شبیه سازی و تحلیل ترمودینامیکی و زیستمحیطی نیروگاه تولید برق و بخار پالایشگاه نفت تهران
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی هوامحمد حسن خوشگفتارمنش 1 , محمد تولمی 2
1 - استادیار، آزمایشگاه پژوهشی سیستمهای انرژی، محیط زیست و بیولوژیک، بخش علوم حرارتی و سیستمهای انرژی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - مربی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.
کلید واژه: نیروگاه برق و بخار, پالایشگاه نفت, اثرات زیستمحیطی, شبیه سازی ترمودینامیکی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: پالایشگاههای نفت از جمله انرژی بر ترین صنایع موجود می باشند و آلاینده های زیادی تولید می کنند. لذا شبیه سازی ترمودینامیکی به منظور بررسی عملکرد تجهیزات، تخمین آلاینده ها و اثرات زیست محیطی از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. در این مقاله شبیه سازی و تحلیل ترمودینامیکی و زیست محیطی واحد تولید برق و بخار پالایشگاه تهران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش بررسی: در این خصوص دو سناریو برای بهبود عملکرد سامانه تولید همزمان توان و بخار پالایشگاه تهران پیشنهاد شده است. شبیه سازی ترمودینامیکی تجهیزات اصلی سامانه تولید توان و بخار در محیط Matlab انجام شده است. به منظور ارزیابی جوابهای شبیه سازی، از نرم افزار Thermoflex و Star استفاه گردیده است. همچنین برای تخمین اثرات زیست محیطی بر اساس تحلیل چرخه زندگی از نرم افزار Sima Pro استفاده شده است. یافته ها: نتایج نشان می دهد دقت شبیه سازی ترمودینامیکی بسیار بالا می باشد. میزان توان توربین های بخار در سناریو دو و سه 87/8 درصد افزایش یافته است. همچنین اثرات زیست محیطی در سناریو دوم 16 درصد و در سناریو سوم حدود 60 درصد کاهش یافته است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: با توجه به سناریوهای پیشنهادی و بهینه سازی شبکه بخار پالایشگاه تهران، راندمان شبکه افزایش مصرف انرژی و تولید آلاینده ها کاهش چشمگیری می یابد.
Background and Objectives: Oil refineries are the most energy-intensive industries and produce a lot of pollutions. So, thermodynamic simulation is important for performance analysis of equipment, estimation of emissions and environmental impacts. In this paper, simulation and thermodynamic and environmental analysis of Tehran refinery power and steam plant have been studied. Method: In this regards, two scenarios for performance improvement of steam and power system have been proposed for Tehran refinery. Thermodynamic simulation of each main component has been performed in Matlab Environment. To verification of simulation results, Thermoflex and Star software have been employed. Also, Sima Pro software has been used for estimation of environmental impacts based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Findings: Results show the accuracy of the thermodynamic simulation is very high. The power of steam turbines has been increased by 8.87 % in the second and third scenarios. Also, the environmental impacts have been reduced 16 % in second and 60% in third scenarios. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the proposed scenarios and optimization of Tehran Refinery steam network, the efficiency of the network increases energy consumption and production of pollutants is significantly reduced.
- Jafari Nasr, M.R., AN OPTIMIZATION APPROACH TO REFINERY STEAM MANAGEMENT WITH CONSIDERATION OF CO2 EMISSION. Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology, 2014. 4(1): p. 73-84.
- Nishio, M., et al., A Thermodynamic Approach to Steam-Power System Design. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 1980. 19(2): p. 306-312.
- Aguilar, O., et al., Design and Optimization of Flexible Utility Systems Subject to Variable Conditions: Part 1: Modelling Framework. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2007. 85(8): p. 1136-1148.
- Varbanov, P.S., S. Doyle, and R. Smith, Modelling and Optimization of Utility Systems. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2004. 82(5): p. 561-578.
- Petroulas, T. and G.V. Reklaitis, Computer-aided synthesis and design of plant utility systems. AIChE Journal, 1984. 30(1): p. 69-78.
- Papoulias, S.A. and I.E. Grossmann, A structural optimization approach in process synthesis—I: Utility systems. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1983. 7(6): p. 695-706.
- K., R., Total site integration. 1994, Manchester (UMIST).
- Klemeš, J., et al., Targeting and design methodology for reduction of fuel, power and CO2 on total sites. Applied Thermal Engineering, 1997. 17(8): p. 993-1003.
- El-Halwagi, M., D. Harell, and H. Dennis Spriggs, Targeting cogeneration and waste utilization through process integration. Applied Energy, 2009. 86(6): p. 880-887.
- Bandyopadhyay, S., J. Varghese, and V. Bansal, Targeting for cogeneration potential through total site integration. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010. 30(1): p. 6-14.
- Ghannadzadeh, A., S. Perry, and R. Smith, Cogeneration targeting for site utility systems. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012. 43: p. 60-66.
- Kapil, A., et al., Site-wide low-grade heat recovery with a new cogeneration targeting method. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2012. 90(5): p. 677-689.
