بررسی تأثیر حکم رانی خوب بر شاخص کیفیت محیط‌زیست در منتخبی از کشورهای در حال توسعه
محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیست
صدف احمدی نیاز
1
,
رضا زینل زاده
2
,
علی رئیس‌پور رجبعلی
3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته اقتصاد، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، واحدکرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، کرمان، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی ، واحدکرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه اقتصاد ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی ، واحد کرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمان، ایران.
کلید واژه: کیفیت محیط زیست, حکم رانی خوب, کشورهای در حال توسعه, پانل دیتا,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: با توجه به اهمیت مسایل محیط زیست، تمامی کشورها تلاش می کنند با برنامه ریزی صحیح و با به کارگیری روش های مناسب، هم به اهداف اقتصادی خود دست یابند و هم آسیب های زیست محیطی را به حداقل برسانند. در این میان عوامل زیادی بر تخریب محیط زیست و کیفیت آن تاثیر گذار هستند که در این تحقیق، هدف ما بررسی تاثیر شاخص های حکمرانی خوب بر کیفیت محیط زیست در منتخبی از کشورهای در حال توسعه می باشد. روش بررسی: با استفاده از مدل پانل دیتا در طول دوره 2000-2010 ، تاثیر حکم رانی خوب بر کیفیت محیط زیست در کشورهای در حال توسعه با به کارگیری منتخبی از متغیرهای مرتبط مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که میانگین شاخص های حکم رانی خوب تاثیر مستقیم و معنادار بر کیفیت محیط زیست در کشورهای منتخب در حال توسعه دارد. به عبارتی دیگر بهبود شاخص های حکم رانی به کاهش تخریب و ارتقاء کیفیت محیط زیست منجر شده است. هم چنین تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه حقیقی و تجارت نیز تاثیر مستقیم و معنادار بر کیفیت محیط زیست دارند. از طرفی مصرف سرانه انرژی و جریان ورود سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی تاثیر منفی بر کیفیت محیط زیست دارد که تاثیر جریان سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی از لحاظ آماری معنادار نمی باشد. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: بنابراین کشورهای در حال توسعه با بهبود حکم رانی و شاخص های آن می توانند در حفظ محیط زیست و ارتقای کیفیت آن عمل کرد مناسبی داشته باشند.
Background and Objective: Considering the importance of environmental degradation and pollution problems all countries attempt to schematize and apply appropriate procedures to achieve their economical goal and mimimize the environmental destructions. Environmental degradation and environment quality are affected by many factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of good governance indexes on environment quality in some selected developing countries. Method: Using the panel data model during 2000-2010, the impact of good governance on environmental quality in developing countries was examined by a series of related variables. Findings: The results showed that the mean good governance indexes has a direct and significant effect on the environment quality. Indeed, improvement of good governance index reduced the environmental degradation and increased the environment quality. Per capita gross domestic production and trade have a positive and significant effect on the environment quality. On the other hand, per capita energy consumption and foreign direct (FDI) investment affected the environment quality negatively, though the effect of FDI was not statistically significant. Discussion and Conclusion: Thus improvement of good governance can increase the environment quality in developing countries
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2- Pajuyan, J and Moran Hasel, N (2007), Effect of Economic Growth on Air Pollution, Iranian Journal of Economic Research, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp: 141-160. (In Persian)
3- Asghari, M and Salar Rafsanjaniepoor, S (2013), The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Environmental Quality of Selected MENA Countries, Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat-e-Eghtesadi), No. 9, pp: 1-30. (In Persian)
4- Hsiao-Tien, Pao, and Chung –Ming, Tsai (2010), Co2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in BRIC countries. Energy Policy, 36(10), pp: 685-7860.
5- Hamit-Haggar, M (2010), Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Pane, Cointegration Analysis from Canadian Industrial Sector Perspective, Energy Economics, Vol 33, pp: 342-361.
6- Shafipoor, M (2008), Air Pollution Engineering, First Edition, Tehran, City Publishing Institute. (In Persian)
7- Fotros, M. H., Ghaffari, H and Shahbazi, A (2010), Study of the Relationship Between Air Pollution and Economic Growth of Oil Exporting Countries, Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, No. 1, pp: 59-77. (In Persian)
8- Darghahie, H and Bahrami, G. M (2011), Factors Affecting Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Selected Economies of Industrialized Countries and Oil Exporting Countries OPEC, and Policy Recommendations for Iran: Panel Data Approches, Journal of Environment and Natural Resource Economics, No. 1, Vol. 1, pp: 73-99. (In Persian)
9- Fotros, M. H., Najjarzadeh, A and Pirooz Mohammadie, F (2012), Investigating the Relationship between Air Pollution, Energy Intensity and Openness of Iranian Economy, Economic Jouranl, wo Months Letter Examining Economic Issues and Policies, No. 11 &12, pp: 5-22. (In Persian)
10- Sametei, M., Ranjbar, H and Mohsenei, F (2011), Effect of Good Governance Indicators on Human Development Index Case Study: ASEAN, Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, No. 1, Vol. 4, pp: 183-223. (In Persian)
11- Kauffman, D., Kraay, A and Mastruzzi, M (2006), Governance Matters V: Governance Indicators for 1996-2005, World Bank.
