پهنهبندی خطر زمینلغزش با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چند معیارهی مکانی (مطالعهی موردی:حوضهی آبخیز فریدن)
محورهای موضوعی : ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستیسید زینالعابدین حسینی 1 , احسان عربیان 2 , رضا قربانی 3 , سولماز عموشاهی 4 , وحیده طهماسبی 5 , محسن صادقیان 6
1 - استادیار، سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناس ارشد، سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
3 - کارشناس ارشد، سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
4 - دکتری، ارزیابی و آمایش محیط زیست، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گلستان، ایران.
5 - کارشناس ارشد، سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
6 - کارشناس ارشد، مدیریت بیابان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویر شناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
کلید واژه: مکانیابی, زمین لغزش, پهنهبندی, ارزیابی چند معیاره مکانی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: زمین لغز ش هاازجملهبلایایطبیعیهستندکهسالانهخسارت هایمالیوجانیزیادیرادرکشورایجادمی کنند.شناختمناطقپرخطرمی توانددرکاهشخسارت هاوتصمیم گیریدر سیاست هایتوسعهاراضیمؤثرباشد.تهیهنقشهپهنه بندیزمینلغزشاینامکانرافراهممیسازدکهمناطقآسیب پذیرشناساییودربرنامههایمحیطیمد نظرقرارگیرند. در این تحقیق روش چند متغیره برایتهیهنقشهقابلیتلغزشاراضیبا استفاده از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی و قواعد تصمیم گیری ارایه شد.هدف از ارایه ی نقشه قابلیت لغزش اراضی در این پژوهش کمک به کاهش خطرات ناشی از زمین لغزش و پشتیبانی از سیاست های توسعه ی اراضی در مقیاس حوضه ی آب خیز است. روش بررسی: نقشه های زمین شناسی، شیب، جهت دامنه، کاربری اراضی، فاصله از جاده، رودخانه و گسل به عنوان عوامل و نقشه شیب و رودخانه به عنوان محدودیت به سیستم معرفی شدند. پس از وزن دهی به عوامل و زیر عوامل نقشه ی حساسیت به زمین لغزش منطقه به صورت ارزش صفر تا یک به دست آمد. سپس نقشه ی نهایی به سه طبقه حساسیت ازخطر کم تا خطر زیاد طبقه بندی شد. یافتهها: نتایج نشان می دهد که عوامل بارندگی، زمین شناسی وشیب در وقوع زمین لغزش بالاترین تاثیر را داشته و باید با تاکید بیش تری جهت برنامه ریزی و سیاست گذاری های توسعه درحوضه مورد مطالعه مد نظر قرارگیرند. بحث و نتیجهگیری: در نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر نشان داده شده است که گروه اول عوامل شامل زمین شناسی، کاربری زمین، شیب و جهت شیب دارای وزن 6/0 و گروه دوم عوامل ازجمله فاصله از گسل، فاصله از رودخانه، بارندگی و فاصله از جاده وزن 4/0 را به خود اختصاص دادند.
Background and Objective: Landslides are classified as natural disasters that pose financial losses and deaths in the country annually. Besides, identification of high risk areas can be effective in reducing the damage and improving decisions on land-development policies. Preparation of landslide zoning map makes it possible to identify the vulnerable areas and use them in various environmental programs. In this study, the multi-criteria methods were presented to create the landslide capability map using geographical information system and decision rules. The aim of producing landslide capability map is to reduce the risks of landslides and support land development policies in the watershed scale. Method: In this regards, different factors such as geology, slope, aspect, landuse, distance to road, rivers and fault maps were employed. Additionally, slope and river maps were expressed as restrictions. After weighing the factors and sub-factors, the landslide sensitivity maps were converted to the values ranged as 0-1. Afterward, in terms of sensitivity the final map was classified to three classes of low risk, moderate risk and high risk. Findings: The results showed that some factors such as precipitation, geology and slope have the highest impact on landslide occurrence and should be considered with more emphasis in order to be used for planning and policy making in the study area. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, the first group factors including geology, landuse, slope and aspect and the second group factors including land distance from fault, river, road and rainfall are weighed as 0.6 and 0.4, respectively.
- Hassanzadeh Nafuti, M., 2000. Landslide risk zoning in Shalmanroud watershed ( Guilan province). master of degree thesis in watershed field, Tehran university (In Persian).
