تحلیل و ارزیابی کنترل فرکانس مشارکتی ترکیبی ریز شبکه جزیرهای در حالت برونرفت پانل خورشیدی و تغییرات بار
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست
مریم رحمانی
1
,
فرامرز فقیهی
2
,
بابک مظفری
3
1 - کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی برق قدرت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، عضو هیاتعلمی دانشکده برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران (مسوول مکاتبات).
3 - دانشیار، عضو هیاتعلمی دانشکده برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/09/29
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/11/27
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/07/01
کلید واژه:
ریز شبکه,
سیستم ذخیره انرژی باتری,
کنترل مشارکتی,
کنترل فرکانس,
پانل خورشیدی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در این مطالعه هدف اصلی کنترل فرکانس ریز شبکه در حالت جزیرهای با سناریوهای ممکن الوقوع است. ریز شبکهها قابلیت عملکرد در حالت مستقل از شبکه یا جزیرهای رادارند. یکی از مهمترین مشکلات رایج در ریز شبکهها در حالت عملکرد مستقل ناپایداری فرکانس و یا نوسانات فرکانس است.روش بررسی: در جهت کنترل سریع فرکانس در هرلحظه باید تعادل توانی مابین تولید و مصرف برقرار شود که این مهم توسط منابع ذخیره انرژی از قبیل باتری قابل انجام است. واحد باتری همراه باواسط ادوات الکترونیک قدرت (سیستم ذخیره انرژی باتری) به دلیل دارا بودن زمان پاسخ دینامیکی خیلی سریع اگر بهخوبی طراحیشده باشد میتواند به پایداری فرکانس سیستم از طریق تزریق یا جذب توان اکتیو کمک کند. با شبیهسازی در محیط MATLAB/SIMULINK و ارائه روش کنترلی مشارکتی دو سناریو تعریف میشود، سناریو اول ریز شبکه جزیره شده صرفاً با تغییرات بار است؛ اما در سناریو دوم علاوه بر تغییرات بار پانل خورشیدی هم از ریز شبکه خارج میشود.یافتهها: در هر دو سناریو با تغییرات بار و برونرفت پانل خورشیدی با روش کنترلی شبیهسازیشده پیشنهادی، مشاهده شد که نوسانات فرکانس در حد چند دهم ثانیه به 50 Hz بازمیگردد و در همین زمان باتری پس از اعمال توان به مقدار کمینه خود بازمیگردد. همچنین انحرافات ولتاژ را در محدودهی نرمال خود نگاه میدارد. با تنظیم ضرایب کنترلی این روند میرایی برای فرکانس را میتوان بهبود بخشید. نتیجهگیری: روش کنترل فرکانس مشارکتی جدید بانام کنترل فرکانس ترکیبی سیستم ذخیره انرژی باتری و دیزل ژنراتور ارائه داده شد. این کنترل مشارکتی روش کار آیی را در طول عملکرد جزیرهای برای کنترل نوسانات فرکانس و بازگرداندن توان سیستم ذخیره انرژی باتری به کمینه ارائه میدهد و با تنظیم ضرایب کنترلی این روند میرایی برای فرکانس را بهبود بخشید.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: This paper proposes frequency control of micro grids in islanding mode with expected scenarios. Micro grids are able to operate in islanding mode. One of the most important difficulties for micro grid in islanding mode is frequency instability or frequency fluctuation. Method: For rapid Frequency Control, power balance between generation and consumption should be provided momentary which can be achieved with ESS like batteries. Battery station with power electronics devices interface (BESS) due to having very fast dynamic response well designed can lead to improve frequency stability via absorption or injection of active power. Normally to achieve maximum usage of battery capacity considering available charge, choosing efficient control method is so crucial. Two different scenarios are considered to prove of efficiency of proposes cooperative control method using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. In the first scenario on islanding mode micro grid is studied in case of load variation but in another scenario both solar panel outage and load variation solar occurrence are simulated. Findings: In both scenarios, the proposed control method is simulated by changing the load and solar cell outflow. It was observed that the frequency oscillations were attenuated by a few tens of seconds and at the same time the battery returned to its minimum value after power was applied. It also keeps the voltage deviations within its normal range. By adjusting the control coefficients, this damping process for frequency fluctuations can be improved. Discussion and conclusion: A new cooperative frequency control method is introduced by combination of frequency control strategy and battery energy storage system via diesel generator attendance, the suggested method presents an efficient method during islanding mode operation of micro grid for frequency fluctuation considering minimum requested power of BESS, provide setting of control coefficients causes improvement of damping rate as well.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Tripathy, S., Kalantar, M., et al, 1991.Dynamic and stability of wind and diesel turbine generators with superconductingmagnetic energy storage unit on an isolated power system, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 579–585.
