مقایسه روشهای مختلف هیدرولوژیکی و اکوهیدرولوژیکی در برآورد جریان محیطزیستی رودخانه مهاباد
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت منابع آب
نازک روزگاری
1
,
محمد تقی ستاری
2
,
هاجر فیضی
3
1 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
3 - دانشجوی دکترا، مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/07/24
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/10/29
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/09/01
کلید واژه:
رودخانه مهاباد,
انتقال منحنی تداوم جریان,
روشهای هیدرولوژیکی,
مدل ذخیره رومیزی,
حقابه محیطزیستی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در مدیریت و بهره برداری از پروژه های منابع آب و به ویژه مخازن سدها تامین حداقل جریان آب مورد نیاز جهت حفظ زیستگاه گونههای مختلف موجودات آبزی و گیاهی ضروری است. در روند احیای دریاچه ارومیه، تخصیص سهم جریان محیطزیستی رودخانه مهاباد، به عنوان یکی از رودخانههای مهم حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه، از اهمیت ویژهای برخوردار است. از اینروی هدف از نوشتن این مقاله برآورد حداقل جریان محیطزیستی رودخانه مهاباد با استفاده از روش های هیدرولوژیکی و اکوهیدرولوژیکی می باشد.
روش بررسی: در این تحقیق، نیاز محیطزیستی رودخانه مهاباد، با پنج روش تنانت، تسمن، مدل ذخیره رومیزی، انتقال منحنی تداوم جریان و تحلیل منحنی تداوم جریان برآورد شده است.
یافتهها: با توجه به نتایج حاصل ملاحظه گردید، برای حفاظت رودخانه مهاباد در حداقل شرایط محیطزیستی قابلقبول، دو روش انتقال منحنی تداوم جریان در کلاس مدیریتی B (35 درصد جریان متوسط سالانه، معادل 7/2 متر مکعب بر ثانیه) و روش مدل ذخیره رومیزی در کلاس مدیریتی B/C (3/27 درصد جریان متوسط سالانه، معادل 13/2 متر مکعب بر ثانیه)، نتایج تقریبا مشابه و قابل قبولی را ارایه میدهند.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: به طور کلی دو روش انتقال منحنی تداوم جریان و مدل ذخیره رومیزی، به دلیل در نظر گرفتن کلاسهای مختلف اکولوژیکی، نسبت به روشهای دیگر ارجحیت داشته و میتوان این روشها را برای تعیین نیاز محیطزیستی رودخانه مهاباد به کار برد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: In water resources management and operation, especially for dam reservoirs, supplying the minimum water demand for protecting the life of the different plant and aquatic species is essential. Allocating the environmental flow for Mahabad River, as one of the most important rivers in the Urmia Lake basin, is very crucial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the minimum environmental flow for Mahabad River using Eco-Hydrology methods.
Method: In this study, the environmental flow for Mahabad River was estimated by five methods, namely Tenant, Tessman, Flow Duration Curve (FDC) Shifting, Desktop Reserve Model (DRM), and Flow Duration Curve Analysis (FDCA).
Findings: According to the results obtained in this study, to protect Mahabad River in the acceptable minimum environmental condition, the FDC shifting model considering class B (35.1% MAR (mean annual runoff), equivalent to 2.75 m³/s) and DRM considering class B/C (27.24% MAR, equal to 2.13 m³/s) led to approximately similar and acceptable results.
Discussion and Conclusion: Generally, the FDC shifting model and DRM that consider different hydrological classes are preferable to other methods, and these methods can be used to determine the environmental flow for Mahabad River.
منابع و مأخذ:
- Dyson, M., Bergkamp, G. and Scanlon, J., 2003. The essentials of environmental flows. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
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- Abdi, R., Yasi, M., Sokooti Oskoui, R. and Mohammadi, E., 2014. Environmental requirement assessment in Zarrinehrood River by hydrological methods. Watershed Engineering and Management, Vol.6, Issue3, pp.211-223. (In Persian)
|
- Mostafavi, S. and Yasi, M., 2015. Evaluation of environmental flows in rivers using hydrological methods (case study: the Barandozchi River- Urmia lake basin). Water and Soil, Vol.29, Issue5, pp.1219-1231. (persian)
|
- Smakhtin, V.U., Revenga, C. and Doll, P., 2004. A pilot global assessment of environment water requirement and scarcity. International water resources association, Vol.29, Issue.3, pp.307-317.
|
- Shaeri Karimi, S., Yasi, M. & Eslamian, S., 2012. Use of hydrological methods for assessment of environmental flow in a river reach. International journal of environmental science and technology, Vol.9, Issue3, pp.549-558.
|
- Pastor, A. V., Ludwig, F., Biemans, H., Hoff, H. and Kabat, P., 2014. Accounting for environmental flow requirements in global water assessments. Hydrology and earth system sciences, Vol.18, Issue.12, pp.5041-5059.
