری فضاهای سبز در بهبود اکوسیستمهای شهری مورد تأکید فراوان قرار گرفته است. از این رو با توجه به نقش فضاهای سبز بهعنوان یکی از مهمترین کلاسهای کاربری اراضی در اکوسیستم شهری، مطالعه تغییرات آن گامی مهم در امر بهبود اکوسیستمهای انسان غالب است. لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی پویایی فضای سبز شهری با استفاده از تکنیک سنجش از راه دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی در شهر اردبیل انجام گرفته است.روش بررسی: در این پژوهش با استفاده از روش ترکیبی سنجشازدور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی به بررسی تغییرات زمانی- مکانی فضای سبز شهری باهدف ارزیابی شدت و الگوی تغییرات در شهر اردبیل پرداخته شده است. در راستای دستیابی به هدف یاد شده از تصاویر سنجنده های TM-1987، ETM+-2000 و OLI- 2014 مربوط به ماهواره Landsat استفاده گردید.یافتهها: یافتهها بیانگر این واقعیت است که فضاهای سبز در شهر اردبیل طی دورههای موردبررسی بهشدت روند کاهشی داشته بهطوریکه در 27 سال اخیر حدود 1507 هکتار از فضاهای سبز منطقه به زیرساخت و ساز رفتهاند و تنها حدود 8 درصد از شهر را فضای سبز در برگرفته است.نتیجهگیری: نتایج حاکی از تغییرات شدید در فضای سبز شهر اردبیل میباشد. از این رو به منظور جلوگیری از تخریب و از بین رفتن بیشتر فضای سبز شهری در کنار بهبود آن در این شهر بایستی سیاستهای موجود مورد بازبینی قرار گرفته و در راستای احیای فضاهای سبز قرار گیرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Rapid urbanization and constructions are considered as the main cause of many environmental problems on the earth, especially in urban areas. Todays, functional and structural roles of green spaces have been emphasized further in improvement of urban ecosystem. As green space is one of the most important classes of land use in urban ecosystem, studying its changes is an important step in order to improve human-dominant ecosystems.Method: In this study, remote sensing and geographical information system were used in order to investigate spatio-temporal changes of urban green space in Ardabil city. To achieve the mentioned purpose, Landsat satellite images including TM-1987, ETM+-2000 and OLI- 2014 were used.Findings: Results indicate that green spaces in Ardabil city have intensely decreased during the investigated time and in the during past 27 years about 1507 hectares of the green spaces of this region have been constructed and only 8 per cent of the city is covered by green space.Discussion and Conclusion: Results show intensive changes in spatio-temporal green space pattern in Ardabil city. In order to prevent further destruction and elimination of urban green spaces, along with improving it in Ardabil City, the existent policies should be revised.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Hashemi, S, E., Kafi, M., Hashemi, S, M., Khansefid, M., 2009. Urban Green Space Change Process Analysis Case Study: Region Two of Tehran Municipality. Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6(3), pp. 73-86. (In Persian)
Fazizadeh, B., Jafari, F., Nazmfar, H., 2008. Application of Remote Sensing Data in Change Detection of Urban Land Uses in Tabirz city. Honar-ha-ye Ziba, Vol. 34(0), pp. 17-24. (In Persian)
Akbari, E., Zangane asadi, M., Taghavi, E., 2016. Land use and land cover Change detection in Neyshabour using Different methods of statistical training theory. Geographical Planning of Space, Vol. 6(20), pp. 35-50. (In Persian)
Bhaskar, P., 2012. Urbanization And Changing Green Spaces in Indian Cities (Case Study – City of Pune), International Journal of Geology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2 (2), pp.148- 156.
Beiranvand, A., EslamBonyad, A., Soosani, J., 2013. Evaluation of Khorramabad,s physical changes and Its green space using remote sensing data, European Journal of Experimental Biology,3(3), pp 431-438.
Rawat, j.s., Kumar, M., 2015. Monitoring land use/cover change using remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study of Hawalbagh block, district Almora, Uttarakhand, India, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences 18, pp77–84.
Tarhe Kavosh, Consulting Eng. Co. 2011. Ardabil City Master Plan, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. Iran. Volume II.(In Persian)
Azizi, A., Ghorbani, A., Malekmohammadi, B., & Jafari, H. R., 2017. Government management and overexploitation of groundwater resources: absence of local community initiatives in Ardabil plain-Iran. Journal of environmental planning and management, Vol. 60(10), pp. 1785-1808.
Tarhe Kavosh, Consulting Eng. Co. 2011. Ardabil City Master Plan, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. Iran. Volume I.(In Persian)
Beer, A., Higgins, C., 2004. Environmental Planning for Site Development: A manual for sustainable local planning and design. Routledge.