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Thounthong, P., Rael, S., 2009.Analysis of supercapacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247–255.
Yunwei, L., Mahinda, D., Poh, V., et al, 2004.Design, analysis, and real-time testing of a controller for multibus microgrid system, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1195–1204.
Li, W., Kao, C., 2009.An accurate power control strategy for power electronics-interfaced distributed generation units operating in a low voltage multi bus micro grid, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 2977–2988.
Tanabe, T., Suzuki, S., Ueda, et al, 2009.Control performance verification of power system stabilizer with an EDLC in islanded micro grid, IEEE Trans. Power and Energy, vol. 129, no. 1, pp. 139–147.
Lopes, J., Moreira, C., et al, 2006.Defining control strategies for micro grids islanded operation,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 916–924.
Thounthong, P., Rael, P., Davat, B., March 2009. Analysis of super capacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247–255.
Xu, Y., Zhang, W., Hug, et al, 2015.Cooperative control of distributed energy storage systems in a microgrid,
IEEE Trans. Smart Grid., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 238–248.
Lopes, J., Moreira, C., Madureira, A., May 2006.Defining control strategies for microgrids islanded operation. IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 916–924.
Teleke, S., Baran, M., Huang, A., Bhattacharya, S., Anderson, L., Septemner 2009.Control strategies for battery energy storage for wind farm
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Sao, C., Lehn, P., April 2005.Control and power management of converter fed microgrid. IEEE Transactions on Power Syst., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1009–1016.
Nikkhajoei, H., Iravani, R., 2007.Steady-state model and power flow analysis of electronically-coupled distributed resource units.IEEE Trans. on Power Del., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 721–728.
Chen, Ch., Wang, Y., Lai, et al, 2010.Design of parallel inverters for smooth mode transfer microgrid applications. IEEE Trans. on Power Electron., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 6–16, 2010.
Katiraei, F., Iravani, R., Hatziargyriou, N., Dimeas, A., 2008.Microgrids management. Power and Energy Magazine, IEEE, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 54 –65.
Amorim, A.,Cardoso, L., Oyarzabal, J., et al, 2005.Analysis of the connection of a micro turbine to a low voltage grid, Int. Conf. Future Power System ,pp.16–18.
Saha, A., Chowdhury, C., Chowdhury, S., et al, 2009.Modeling and performance analysis of a micro turbine as a distributed energy resource, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 529–538.
Zbiniew, L., Janusz, W., 2007.Supervisory control of a wind farm, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 985–994.
Teleke, S., Baran, M., Huang, A., Bhattacharya, S., et al, 2009.Control strategies for battery energy storage for wind farm dispatching, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 725–73.
Abbey. C., Joos, G., 2007.Supercapacitor energy storage for wind energy applications, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 769–776.
Pascal, M., Rachid, C., et al, 2009.Optimizing a battery energy storage system for frequency control application in an isolated power system, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1469–1477.
Tripathy, S., Kalantar, M., et al, 1991.Dynamic and stability of wind and diesel turbine generators with superconductingmagnetic energy storage unit on an isolated power system, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 579–585.
Kim, A., Seo, H., et al, 2010.Operating characteristic analysis of HTS SMES for frequency stabilization of dispersed power generation system, IEEE Trans. Appl. Superconductivity, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1334–1338.
Thounthong, P., Rael, S., 2009.Analysis of supercapacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247–255.
Yunwei, L., Mahinda, D., Poh, V., et al, 2004.Design, analysis, and real-time testing of a controller for multibus microgrid system, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1195–1204.
Li, W., Kao, C., 2009.An accurate power control strategy for power electronics-interfaced distributed generation units operating in a low voltage multi bus micro grid, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 2977–2988.
Tanabe, T., Suzuki, S., Ueda, et al, 2009.Control performance verification of power system stabilizer with an EDLC in islanded micro grid, IEEE Trans. Power and Energy, vol. 129, no. 1, pp. 139–147.
Lopes, J., Moreira, C., et al, 2006.Defining control strategies for micro grids islanded operation,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 916–924.
Thounthong, P., Rael, P., Davat, B., March 2009. Analysis of super capacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247–255.
Xu, Y., Zhang, W., Hug, et al, 2015.Cooperative control of distributed energy storage systems in a microgrid,
IEEE Trans. Smart Grid., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 238–248.
Lopes, J., Moreira, C., Madureira, A., May 2006.Defining control strategies for microgrids islanded operation. IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 916–924.
Teleke, S., Baran, M., Huang, A., Bhattacharya, S., Anderson, L., Septemner 2009.Control strategies for battery energy storage for wind farm