تعیین تغییرات مکانی، زمانی و ساختار جمعیتی زئوپلانکتونهای دریاچه سد بوکان با استفاده از زمینآمار
محورهای موضوعی :
بیولوژی دریا
علی محسن پور آذری
1
,
فریدون محبی
2
,
رضا سکوتی اسکویی
3
1 - مرکز تحقیقات آرتمیای کشور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.
2 - مرکز تحقیقات آرتمیای کشور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران
3 - بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجانغربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران (مسئول مکاتبات).
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/05/14
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/08/17
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/01
کلید واژه:
زمینآمار,
تغییرات مکانی,
سد بوکان,
زئوپلانکتون,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: تحقیق حاضر باهدف بررسی تغییرات مکانی و زمانی جمعیت زئوپلانکتونهای دریاچه سد بوکان و تهیه نقشه اینتغییرات بهمنظور بهرهبرداریهای کشاورزی و شیلاتی انجام گرفت.
روش بررسی: نمونهبرداری از آب دریاچه سد در هشت ایستگاه از ابتدای سال 1394 تا پایان آن و با تناوب ماهیانه انجام گرفت. پس از پالایه نمونهها با مش 55 میکرون، عصارهها با فرمالین 4 درصد تثبیت و با میکروسکوپ اینورت شمارش گردید. برای بررسی تغییرات مکانی زئوپلانکتونها و برآورد آن در نقاط نمونهبرداری نشده دریاچه سد، از روش میانیابی زمینآماری در محیط GIS و نرمافزار GS+ استفاده شد.بهمنظور ارزیابی، مقایسه و انتخاب روش میانیابی مناسب از روش ارزیابی متقابل استفاده گردید.
یافتهها: نتیجه برازش یک مدل کروی بر نیمتغییرنمای تجربی تعداد زئوپلانکتونها در زمستان نشان میدهد شعاع تأثیر این نیم تغییر نما معادل 7280 متر است. ضریب همبستگی برای مدل برازش دادهشده برابر 995/0 محاسبهشده است. با مقایسه نتایج مقایسه این روشها، روش کریگینک با داشتن خطای 42/53- MAE= بهعنوان مدل مناسب برآورد منطقهای تراکم زئوپلانکتونها انتخاب و نقشههای پراکنش آنها در محیط GIS تهیه گردید.
نتیجهگیری: بیشترین تراکم جمعیت زئوپلانکتونها در فصل تابستان و کمترین آن در فصل بهار دیده شد. مقادیر بیشینه زئوپلانکتون در ابتدای سد است که تا انتهای دریاچه سد به شکل منظم کاهش مییابد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: This study was performed to investigate the spatial and temporal changes of the zooplankton population in the Bukan reservoir and to map these variations for agricultural and fisheries exploitation.
Method: The samples were taken monthly from eight sampling sites during 2015. The samples were filtered through a 55-micron mesh size filter, fixed by 4% formalin and enumerated by an inverted microscope. Geo-statistics interpolation method in GIS (GS+ software) was used to reveal spatial changes of zooplankton and to estimate it in non-sampled points. The cross validation method was used to evaluate and compare the geostatistical methods.
Findings: Spherical model fitness on the empirical semi-variogram of zooplankton density in the winter provided the results that indicated the radius of semi- variogram effect is 7280 m. The correlation coefficient of the fitted model was 0.995. The Kriging method with error of -53.42 was selected as a suitable model for spatial assessment of zooplankton density.
Discussion and Conclusion: Most of the zooplankton population is in the summer and the lowest was seen in the spring. The maximum number of zooplanktons at the beginning of the Bukan dam which regularly reduced towards end of the dam.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Kimmel, D. G., Roman, M. R., and Zhang X. 2006. Spatial and Temporal Variability in Factors Affecting Mesozooplankton Dynamics in Chesapeake Bay: Evidence from Biomass Size Spectra. Limnology and Oceanography, 51(1), 131-141.
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Steven A. Pothoven, Gary L. Fahnenstie.2015. Spatial and temporal trends in zooplankton assemblages along a nearshore to offshore transect in southeastern Lake Michigan from 2007 to 2012 Journal of Great Lakes Research Volume 41, Supplement 3, 2015, Pages 95–103
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Ying Ming 2010 A Study on Determining the Sample Size in Geostatistics Masters Thesis, 98 pages, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta.
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- Adolf, J. E., Yeager, C. L., Miller, W. D., Mallonnee, M. E., and Harding, L. W. 2006. Environmental Forcing of Phytoplankton Floral Composition, Biomass, and Primary Productivity in Chesapeake Bay, USA. Estuarine, Coastal, and Shelf Science, 67, 08- 122.