12- Aron, J. (2000), Growth and Institutions: A Review of the Evidence, The World Bank Research Observer, 15, pp: 99-135.
13- Rutherford, M (2001), Institutional Economics: Then and Now, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, pp: 173-194.
14- Jalilian, H., Kirkpatrick, C and Parker, C (2006), The Impact of Regulation on Economic Growth in Developing Countries: A Cross-Country Analysis, World Development, 35, pp: 87-103.
15- Olson, M. (1996), Big Bills Left on the Sidewalk: Why Some Nations are Rich and others are Poor, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10, pp: 3-24.
16- Acemoglu, D., Simon, J and Robinson, J. A (2005), Institutions as the Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth, in P. Aghion and S. Durlauf, eds., Handbook of Economics Growth, North Holland.
17- Djankov, S., R. La Porta, F. Lopez-de-Silanes, and A. Shleider (2002), The Regulation of Entry, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117, pp: 1-37.
18- Safavian, M. S., Graham, D. H and Gonzalez-Vega, C (2001), Corruption and Microenterprises in Russia, World Development, 29, pp: 1215-1224.
19- Makdissi, P and Wodon, Q (2006), Environmental Regulation and Economic Growth under Education Externalities, Journal of Economic Development, 31(1), pp: 45-51.
20- Pushak, T., Tiongson, E. R and Varoudakis, A (2007), Public Finance, Governance and Growth in Transition Economies: Empirical Evidence from 1992-2004, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 4255, Washington, D.C
21- Damania, R., Fredriksson, P. G and List, J. A (2003), Trade Liberalization, Corruption and Environmental Policy Formation: Theory and Evidence, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 46, 490-512.
22- Welsch, H (2004), Corruption Growth and the Environment: A Cross-Country Analysis, Environment and Development Economics, 9: 663–693
23- Jalaian. K and Pajuyan, J (2011), The Effect of Green Taxes and Good Governance on the Environment in the OECD Countries, Quarterly Journal Economics, N.o. 1, Vol. 7, pp: 9-25. (In Persian)
24- Heydarei, M., Jafari, S. A and Elmei, Z (2012), Effect of Good Governance on the Environmental Performance Index in Selected Countries of the World, Master's Thesis, Mazandaran University. (In Persian)
25- Maddah, M and Abdollahei, M (2012), The Effect of Institutions Quality on Environmental Pollution in the Kuznets Curve Using the Static and Dynamic and Static Panel Data, (Case Study: OIC Countries), Quarterly Journal of Environmental Economics and Energy, No. 2, Vol. 5, pp: 171-186. (In Persian)
26- Shahabadei, A., Safaei, M and Karimie, M. M (2014), Comparison of the Effects of Good Governance Indicators on Environmental Performance of Developed Countries G7 and OPEC in 2000-2012, nternational Green Economy Online Conference, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
27- Tamazian, A and Rao, B. B (2010), Do Economic, Financial and Developments Matter for Environmental Degradation? Evidence from Transitional Economies, Energy Economics, No 32, pp: 137-145.
28- Castiglione, C., Infante, D and Smirnova, J (2011), Rule of Law and Environment Kuznets Curve: Evidence of Carbon Emission, the Working Paper, No 0111.
29- Gani, A (2012), The Relationship Between Good Governance and Carbon Dioxide mission: Evidence from Developing Economies, Journal of Economic Development, Vol 37, No. 1, pp: 77-93.
30- Halkos, E. G and Tzeremes, G (2012), Carbon dioxide emissions and governance: A Nonparametric Analysis for The G-20, MRPA Paper, No. 40387.
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1- Dasgupta, P. and Maller, K. G (1994), Poverty, Institutions and the Environmental Resource Base, World Bank Environment Paper, No. 9
2- Pajuyan, J and Moran Hasel, N (2007), Effect of Economic Growth on Air Pollution, Iranian Journal of Economic Research, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp: 141-160. (In Persian)
3- Asghari, M and Salar Rafsanjaniepoor, S (2013), The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Environmental Quality of Selected MENA Countries, Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat-e-Eghtesadi), No. 9, pp: 1-30. (In Persian)
4- Hsiao-Tien, Pao, and Chung –Ming, Tsai (2010), Co2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in BRIC countries. Energy Policy, 36(10), pp: 685-7860.
5- Hamit-Haggar, M (2010), Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Pane, Cointegration Analysis from Canadian Industrial Sector Perspective, Energy Economics, Vol 33, pp: 342-361.