|
- Noori, G. and Aghaei, V., 2012. Assessment of the Environmental Risks of the Urmia Lake Peripheral Parts Due to the Lake's Border Fluctuations During 1985 to 2010. Journals Management System, Vol.1, Issue. 2, pp.79-94. (In Persian)
|
- Sadeghian, M. S., Heydari, M., Noori, M., Ebrahimi, F. and ShahiriParsa, A., 2014. Evaluating the suspended sediment of mahabad dam using statistical methods. Journal of river engineering, Vol.2, Issue.7.
|
- Tennant, D.L., 1976. Instream flow regimens for fish, wildlife, recreation and related environmental resources. Journal of fisheries, Vol.1, Issue. 4, pp.6-10.
|
- Tharme, R.E., 2003. A Global perspective on environmental flow assessment: emerging trends in the development and application of environmental flow methodologies for rivers. River research and applications, Vol.19, Issue.5, pp.397-441.
|
- The standard of water and waste water industry, 2010. Draft of guidelines for determining the minimum water requirement of aquatic ecosystems. Ministry of Power, Assistant of Water and Wastewater Affair, 113 p. (In Persian)
|
- Tessman, S.A., 1980. Environmental assessment, technical appendix e, in environmental use sector reconnaissance elements of the western Dakotas region of South Dakota study. Water resources research institute, South dakota state university, Brookings, SD.
|
- Smakhtin, V.U. and Anputhas, M., 2006. An assessment of environmental flow requirements of Indian River basins. IWMI research report 107. International water management institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 36 pages.
|
- Hughes, D.A. and Hannart, P., 2003. A desktop model used to provide an initial estimate of the ecological instream flow requirements of rivers in South Africa.Journal of hydrology, Vol.270, Issue.3, pp.167-181.
|
- Pyrce R., 2004. Hydrological low flow indices and their uses. WSC report 4, Watershed science centre, Trent university, Peterborough, Ontario, 33 p.
|
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- Dyson, M., Bergkamp, G. and Scanlon, J., 2003. The essentials of environmental flows. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
|
- Abdi, R., Yasi, M., Sokooti Oskoui, R. and Mohammadi, E., 2014. Environmental requirement assessment in Zarrinehrood River by hydrological methods. Watershed Engineering and Management, Vol.6, Issue3, pp.211-223. (In Persian)
|
- Mostafavi, S. and Yasi, M., 2015. Evaluation of environmental flows in rivers using hydrological methods (case study: the Barandozchi River- Urmia lake basin). Water and Soil, Vol.29, Issue5, pp.1219-1231. (persian)
|
- Smakhtin, V.U., Revenga, C. and Doll, P., 2004. A pilot global assessment of environment water requirement and scarcity. International water resources association, Vol.29, Issue.3, pp.307-317.
|
- Shaeri Karimi, S., Yasi, M. & Eslamian, S., 2012. Use of hydrological methods for assessment of environmental flow in a river reach. International journal of environmental science and technology, Vol.9, Issue3, pp.549-558.
|
- Pastor, A. V., Ludwig, F., Biemans, H., Hoff, H. and Kabat, P., 2014. Accounting for environmental flow requirements in global water assessments. Hydrology and earth system sciences, Vol.18, Issue.12, pp.5041-5059.
|
- Noori, G. and Aghaei, V., 2012. Assessment of the Environmental Risks of the Urmia Lake Peripheral Parts Due to the Lake's Border Fluctuations During 1985 to 2010. Journals Management System, Vol.1, Issue. 2, pp.79-94. (In Persian)
|
- Sadeghian, M. S., Heydari, M., Noori, M., Ebrahimi, F. and ShahiriParsa, A., 2014. Evaluating the suspended sediment of mahabad dam using statistical methods. Journal of river engineering, Vol.2, Issue.7.
|
- Tennant, D.L., 1976. Instream flow regimens for fish, wildlife, recreation and related environmental resources. Journal of fisheries, Vol.1, Issue. 4, pp.6-10.
|
- Tharme, R.E., 2003. A Global perspective on environmental flow assessment: emerging trends in the development and application of environmental flow methodologies for rivers. River research and applications, Vol.19, Issue.5, pp.397-441.
|
- The standard of water and waste water industry, 2010. Draft of guidelines for determining the minimum water requirement of aquatic ecosystems. Ministry of Power, Assistant of Water and Wastewater Affair, 113 p. (In Persian)
|
- Tessman, S.A., 1980. Environmental assessment, technical appendix e, in environmental use sector reconnaissance elements of the western Dakotas region of South Dakota study. Water resources research institute, South dakota state university, Brookings, SD.
|
- Smakhtin, V.U. and Anputhas, M., 2006. An assessment of environmental flow requirements of Indian River basins. IWMI research report 107. International water management institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 36 pages.
|
- Hughes, D.A. and Hannart, P., 2003. A desktop model used to provide an initial estimate of the ecological instream flow requirements of rivers in South Africa.Journal of hydrology, Vol.270, Issue.3, pp.167-181.
|
- Pyrce R., 2004. Hydrological low flow indices and their uses. WSC report 4, Watershed science centre, Trent university, Peterborough, Ontario, 33 p.
|