2. Bakhtiari, N., Farhadian, A. Sufiani, N. Mohammadi, M., 2012. Investigation on the Composition and Abundance of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton in Pond Shale (Litopenaeus vannamei), J. Fisheries (Iranian Natural Resources): V. 65, No. 3, pp. 257-269. (in persian)
Dejen, E.; Vijverberg, J.; Nagelkerke, Leo A. J.; Sibbing, F. A.2004. Temporal and spatial distribution of microcrustacean zooplankton in relation to turbidity and other environmental factors in a large tropical lake L. Tana, Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia, 5, 13, 39-49.
Farhadian, A., 2014, Distribution and Frequency of Mesozooplankton Mesozooplankton in Kianshah Dam M.Sc. Thesis. Isfahan University of Technology - Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 106 pages. (in persian)
Hagh-parast, S. Ghorbani, R, Wasaghi, M. J., 2014, Population diversity and abundance study of Gomishan wetland zooplankton and its relationship with environmental factors J. of Animal Ecology V. 6, No. 4, pp. 195-208. (in persian)
6. Hedayatifard, M. Mousavi Nadoshan, R. Kham-Khaji, N. Wahidi, F. 2011. Investigation of Trend Changes in Zooplankton Density by Chlorophyll a Concentration in Lake Welcht, Journal of Aquatic and Fisheries V. 2, No. 6, pp. 58-65. (in persian)
Jude, B.A., Kirn, T.J., Taylor R.K. 2005. "A colonization factor links Vibrio cholerae environmental survival and human infection". Nature 438.
8. Kham-Khaji, N. Hedayatifard, M. Mousavi Nadoshan, R. Vahidi, F., 2012. Investigation of Trend Changes in Coupe Puddle Group in Lake Welcht, J. Environmental Science and Engineering, V. 5, No. 53, pp. 103-110. (in persian)
Khodaparast, n. Roohi, A. Shapuri, M. Roshan Tabari, M. Rahmati, R. Nasrollahzadeh Saravi, H. Vahedi, F., 2012, Investigation on species composition and population structure of zooplankton in different depths of southern Caspian Sea (Amirabad, Noshahr and Anzali trade zones) after invasive sea biology, J. Sea Biology, V. 4, No. 15; pp 1-12. (in persian)
Kimmel, D. G., Roman, M. R., and Zhang X. 2006. Spatial and Temporal Variability in Factors Affecting Mesozooplankton Dynamics in Chesapeake Bay: Evidence from Biomass Size Spectra. Limnology and Oceanography, 51(1), 131-141.
11. Marcos Llope, 2011. Spatial variability of the plankton trophic interaction in the North Sea: a new feature after the early 1970s. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02492.
McGehee, D.E., Demer, D.A., and Warren, J.D. 2004. Zooplankton in the Ligurian Sea: Part I. Characterization of their Dispersion, Relative Abundance and Environment. J. of Plankton Research, 26(12):1409-1418.
Mohsen Pour Azari, A. Mohebbi F, 2010, Investigation of the Diversity and Distribution of Zooplankton in Lake Boukan, National Conference on Biodiversity and its Impact on Agriculture and Environment, Urmia. pp. 187-191. (in persian)
Rabindranath, Ananda 2013 Investigations into temporal and spatial variability of zooplankton at the Svalbard archipelago, PhD Thesis, 128 pages, URI http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3814
Riina Klais, Maiju Lehtiniemi, Gunta Rubene, Anna Semenova, Piotr Margonski, Anda Ikauniece, Mart Simm, Arno Põllumäe, Evelina Grinienė, Katja Mäkinen and Henn Ojaveer. 2016. Spatial and temporal variability of zooplankton in a temperate semi-enclosed sea: implications for monitoring design and long-term studies J. Plankton Res. (2016) doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbw022.
Sokouti Skouee, R. Kolahchi, R., Jabari, A, Mehdian M. H., 2011, Geostatistical Application for Surveying Groundwater Changes in the Urmia Plain, National Conference on Climate Change and its Impact on Agriculture and the Environment, pp. 69-73. (in persian)
Steven A. Pothoven, Gary L. Fahnenstie.2015. Spatial and temporal trends in zooplankton assemblages along a nearshore to offshore transect in southeastern Lake Michigan from 2007 to 2012 Journal of Great Lakes Research Volume 41, Supplement 3, 2015, Pages 95–103
18. Villate, F. 2005. Temporal variability of the spatial distribution of the zooplankton community in a coastal embayment of the basque country in relation to physical phenomena. V 288, No 2 / DOI 10.1007/BF00007128, Pages 79-95
Ying Ming 2010 A Study on Determining the Sample Size in Geostatistics Masters Thesis, 98 pages, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta.