ارائه یک مدل اقتصادی به منظور مدیریت پسماند بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی با رویکرد توسعه پایدار
محورهای موضوعی :
ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستی
آویده اسدالهی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، رودهن، ایران.)
حمید توحیدی
2
(دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
احمد شجاع
3
(استادیارگروه ریاضی و آمار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، رودهن، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/01
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/23
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/08/01
کلید واژه:
الگوریتم ژنتیک باینزی,
توسعه پایدار,
مدیریت پسماند,
اثرات زیست محیطی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه مدیریت پسماند بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی یک چالش در مقیاس جهانی می‌باشد که کشورهای درحال توسعه را با محدودیت‌های اقتصادی فراوانی مواجه کرده است. این پسماندها اگر به درستی مدیریت نشوند پیامدهای جبران ناپذیری بر کیفیت محیط زیست و سلامتی انسان بهمراه خواهد داشت. هدف این مقاله گزینش سناریوهای پایدار مدیریت پسماند با توجه به طراحی محصول می‌باشد.
روش بررسی: در این پژوهش با شبیه‌سازی یک مدل ریاضی دو هدفه، هزینه‌های ناشی از سناریوهای مدیریت پسماند و بطور همزمان اثرات مخرب بر کیفیت محیط زیست و سلامتی انسان کمینه‌سازی شده است. مدل ارائه شده که قابلیت استفاده در صنایع گوناگون را دارد با مد نظر قرار دادن جزئیات طراحی، آنالیز چرخه حیات و گزینه‌های پایان عمر محصول برای یک مثال واقعی، با بکارگیری الگوریتم بهینه‌سازی ژنتیک باینری پیاده‌سازی شده است.
یافته ها: به طور کلی برآورد جواب بهینه مدل پیشنهادی در هر گروه از محصولات، سناریو برنده متناسب با آلترناتیو طراحی بهینه را نشان می‌دهد که گزینه ای اقتصادی با کمترین میزان تاثیرات مخرب بر محیط زیست و سلامتی انسان می باشد. نتایج پیاده‌سازی مدل برای یک مثال واقعی نشان می‌دهد در هفت گروه محصول تعریف شده سناریو چهار (کاهش در مبدا 25%، بازیافت 25 % و سوزاندن 45% و دفن بهداشتی 5%) و سناریو پنج (کاهش در منبع به میزان 60 %، سوزاندن 30% و دفن بهداشتی10%) گزینه‌های غالب و برنده برای طراحی‌های بهینه در اکثر گروه محصولات می‌باشند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: مدل شبیه‌سازی شده به تولیدکنندگان کمک می‌کند تا برآوردی مناسب از پیامدهای محیط زیستی و اقتصادی محصول طراحی شده داشته باشند. همچنین این پژوهش به تصمیم گیرندگان و سیاست گذاران این امکان را می دهد تا در راستای دستیابی به اهداف توسعه پایدار، با قانون گذاری تولیدکنندگان را به پذیرش مسئولیت در قبال مدیریت پایان عمر محصولات خود ترغیب نمایند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Today, food packaging waste management is a challenge on a global scale that has faced many economic constraints in developing countries. If this waste is not managed properly, it will have irreparable consequences on the quality of the environment and human health. The purpose of this paper is to select sustainable scenarios for packaging waste management based on product design.
Material and Methodology: In this research, by simulating a mathematical model, the costs of waste management scenarios and at the same time the detrimental effects on environmental quality and human health have been minimized. The proposed model, which can be used in various industries, has been implemented using binary genetic optimization algorithm, taking into account the design details, life cycle analysis and end-of-life options (in the form of 9 management scenarios).
Findings: In general, estimating the optimal solution of the proposed model in each product group, shows the winning scenario appropriate to the optimal design alternative, which is an economic option with the least destructive effects on the environment and human health. The results of model implementation for a real example show in seven product groups defined four scenarios (25% source reduction, 25% recycling and 45% incineration and only 5% landfill) and scenario five (source reduction by 60% and incineration of 30% of waste and 10% landfill) are the winning options for optimal designs in most product groups.
Discussion and Conclusion: The simulated model helps manufacturers to have a proper estimate of the environmental and economic consequences of the designed product. This research also enables decision makers and policy makers to achieve the goals of sustainable development, by legislating more manufacturers to accept responsibility for end-of-life management of their products as well as municipalities to set up a network. Encourage urban waste management systems.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Deng, Y., Peng, P., Jia, L., et al., 2020. Environmental exposure-associated human health risk of dioxin compounds in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator in Shanghai, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol.105(1), pp. 173-9.
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Sustainable development goals, 2015: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/.
6. ISO 14001: 2015, Environmental management systems and Requirements with guidance for use: https://www.iso.org/standard/60857.html
Guillard, V., Gaucel, S., Fornaciari, C., et al.,2017. The Next Generation of Sustainable Food Packaging to Preserve Our Environment in a Circular Economy Context. Frontiers in Nutrition. Vol.5(121).