Rafiee, R., Salman Mahiny, A., Khorasani, N., 2009. Assessment of changes in urban green spaces of Mashad city using satellite data, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 11, p431.
Tavallai, Simin., Hajinoorousi, N., 2006. Production of Land Use Map Using RS and GIS A Case Study: Pakdasht. Journal of Geographical Sciences, Vol. 5 (6-7), pp. 29 -42. (In Persian)
Shataee, Sh., Abdi, O., 2007. Land Cover Mapping in Mountainous Lands of Zagros Using ETM+ Data Case Study: Sorkhab Watershed, Lorestan Province. J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour, Vol. 14(1), pp. 1-10. (In Persian)
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Konstantin, R., Monika, K., 2016. Mapping of Urban Green Spaces Using Sentinel-2A Data: Methodical Aspects, 6th International Conference on cartography and GIS, Bulgaria, p 652.
Bertram, C., Rehdanz, K., 2015. Analysis the role of urban green space for human well-being, P 140.
Miller, R. W., 1997. urban forestry: planning and managing urban Greenspace -2nd Editio, upper saddle river Nj, prentce Hall, Inc, P 53
Chen, Y., Li, X., Liu, X., Ai, B., 2017. Analyzing land-cover change and corresponding impacts on carbon budget in a fast developing sub-tropical region by integrating MODIS and Landsat TM/ETM images, Applied Geography, 9(164), p10.
Lu, Y., Coops, NC,. Hermosilla, T., 2017. Estimating Urban Vegetation Fraction across 25 Cities in pan-pacific Using Landsat Time Series Data, ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and Remote Sensing126, p 21.
Seyed Ali, J., Nikourazm, Y., 2015. Studying of quantitative & qualitative changes of green space by Markov and NDVI index (case study: District of 18, 19 & 21 of Tehran Municipality of), Biannual Journal of Urban Ecology Researches, Vol. 6 (11), pp. 59-78. (In Persian)
Parivar, P., Yavri, Ahmadreza., Setudeh, Ahad,. 2008. A Landscape – Based Analysis of Spatial Distribution and Dynamics of Tehran Urban Green Spaces. Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 34(45), pp. 73-84. (In Persian)
Hashemi, S, E., Kafi, M., Hashemi, S, M., Khansefid, M., 2009. Urban Green Space Change Process Analysis Case Study: Region Two of Tehran Municipality. Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6(3), pp. 73-86. (In Persian)
Fazizadeh, B., Jafari, F., Nazmfar, H., 2008. Application of Remote Sensing Data in Change Detection of Urban Land Uses in Tabirz city. Honar-ha-ye Ziba, Vol. 34(0), pp. 17-24. (In Persian)
Akbari, E., Zangane asadi, M., Taghavi, E., 2016. Land use and land cover Change detection in Neyshabour using Different methods of statistical training theory. Geographical Planning of Space, Vol. 6(20), pp. 35-50. (In Persian)
Bhaskar, P., 2012. Urbanization And Changing Green Spaces in Indian Cities (Case Study – City of Pune), International Journal of Geology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2 (2), pp.148- 156.
Beiranvand, A., EslamBonyad, A., Soosani, J., 2013. Evaluation of Khorramabad,s physical changes and Its green space using remote sensing data, European Journal of Experimental Biology,3(3), pp 431-438.
Rawat, j.s., Kumar, M., 2015. Monitoring land use/cover change using remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study of Hawalbagh block, district Almora, Uttarakhand, India, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences 18, pp77–84.
Tarhe Kavosh, Consulting Eng. Co. 2011. Ardabil City Master Plan, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. Iran. Volume II.(In Persian)
Azizi, A., Ghorbani, A., Malekmohammadi, B., & Jafari, H. R., 2017. Government management and overexploitation of groundwater resources: absence of local community initiatives in Ardabil plain-Iran. Journal of environmental planning and management, Vol. 60(10), pp. 1785-1808.
Tarhe Kavosh, Consulting Eng. Co. 2011. Ardabil City Master Plan, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. Iran. Volume I.(In Persian)
Beer, A., Higgins, C., 2004. Environmental Planning for Site Development: A manual for sustainable local planning and design. Routledge.
Rafiee, R., Salman Mahiny, A., Khorasani, N., 2009. Assessment of changes in urban green spaces of Mashad city using satellite data, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 11, p431.
Tavallai, Simin., Hajinoorousi, N., 2006. Production of Land Use Map Using RS and GIS A Case Study: Pakdasht. Journal of Geographical Sciences, Vol. 5 (6-7), pp. 29 -42. (In Persian)
Shataee, Sh., Abdi, O., 2007. Land Cover Mapping in Mountainous Lands of Zagros Using ETM+ Data Case Study: Sorkhab Watershed, Lorestan Province. J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour, Vol. 14(1), pp. 1-10. (In Persian)