- Khoshgoftar Manesh, M.H., et al., A new cogeneration targeting procedure for total site utility system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013. 54(1): p. 272-280.
- Khoshgoftar Manesh, M.H., et al., A new targeting method for estimation of cogeneration potential and total annualized cost in process industries. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2013. 91(6): p. 1039-1049.
- Manesh, M.H.K., et al., New emissions targeting strategy for site utility of process industries. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013. 30(4): p. 796-812.
- Mavromatis, S.P. and A.C. Kokossis, Conceptual optimisation of utility networks for operational variations—I. targets and level optimisation. Chemical Engineering Science, 1998. 53(8): p. 1585-1608.
- Shang, Z., Analysis and optimisation of total site utility systems. 2000, Manchester.
- Shang, Z. and A. Kokossis, A Transhipment Model for the Optimisation of Steam Levels of Total Site Utility System for Multiperiod Operation. Vol. 28. 2004. 1673-1688.
- Rizk, N.K. and H.C. Mongia, Semianalytical Correlations for NOx, CO, and UHC Emissions. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1993. 115:(3) p. 612-619.
- Singh, B., A.H. Strømman, and E. Hertwich, Life cycle assessment of natural gas combined cycle power plant with post-combustion carbon capture, transport and storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2011. 5(3): p. 457-466.
- Meyer, L., et al., Exergoenvironmental analysis for evaluation of the environmental impact of energy conversion systems. Energy, 2009. 34(1): p. 75-89.
- Goedkoop, M. and r. spriensma, Eco-indicator 99 Methodology report. 2001.
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- Jafari Nasr, M.R., AN OPTIMIZATION APPROACH TO REFINERY STEAM MANAGEMENT WITH CONSIDERATION OF CO2 EMISSION. Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology, 2014. 4(1): p. 73-84.
- Nishio, M., et al., A Thermodynamic Approach to Steam-Power System Design. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 1980. 19(2): p. 306-312.
- Aguilar, O., et al., Design and Optimization of Flexible Utility Systems Subject to Variable Conditions: Part 1: Modelling Framework. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2007. 85(8): p. 1136-1148.
- Varbanov, P.S., S. Doyle, and R. Smith, Modelling and Optimization of Utility Systems. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2004. 82(5): p. 561-578.
- Petroulas, T. and G.V. Reklaitis, Computer-aided synthesis and design of plant utility systems. AIChE Journal, 1984. 30(1): p. 69-78.
- Papoulias, S.A. and I.E. Grossmann, A structural optimization approach in process synthesis—I: Utility systems. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1983. 7(6): p. 695-706.
- K., R., Total site integration. 1994, Manchester (UMIST).
- Klemeš, J., et al., Targeting and design methodology for reduction of fuel, power and CO2 on total sites. Applied Thermal Engineering, 1997. 17(8): p. 993-1003.
- El-Halwagi, M., D. Harell, and H. Dennis Spriggs, Targeting cogeneration and waste utilization through process integration. Applied Energy, 2009. 86(6): p. 880-887.
- Bandyopadhyay, S., J. Varghese, and V. Bansal, Targeting for cogeneration potential through total site integration. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010. 30(1): p. 6-14.
- Ghannadzadeh, A., S. Perry, and R. Smith, Cogeneration targeting for site utility systems. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012. 43: p. 60-66.
- Kapil, A., et al., Site-wide low-grade heat recovery with a new cogeneration targeting method. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2012. 90(5): p. 677-689.
- Khoshgoftar Manesh, M.H., et al., A new cogeneration targeting procedure for total site utility system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013. 54(1): p. 272-280.
- Khoshgoftar Manesh, M.H., et al., A new targeting method for estimation of cogeneration potential and total annualized cost in process industries. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2013. 91(6): p. 1039-1049.
- Manesh, M.H.K., et al., New emissions targeting strategy for site utility of process industries. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013. 30(4): p. 796-812.
- Mavromatis, S.P. and A.C. Kokossis, Conceptual optimisation of utility networks for operational variations—I. targets and level optimisation. Chemical Engineering Science, 1998. 53(8): p. 1585-1608.
- Shang, Z., Analysis and optimisation of total site utility systems. 2000, Manchester.
- Shang, Z. and A. Kokossis, A Transhipment Model for the Optimisation of Steam Levels of Total Site Utility System for Multiperiod Operation. Vol. 28. 2004. 1673-1688.
- Rizk, N.K. and H.C. Mongia, Semianalytical Correlations for NOx, CO, and UHC Emissions. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1993. 115:(3) p. 612-619.
- Singh, B., A.H. Strømman, and E. Hertwich, Life cycle assessment of natural gas combined cycle power plant with post-combustion carbon capture, transport and storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2011. 5(3): p. 457-466.
- Meyer, L., et al., Exergoenvironmental analysis for evaluation of the environmental impact of energy conversion systems. Energy, 2009. 34(1): p. 75-89.
- Goedkoop, M. and r. spriensma, Eco-indicator 99 Methodology report. 2001.