6- Shafipoor, M (2008), Air Pollution Engineering, First Edition, Tehran, City Publishing Institute. (In Persian)
7- Fotros, M. H., Ghaffari, H and Shahbazi, A (2010), Study of the Relationship Between Air Pollution and Economic Growth of Oil Exporting Countries, Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, No. 1, pp: 59-77. (In Persian)
8- Darghahie, H and Bahrami, G. M (2011), Factors Affecting Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Selected Economies of Industrialized Countries and Oil Exporting Countries OPEC, and Policy Recommendations for Iran: Panel Data Approches, Journal of Environment and Natural Resource Economics, No. 1, Vol. 1, pp: 73-99. (In Persian)
9- Fotros, M. H., Najjarzadeh, A and Pirooz Mohammadie, F (2012), Investigating the Relationship between Air Pollution, Energy Intensity and Openness of Iranian Economy, Economic Jouranl, wo Months Letter Examining Economic Issues and Policies, No. 11 &12, pp: 5-22. (In Persian)
10- Sametei, M., Ranjbar, H and Mohsenei, F (2011), Effect of Good Governance Indicators on Human Development Index Case Study: ASEAN, Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, No. 1, Vol. 4, pp: 183-223. (In Persian)
11- Kauffman, D., Kraay, A and Mastruzzi, M (2006), Governance Matters V: Governance Indicators for 1996-2005, World Bank.
12- Aron, J. (2000), Growth and Institutions: A Review of the Evidence, The World Bank Research Observer, 15, pp: 99-135.
13- Rutherford, M (2001), Institutional Economics: Then and Now, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, pp: 173-194.
14- Jalilian, H., Kirkpatrick, C and Parker, C (2006), The Impact of Regulation on Economic Growth in Developing Countries: A Cross-Country Analysis, World Development, 35, pp: 87-103.
15- Olson, M. (1996), Big Bills Left on the Sidewalk: Why Some Nations are Rich and others are Poor, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10, pp: 3-24.
16- Acemoglu, D., Simon, J and Robinson, J. A (2005), Institutions as the Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth, in P. Aghion and S. Durlauf, eds., Handbook of Economics Growth, North Holland.
17- Djankov, S., R. La Porta, F. Lopez-de-Silanes, and A. Shleider (2002), The Regulation of Entry, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117, pp: 1-37.
18- Safavian, M. S., Graham, D. H and Gonzalez-Vega, C (2001), Corruption and Microenterprises in Russia, World Development, 29, pp: 1215-1224.
19- Makdissi, P and Wodon, Q (2006), Environmental Regulation and Economic Growth under Education Externalities, Journal of Economic Development, 31(1), pp: 45-51.
20- Pushak, T., Tiongson, E. R and Varoudakis, A (2007), Public Finance, Governance and Growth in Transition Economies: Empirical Evidence from 1992-2004, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 4255, Washington, D.C
21- Damania, R., Fredriksson, P. G and List, J. A (2003), Trade Liberalization, Corruption and Environmental Policy Formation: Theory and Evidence, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 46, 490-512.
22- Welsch, H (2004), Corruption Growth and the Environment: A Cross-Country Analysis, Environment and Development Economics, 9: 663–693
23- Jalaian. K and Pajuyan, J (2011), The Effect of Green Taxes and Good Governance on the Environment in the OECD Countries, Quarterly Journal Economics, N.o. 1, Vol. 7, pp: 9-25. (In Persian)
24- Heydarei, M., Jafari, S. A and Elmei, Z (2012), Effect of Good Governance on the Environmental Performance Index in Selected Countries of the World, Master's Thesis, Mazandaran University. (In Persian)
25- Maddah, M and Abdollahei, M (2012), The Effect of Institutions Quality on Environmental Pollution in the Kuznets Curve Using the Static and Dynamic and Static Panel Data, (Case Study: OIC Countries), Quarterly Journal of Environmental Economics and Energy, No. 2, Vol. 5, pp: 171-186. (In Persian)
26- Shahabadei, A., Safaei, M and Karimie, M. M (2014), Comparison of the Effects of Good Governance Indicators on Environmental Performance of Developed Countries G7 and OPEC in 2000-2012, nternational Green Economy Online Conference, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
27- Tamazian, A and Rao, B. B (2010), Do Economic, Financial and Developments Matter for Environmental Degradation? Evidence from Transitional Economies, Energy Economics, No 32, pp: 137-145.
28- Castiglione, C., Infante, D and Smirnova, J (2011), Rule of Law and Environment Kuznets Curve: Evidence of Carbon Emission, the Working Paper, No 0111.
29- Gani, A (2012), The Relationship Between Good Governance and Carbon Dioxide mission: Evidence from Developing Economies, Journal of Economic Development, Vol 37, No. 1, pp: 77-93.
30- Halkos, E. G and Tzeremes, G (2012), Carbon dioxide emissions and governance: A Nonparametric Analysis for The G-20, MRPA Paper, No. 40387.
