بررسی تجمع عناصر کروم و نیکل در خاک‌ اطراف شهرک صنعتی شماره 3 اراک

محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی خاک

سید امیر احمدی ¹ (دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد محیط‌زیست، گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران.)
سهیل سبحان اردکانی ² (دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/02/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/05/01

کلید واژه: GIS, شهرک صنعتی شماره 3 اراک, فلز سنگین, آلودگی خاک,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: بررسی توزیع مکانی آلاینده ها به منظور پایش آلودگی خاک و حفظ کیفیت محیط‌زیست امری ضروری است. لذا این پژوهش با هدفتعیین تجمع کروم و نیکل و تهیه نقشه توزیع مکانی عناصر در خاک‌ اطراف شهرک صنعتی شماره 3 اراک در سال 1392 انجام شده است. روش بررسی: بدین منظور، پس از انتخاب 10 ایستگاه در شعاع 5 کیلومتری شهرک، در مجموع 20 نمونه خاک سطحی و عمقی برداشت شد. پس از تعیین برخی خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، نسبت به هضم اسیدی نمونه‌ها و قرائت غلظت عناصر توسط دستگاه نشر اتمی اقدام شد. پردازش آماری داده‌ها و تهیه نقشه پهنه بندی عناصر نیز به‌ترتیب توسط نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و ArcGIS انجام یافت. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که بیشینه میانگین غلظت کروم در نمونه‌های خاک سطحی و عمقی (میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) با 97/1±50/15 و 65/1±00/13 به‌ترتیب مربوط به ایستگاه 2 و بیشینه میانگین غلظت نیکل در خاک سطحی و عمقی (میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) با 90/1±25/19 و 02/2±50/18 به‌ترتیب مربوط به ایستگاه‌های 9 و 2 بوده است. نتایج مقایسه میانگین غلظت تجمع‌یافته کروم و نیکل در نمونه های خاک سطحی و عمقی با رهنمود WHO نشان داد که میانگین غلظت هر دو عنصر در نمونه ها کوچک‌تر از بیشینه رواداری WHO بوده است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: عدم تجاوز میانگین غلظت عناصر کروم و نیکل در نمونه ها از بیشینه رواداری WHO را می‌توان با عواملی همچون اعمال مدیریت محیط‌زیستی در واحدهای مستقر در شهرک، جهت وزش باد غالب که عمدتاً به سمت اراضی بایر سمت غرب منطقه است، وسعت اندک اختصاص یافته به کاربری کشت آبی و به‌تبع آن عدم استفاده بیش از حد از نهاده‌های کشاورزی مرتبط دانست.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Spatial distribution of contaminants is essential for soil pollution monitoring and maintaining environmental quality. Therefore this study was carried out for evaluation of Cr and Ni concentrations in soil samples collected from around the Arak III Industrial Estate in 2013 and preparing the zoning map of metals. Method: After selecting 10 sampling stations within a radius of 5 km from the industrial estate, a total of 20 soil samples were collected from topsoils and subsoils. Then some physical and chemical properties of soil were determined. For determination of heavy metals concentration in soil samples, using ICP-OES (Varian, 710-ES, Australia) when soil digestion was complete. All statistical analyses were done by SPSS software, version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., USA). Also, the spatial distribution maps of elements in soil samples were prepared using IDW method. Findings: The results showed that maximum mean concentration of Cr in topsoils and subsoils samples were found in sampling station II with 15.50±1.97 and 13.00±1.65 mg/kg, respectively, and maximum mean concentration of Ni in topsoils and subsoils samples were found in sampling stations IX and II with 19.25±1.90 and 18.50±2.02 mg/kg, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Comparative evaluation of Cr and Ni contents in different studied soil samples showed that the mean concentrations of Cr and Ni in all topsoils and subsoils due to implementation of environmental management of industrial units in Arak III Industrial Estate and minimal use of agricultural inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides were significantly lower than WHO permissible limits for soil contamination

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