- Shariat Jafari, M., 1996. Landslide, basics and principles of natural slope stability. Sazeh publication, p. 218 ( In Persian).
- Nielsen, T.H., Wrigth, R.H., Vlasic, T.C., Spangle, W.E., 1979. Relative slope stability and land-use planning in the San Francisco Bay region, California. US Geological Survey Professional, P. 944.
- Haeri, S.M., Samiei, A.H., 1997. The slope of the new zones based on the risk of landslides zonation studies in Mazandaran Province, J. Earth Sci, 6(23), pp. 2-16.
- Nezhad Koorki, M., Ownegh, M., Sepehri, A.S., 2005. Landslide hazardous zoning in Golestan watershed Rudbar black, J. Agric. Sci. Nature. Resource, 12(3), pp. 91-99.
- Gupta, RP., Joshi, BC., 1989. Landslide hazard zoning using the GIS approach – a case study from the Ramganga catchment, Himalayas, Engineering Geology, 28, pp. 119–131.
- Magliulo, P., Di Lisio, A., Russo, F., Zelano, A., 2008. Geomorphology and landslide susceptibility assessment using GIS and bivariate statistics: a case study in southern Italy. Springer Science. Natural Hazards.
- Hassanzadeh Nafuti, M., 2010. Multiple models for landslide hazardous zoning, Proceedings of Indian Geotechnical Conference, 16-18 December.
- Foster, G. R. 2003., USER’S REFERENCE GUIDE. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Version 2, (RUSLE2).
- Aleotti ,P., Chowdhury ,R., 1999. Landslide hazard assessment: summary review and new perspectives. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 58, pp. 21– 44.
- Feiznia, S., 2000. Landslide hazardous zoning, Journal of Iran’s natural resources, pp. 207- 219.
- Ownegh, M. 2005. Landslide hazard zonation and damage watershed pilgrimage Gorgan, research projects, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
- Azimpour, A., Sadough, H., Dalal oghli, A., Servati, M.R., 2009. Evaluation of AHP model results in landslide hazard zoning ( Case study: Aharchai watershed), Geographic space journal, 26, pp. 71-87 ( In Persian).
- Shadfar, S., Yamani, M., Ghodousi, J., Ghayoumian, J., 2007. Landslide hazardous zoning using hierarchical analysis method (Case study: Chalkarud Tonekabon Water Basin), Journal of Research and Development in Natural Resources, 75, pp. 118- 126 ( In Persian).
- Malczewski, J., 2006. GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. I. J. Geographic Information Sci. 20(7), pp. 703-726.
- Guzzetti ,F., Carrarra, A., Cardinali, M., Reichenbach, P., 1999. Landslide hazard evaluation: a review of current techniques and their application in a multi-scale study, Central Italy, Geomorphology, 31, pp. 181–216.
- Ghodsipour, H., 2010. Analytical hierarchy process, Amirkabir university publication, seventh edition (In Persian).
- Jamali, A.A., Ashouri, P., Zarekia, S., 2010. Determining and prioritizing of flood spreading suitable sites for qanats, wells and springs recharging in arid region, pastures and desserts of Iran journal, 17 (1), pp. 106- 114 (In Persian).
- Dai, F.C., Lee, C.F., Ngai, YY., 2002, Landslide risk assessment and management, an overview, Eng Geo, 64, pp. 65–87.
- He, Y., Beighley, R.E., 2008, GIS-based regional landslide susceptibility mapping: a case study in southern California, Earth Surf. Process, Landforms, 33, pp. 380 –393.
- Jamali, A.A., Abdolkhani, A., 2009. Preparedness Against Landslide Disasters with Mapping of Landslide Potential by GIS- SMCE (Yazd-Iran), International Journal of Geo informatics, 5, No. 4, pp. 25-31.
- Castellanos, E., Van Westen, C.J., 2005. Development of a system for landslide risk assessment for Cuba, Proceedings International Conference on Landslide Risk Management, May 31–June 3, 2005,Vancouver. Pp. 764.
- Sharifi, M.A., Retsios, V., 2003. Site selection for waste disposal through spatial multiple criteria decision analysis, Proceedings of the 3rdInternational conference on decision support for telecommunications and information society DSTIS, 4-6 September, Warsaw, Poland, p. 15.
_||_
- Hassanzadeh Nafuti, M., 2000. Landslide risk zoning in Shalmanroud watershed ( Guilan province). master of degree thesis in watershed field, Tehran university (In Persian).
