مقايسه ميزان ترسيب کربن خاک در کاربري¬هاي مختلف ( مطالعه موردي: حوزه شهري شهرستان بهشهر)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیستکبریا جعفری 1 , مرضیه علی خواه اصل 2 , یحیی کوچ 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، رشته محیط زیست (گرایش ارزیابی و آمایش سرزمین)، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس نور، ایران.
کلید واژه: کاربري اراضي, مرتع, باغي مرکبات, زراعت گندم.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: افزايش غلظت گازهاي گلخانه اي در سال¬هاي اخير منجر به افزايش گرماي جهاني و تغييرات اقليمي شده است. ساده¬ترین راهکار برای کاهش سطح این گاز فرآیند ترسیب کربن است. طی این فرآیند، کربن در بخش¬هاي مختلف اکوسيستم¬ها ذخیره می¬شود که مهم¬ترین اين بخش¬ها، خاک است. هدف از اين پژوهش ارزيابي میزان ترسيب کربن خاک در کاربري¬هاي زراعت گندم، باغ مرکبات و مرتع در حوزه شهري بهشهر می¬باشد. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق، نمونه¬برداري خاک در ده نقطه در هر يک از کاربري¬ها تا عمق ۳۰سانتي¬متری با استفاده از روش تصادفي سيستماتيك انجام شد. بافت خاک، وزن مخصوص ظاهري، اسيديته، رطوبت، کربن آلي، نيتروژن در محيط آزمايشگاه اندازه¬گيري شد. برای بررسی تفاوت یا عدم تفاوت میزان ترسیب کربن و مشخصه¬های مختلف خاک در کاربری¬های مختلف، از آزمون تجزیه واریانس و برای بررسی ارتباط بین میزان ترسیب کربن با مشخصه های مختلف خاک از همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد، به¬طور متوسط ميزان ترسيب کربن در کاربري باغ مرکبات ۵۴/۰ تن در هکتار، زراعت گندم ۳۶/۰ تن در هکتار و مرتع ۵۱/۰ تن در هکتار می¬باشد. در نتیجه بين کاربري¬های مورد بررسی، کاربری باغي در اولويت اول و کاربري¬های مرتع و زراعت گندم در اولويت¬هاي بعد قرار گرفتند. همبستگي پيرسون نیز نشان داد از بين پارامترهاي مورد بررسي، مشخصه نيتروژن بر تغيير¬پذيري ميزان ترسيب کربن خاک موثرتر بوده است. بحث و نتیجه¬گیری: بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، کاربری¬های مختلف اثر متفاوتی بر میزان انباشتگی ترسیب کربن خاک دارد که در جهت مديريت اراضي واقع در شمال کشور مي بايست مورد توجه قرار گيرد.
Background and Objective: In recent years, increasing of greenhouse gases results in global warming and climate changes. Carbon sequestration is a result of carbon capturing in different parts of ecosystems, particularly in soil. The purpose of the present study is evaluation of carbon sequestration potential in wheat field, citrus garden and grassland in urban district of Behshahr. Material and Methodology: The soil samples were collected from ten different points for each land use. They were randomly taken from a depth of 30 cm using systematic random sampling. Texture, apparent specific density, acidity, humidity, organic carbon and nitrogen of the soil were measured in laboratoty. The analysis of variance of soil properties indicates significant difference in studied land uses regarding to carbon sequestration. Findings: The results showed that the average carbon sequestration in wheat field, citrus garden and grassland were 36% (Ton/Ha), 54% (Ton/Ha), 51%(Ton/Ha) , respectively. Totally, citrus garden had the highest carbon sequestration among studied land uses. Grassland and wheat field were ranked in second and third places, respectively. Via Pearson product-moment correlation, it was revealed that among all analyzed parameters, nitrogen had the most effect on soil carbon sequestration. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the present study show how land use effects on soil carbon sequestration, hence considering these results is necessary for Lands Management in North of Iran.
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