Kirchain, Jr RE., Gregory, JR., Olivetti, EA,2017. Environmental life-cycle assessment. Nature Materials. Vol.16(7), pp. 693-7.
Scharlemann, JP., Brock, RC., Balfour, N., et al.,2020. Towards understanding interactions between Sustainable Development Goals: The role of environment–human linkages. Sustainability science. Vol.15(6), pp. 1573-84.
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Zhang, J., Qin, Q., Li, G., et al., Sustainable municipal waste management strategies through life cycle assessment method: A review. Journal of Environmental Management. Vol. 287, pp. 112238.
Kan, M., Miller, SA., 2022. Environmental impacts of plastic packaging of food products. Resources, Conservation and Recycling.180, pp. 106156.
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Baldowska-Witos, P., Kruszelnicka, W., Kasner, R., et al., 2019. Impact of the plastic bottle production on the natural environment. Part 1. Application of the ReCiPe 2016 assessment method to identify environmental problems. Przemysl Chemiczny.Vol. 98(10), pp. 1662-7.
Borghesi, G., Stefanini, R., Vignali, G.,2022. Life cycle assessment of packaged organic dairy product: A comparison of different methods for the environmental assessment of alternative scenarios. Journal of Food Engineering. Vol.318, pp. 110902.
Arvanitoyannis, I. S., 2008. ISO 14040: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) – Principles and Guidelines., Waste Management for the Food Industries . pp. 97-132
Ameli, M., Mansour, S., Ahmadi, A. 2019. A simulation-optimization model for sustainable product design and efficient end-of-life management based on individual producer responsibility. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Vol.140, pp. 246-58.
SimaPro, 2021: https://www.simapro.com/
EPA, (2021). Waste Reduction Model (WARM). https://www.epa.gov/warm
Hoang, AT., Varbanov, PS., Nižetić, S., et al,2022. Perspective review on Municipal Solid Waste-to-energy route: Characteristics, management strategy, and role in circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production. VoL.359,pp.131897.
Khan, AH., López-Maldonado, EA., Khan, NA., et al., 2022. Current solid waste management strategies and energy recovery in developing countries - State of art review. Chemosphere. Vol.291, pp.133088.
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Zhu, F., Ding, R., Lei, R., et al., 2019. The short-term effects of air pollution on respiratory diseases and lung cancer mortality in Hefei: A time-series analysis. Respiratory medicine. Vol.146, pp. 57-65.
Deng, Y., Peng, P., Jia, L., et al., 2020. Environmental exposure-associated human health risk of dioxin compounds in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator in Shanghai, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol.105(1), pp. 173-9.
Vishwakarma, A.2020. Unsustainable management of plastic wastes in India: A threat to global warming and climate change. Contemporary environmental issues and challenges in era of climate change: Springer. pp. 235-44.
Pavi, S., Kramer, L., Gomes, L., et al., 2017. Biogas production from co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and fruit and vegetable waste. Bioresource Technology. Vol. 228.
Sustainable development goals, 2015: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/.
6. ISO 14001: 2015, Environmental management systems and Requirements with guidance for use: https://www.iso.org/standard/60857.html
Guillard, V., Gaucel, S., Fornaciari, C., et al.,2017. The Next Generation of Sustainable Food Packaging to Preserve Our Environment in a Circular Economy Context. Frontiers in Nutrition. Vol.5(121).
Kirchain, Jr RE., Gregory, JR., Olivetti, EA,2017. Environmental life-cycle assessment. Nature Materials. Vol.16(7), pp. 693-7.
Scharlemann, JP., Brock, RC., Balfour, N., et al.,2020. Towards understanding interactions between Sustainable Development Goals: The role of environment–human linkages. Sustainability science. Vol.15(6), pp. 1573-84.
Nielsen, TD., Hasselbalch, J., Holmberg, K., Stripple, J.2020. Politics and the plastic crisis: A review throughout the plastic life cycle. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment.Vol. 9(1), pp. 360.
Sumida, BH., Houston, A., McNamara, J., et al.1990. Genetic algorithms and evolution. Journal of Theoretical Biology. Vol.147(1), pp. 59-84.
Houck, CR., Joines, J., Kay, MG.,1995. A genetic algorithm for function optimization: a Matlab implementation. Ncsu-ie tr. Vol. 95(09), pp. 1-10.
Hu, J., Sun, Y., Qingzhen, X., 2010. editors. Notice of Retraction: The theory and application of Genetic Algorithm. International Conference on Computer and Communication Technologies in Agriculture Engineering; IEEE.
Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, NMP., et al., 2017. The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production. VoL.143, pp. 757-68.
Karayılan, S., Yılmaz, Ö., Uysal, Ç., et al. 2021. Prospective evaluation of circular economy practices within plastic packaging value chain through optimization of life cycle impacts and circularity. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Vol.173, pp.105691.