- Shariat Jafari, M., 1996. Landslide, basics and principles of natural slope stability. Sazeh publication, p. 218 ( In Persian).
- Nielsen, T.H., Wrigth, R.H., Vlasic, T.C., Spangle, W.E., 1979. Relative slope stability and land-use planning in the San Francisco Bay region, California. US Geological Survey Professional, P. 944.
- Haeri, S.M., Samiei, A.H., 1997. The slope of the new zones based on the risk of landslides zonation studies in Mazandaran Province, J. Earth Sci, 6(23), pp. 2-16.
- Nezhad Koorki, M., Ownegh, M., Sepehri, A.S., 2005. Landslide hazardous zoning in Golestan watershed Rudbar black, J. Agric. Sci. Nature. Resource, 12(3), pp. 91-99.
- Gupta, RP., Joshi, BC., 1989. Landslide hazard zoning using the GIS approach – a case study from the Ramganga catchment, Himalayas, Engineering Geology, 28, pp. 119–131.
- Magliulo, P., Di Lisio, A., Russo, F., Zelano, A., 2008. Geomorphology and landslide susceptibility assessment using GIS and bivariate statistics: a case study in southern Italy. Springer Science. Natural Hazards.
- Hassanzadeh Nafuti, M., 2010. Multiple models for landslide hazardous zoning, Proceedings of Indian Geotechnical Conference, 16-18 December.
- Foster, G. R. 2003., USER’S REFERENCE GUIDE. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Version 2, (RUSLE2).
- Aleotti ,P., Chowdhury ,R., 1999. Landslide hazard assessment: summary review and new perspectives. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 58, pp. 21– 44.
- Feiznia, S., 2000. Landslide hazardous zoning, Journal of Iran’s natural resources, pp. 207- 219.
- Ownegh, M. 2005. Landslide hazard zonation and damage watershed pilgrimage Gorgan, research projects, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
- Azimpour, A., Sadough, H., Dalal oghli, A., Servati, M.R., 2009. Evaluation of AHP model results in landslide hazard zoning ( Case study: Aharchai watershed), Geographic space journal, 26, pp. 71-87 ( In Persian).
- Shadfar, S., Yamani, M., Ghodousi, J., Ghayoumian, J., 2007. Landslide hazardous zoning using hierarchical analysis method (Case study: Chalkarud Tonekabon Water Basin), Journal of Research and Development in Natural Resources, 75, pp. 118- 126 ( In Persian).
- Malczewski, J., 2006. GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. I. J. Geographic Information Sci. 20(7), pp. 703-726.
- Guzzetti ,F., Carrarra, A., Cardinali, M., Reichenbach, P., 1999. Landslide hazard evaluation: a review of current techniques and their application in a multi-scale study, Central Italy, Geomorphology, 31, pp. 181–216.
- Ghodsipour, H., 2010. Analytical hierarchy process, Amirkabir university publication, seventh edition (In Persian).
- Jamali, A.A., Ashouri, P., Zarekia, S., 2010. Determining and prioritizing of flood spreading suitable sites for qanats, wells and springs recharging in arid region, pastures and desserts of Iran journal, 17 (1), pp. 106- 114 (In Persian).
- Dai, F.C., Lee, C.F., Ngai, YY., 2002, Landslide risk assessment and management, an overview, Eng Geo, 64, pp. 65–87.
- He, Y., Beighley, R.E., 2008, GIS-based regional landslide susceptibility mapping: a case study in southern California, Earth Surf. Process, Landforms, 33, pp. 380 –393.
- Jamali, A.A., Abdolkhani, A., 2009. Preparedness Against Landslide Disasters with Mapping of Landslide Potential by GIS- SMCE (Yazd-Iran), International Journal of Geo informatics, 5, No. 4, pp. 25-31.
- Castellanos, E., Van Westen, C.J., 2005. Development of a system for landslide risk assessment for Cuba, Proceedings International Conference on Landslide Risk Management, May 31–June 3, 2005,Vancouver. Pp. 764.
- Sharifi, M.A., Retsios, V., 2003. Site selection for waste disposal through spatial multiple criteria decision analysis, Proceedings of the 3rdInternational conference on decision support for telecommunications and information society DSTIS, 4-6 September, Warsaw, Poland, p. 15.