بررسی روش های حذف آرسنیک از آب آشامیدنی با تاکید بر نانوذرات فلزی(دی اکسید تیتانیوم و اکسید روی) و کربن فعال

محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست

نسطونا قنبری سقرلو ¹ (دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.)
محمد ربانی ² (استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران. )
لیدا سلیمی ³ (استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
حسین غفوریان ⁴ (استاد گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.)
سید محمدتقی ساداتی پور ⁵ (استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران. )

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/06/09 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/09/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/10/01

کلید واژه: کربن فعال, آرسنیک, نانوذرات, فرایند اصلاح شده, تصفیه آب.,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: آرسنیک یکی از فلزات سنگین با اولویت بهداشتی بسیار بالا است. لذا این تحقیق با هدف بررسی روش های حذف آرسنیک از آب آشامیدنی با تاکید بر نانوذرات فلزی (دی اکسید تیتانیوم و اکسید روی) و کربن فعال انجام گرفته است. روش بررسی: این مطالعه از نوع مروری است. در این مطالعه کلیه مقالات موجود در پایگاه های داخلی و خارجی از قبیل ایران مدکس، ایران داک، SID وGoogle Scholar ، Direct science، پایگاه علمی اطلاع رسانی سازمان بهداشت جهانی، Pubmed از سال 2010 تا 2021 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها: بررسی و مرور مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه حذف آرسنیک از منابع آبی نشان داد روش های مختلفی مثل انعقاد و لخته سازی، تعویض یون، فیلتراسیون و جذب برای حذف آرسنیک از آب مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند. به دلیل کارائی مناسب، قیمت کم و راحتی به کارگیری و سایر ملاحظات راهبری و محیط زیستی، روش های جذب به خوبی برای حذف آرسنیک در منابع آبی معرفی شده اند. که یکی از روش‌های مطلوب کربن فعال است. در بین روش‌های مختلف جذب، کربن فعال جاذب خوبی برای حذف آرسنیک 5 ظرفیتی (As V) است و کارائی آن به منظور حذف آرسنیک 3 ظرفیتی (As III) نیاز به پیش اکسیداسیون دارد که این‌کار بهتر است با برخی اصلاحات بر روی کربن فعال انجام شود. به این منظور نانوذرات برای حذف آرسنیک بسیار بیشتر مورد نظر بوده است، چرا که کارائی حذف را می تواند بسیار بهبود ببخشد و نیاز به پیش اکسیداسیون در فرایند تصفیه آب را حذف کند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد که نانوذرات آهن به تنهایی یا در ترکیب با سایر فلزات، تیتانیوم در ترکیب با سایر فلزات به خصوص روی، سریوم و زیرکونیوم کارائی قابل توجهی دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Arsenic is one of the heavy metals with a very high health priority. High concentrations of arsenic in water sources can cause many problems, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular problems, and even some cancers in consumer populations. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the methods of removing arsenic from drinking water with emphasis on metal nanoparticles (titanium dioxide and zinc oxide) and activated carbon. Material and Methodology: This study was a review that was reviewed to study all articles in domestic and foreign databases such as IranModex, IranDock, SID and Google Scholar, Direct science, World Health Organization information base, Pubmed. The keywords heavy metals, arsenic, arsenic removal method, metal nanoparticles, surface water and groundwater were used to search. Findings: A review of studies on the removal of arsenic from water sources showed that since the separation and removal of arsenic from drinking water is very important, various methods such as coagulation and flocculation, ion exchange, filtration and adsorption to remove arsenic from water have been used. Due to good efficiency, low cost and ease of use and other management and environmental considerations, adsorption methods for arsenic removal in water resources have been well introduced. Which is one of the optimal methods of activated carbon. Among the various adsorption methods, activated carbon is a good adsorbent for the removal of 5-valent arsenic (As V), and its efficiency requires pre-oxidation to remove 3-valent arsenic (As III), which is best done with some modifications on activated carbon. For this purpose, nanoparticles have been considered much more for arsenic removal because they can greatly improve the removal efficiency and eliminate the need for pre-oxidation in the water treatment process. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that iron nanoparticles alone or in combination with other metals, titanium in combination with other metals, especially zinc, cerium and zirconium had significant efficiency.

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