Bourguignon, D.,2016. Circular economy package four legislative proposals on waste. In: Parliment E, editor. European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS). pp. 573-936.
Nnorom, I.C., Osibanjo, O., 2008. Overview of electronic waste (e-waste) management practices and legislations and their poor applications in the developing countries . Resources, Conservation and Recycling.Vol. 52,pp. 843–858.
Ameli, M., Mansour, S., Ahmadi-Javid, A., 2016. A multi-objective model for selecting design alternatives and end-of-life options under uncertainty: A sustainable approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Vol.109, pp.123-36.
Battini, D., Calzavara, M., Persona, A., Sgarbossa, F., 2016. Sustainable Packaging Development for Fresh Food Supply Chains. Packaging Technology and Science. Vol.29, pp. 25-43.
Wu Z, Kwong CK, Lee CKM, Tang J. Joint decision of product configuration and remanufacturing for product family design. International Journal of Production Research.;54(15):4689-702.
Saleh, Y., 2016. Comparative life cycle assessment of beverages packages in Palestine. Journal of Cleaner Production. 131, pp.28-42.
Joshi, A. D., Gupta, S. M., Ishigaki, A., 2018. Evaluation of Design Alternatives of Sensor Embedded End-of-life Products in Multiple Periods. Procedia CIRP. Vol. 61, pp. 98-103.
Behrooznia, L., Sharifi, M., Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, H., 2020. Comparative life cycle environmental impacts of two scenarios for managing an organic fraction of municipal solid waste in Rasht-Iran. Journal of Cleaner Production. Vol. 268, pp. 122217.
Abejón, R., Bala, A., Vázquez-Rowe, I., et al., When plastic packaging should be preferred: Life cycle analysis of packages for fruit and vegetable distribution in the Spanish peninsular market. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Vol. 155, pp. 104666.
Boutros, M., Saba, S., Manneh, R., 2021. Life cycle assessment of two packaging materials for carbonated beverages (polyethylene terephthalate vs. glass): Case study for the lebanese context and importance of the end-of-life scenarios. Journal of Cleaner Production.Vol. 314, pp.128289.
Spreafico, C., Russo, D.,2021. A sustainable cheese packaging survey involving scientific papers and patents. Journal of Cleaner Production. 293, pp. 126196.
Lin, Z., Ooi, J. K., Woon, K. S., 2021. An integrated life cycle multi-objective optimization model for health-environment-economic nexus in food waste management sector. Science of The Total Environment. pp. 151541.
Zhang, J., Qin, Q., Li, G., et al., Sustainable municipal waste management strategies through life cycle assessment method: A review. Journal of Environmental Management. Vol. 287, pp. 112238.
Kan, M., Miller, SA., 2022. Environmental impacts of plastic packaging of food products. Resources, Conservation and Recycling.180, pp. 106156.
De Feo, G., Ferrara, C., Minichini, F., 2022. Comparison between the perceived and actual environmental sustainability of beverage packagings in glass, plastic, and aluminium. Journal of Cleaner Production. 333,pp. 130158.
Huijbregts, M. A. J., Steinmann, Z. J. N., Elshout, P. M. F., Stam, G., Verones, F., Vieira, M., Zijp, M., Hollander, A., & van Zelm, R. 2017. ReCiPe2016: a harmonised life cycle impact assessment method at midpoint and endpoint level. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment.Vol. 22(2), pp. 138-147.
Baldowska-Witos, P., Kruszelnicka, W., Kasner, R., et al., 2019. Impact of the plastic bottle production on the natural environment. Part 1. Application of the ReCiPe 2016 assessment method to identify environmental problems. Przemysl Chemiczny.Vol. 98(10), pp. 1662-7.
Borghesi, G., Stefanini, R., Vignali, G.,2022. Life cycle assessment of packaged organic dairy product: A comparison of different methods for the environmental assessment of alternative scenarios. Journal of Food Engineering. Vol.318, pp. 110902.
Arvanitoyannis, I. S., 2008. ISO 14040: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) – Principles and Guidelines., Waste Management for the Food Industries . pp. 97-132
Ameli, M., Mansour, S., Ahmadi, A. 2019. A simulation-optimization model for sustainable product design and efficient end-of-life management based on individual producer responsibility. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Vol.140, pp. 246-58.
SimaPro, 2021: https://www.simapro.com/
EPA, (2021). Waste Reduction Model (WARM). https://www.epa.gov/warm
Hoang, AT., Varbanov, PS., Nižetić, S., et al,2022. Perspective review on Municipal Solid Waste-to-energy route: Characteristics, management strategy, and role in circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production. VoL.359,pp.131897.
Khan, AH., López-Maldonado, EA., Khan, NA., et al., 2022. Current solid waste management strategies and energy recovery in developing countries - State of art review. Chemosphere. Vol.291, pp.133088.
