جستاری حقوقی بر ارتباط سنجی تمرکز و مخاطرات طبیعی در تهران

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست

محمد زرشگی ¹ (استادیار گروه حقوق،واحد پردیس،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،پردیس،ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
سید محمد هاشمی ² (استاد، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی،تهران،ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/02/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/04/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/06/01

کلید واژه: اصل احتیاط, محیط زیست, اصول حقوق اداری, تمرکز, زلزله,

چکیده مقاله :

کلانشهر تهران به دلایل متعدد از جمله نوع مکان گزینی، توسعه فیزیکی نامناسب،عدم رعایت توسعه متوازن و آمایش سرزمین،عدم رعایت اصل احتیاط در مباحث زیست محیطی به عنوان اصلی پیشگیرانه و غیره همواره در معرض خطرات ناشی از مخاطرات طبیعی قرار داشته است.از جمله مخاطراتی که تهران را تهدید می کند،زمین لرزه قریب الوقوع و معضلات زیست محیطی مستقر است.تراکم جمعیتی اصلی ترین علت وجودی و وجوبی معضلات زیست محیطی مستقر در تهران می باشد. مسلما با وقوع زلزله احتمالی در تهران و با وجود تراکم جمعیتی موجود در پایتخت که 19 برابر میانگین کشوری است،میزان آسیب ها و تلفات ناشی از وقوع آن می تواند منجر به یک فاجعه انسانی شود.لذا می توان اعمال اصول حقوقی را راهکاری موثر برای غلبه بر معضلات بالا دانست.بااجرای قوانین موجود در زمینه تراکم زدایی از تهران از جمله:توسعه متوازن وآمایش سرزمین در چارچوب اصل تساوی، اجرای دولت الکترونیک در چارچوب اصل انطباق،کوچک سازی دولت در پرتو بند 10 اصل سوم قانون اساسی،تحقق دولت رفاه به معنای واقعی در چارچوب اصل انتظار مشروع،اهتمام جدی برای کاهش آسیب های ناشی از وقوع زلزله احتمالی و معضلات زیست محیطی مستقر در تهران در پرتو اعمال اصل احتیاط و... می توان تا حدود بسیار زیادی به عمده مشکلات این ابرشهر فائق آمد.در پژوهش حاضر قصد داریم از منظری حقوقی به ارائه راهکارهایی جهت کاهش آسیب های محتمل ناشی از خطرات طبیعی یادشده بپردازیم.روش تحقیق حاضر توصیفی-تحلیلی و کاربردی است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Tehran metropolis for many reasons including location type, inadequate physical development, lack of observance of balanced development and alignment of land, failure to observe the precautionary principle in environmental issues as a preventive principal, and ... always subject to the risks of natural hazards The population density is the main cause of existential and environmental problems in Tehran.Including threats that threaten Tehran, impending earthquakes and environmental problems. of course, with the possible earthquake in Tehran, and despite the population density in the capital, which is 19 times the national average, the damage rate and casualties resulting from it can lead to a human disaster. Therefore, the application of legal principles can be an effective solution for the most The above-described problems. By implementing the existing laws on the topic of  de localisation of Tehran, including: (balanced development and land testing in the framework of the principle of equality, the implementation of e-government in the framework of the principle of compliance, the reduction of government in the light of paragraph 10 of the third principle of the Constitution, the realization of welfare state means Real in the framework of the principle of legitimate expectation, serious efforts to reduce the damage caused by possible earthquakes and environmental problems in Tehran in the light of the application of the precautionary principle, etc.) can greatly overcome the major problems of this city.In the present study, we intend to provide a legal perspective to provide solutions to reduce the potential damage caused by these natural hazards.The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied.

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