مقایسه تطبیقی و سنجش کیفیت محیط سکونتی نواب و اکباتان با استفاده از روشهایHMR و EFA
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیستمجتبی رفیعیان 1 , زهرا عسگری زاده 2 , فرزین امین صالحی 3
1 - عضو هیات علمی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران*(مسوول مکاتبات).
2 - دانشجوی دوره دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران.
3 - کارشناس ارشد، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران.
کلید واژه: کیفیت محیط سکونت شهری, رویکرد رضایتمندی, روش تحلیل رگرسیونی چند متغیره , روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی,
چکیده مقاله :
کیفیت محیط به عنوان بخشی از مفهوم کیفیت زندگی شناخته شده که در مقایسه با دیگر عوامل تاثیرگذار بر رضایتمندی افراد از زندگی کمتر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته شده است. امروزه افول کیفیت محیط و یا فقدان آن در محیطهای سکونتی به یکی از چالشهای عمده برنامهریزان و سیاستگذاران شهری تبدیل شده است. هدف اصلی این تحقیق مقایسه تطبیقی وضعیت کیفیت محیط از دید ساکنین محله نواب و شهرک اکباتان میباشد که با استفاده از رویکرد رضایت مندی سکونتی و تهیه مدل تجربی سنجش کیفیت محیط، در قالب تکمیل پرسشنامه میدانی انجام گرفت. دادهها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و روشهای آماری همچون تحلیل رگرسیونی چند متغیره سلسله مراتبی (HMR)، آزمون T تک نمونهای، تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه تحلیل شده و روایی و پایایی آن به ترتیب توسط روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (EFA) و آلفای کرونباخ سنجیده شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل ساکنین، میزان کیفیت محیط و سطح رضایتمندی شان را از محله نواب علیرغم سپری شدن مدت زمان کوتاهتری از اجرای آن نسبت به پروژه اکباتان (5>23/3>1 در مقابل 5>98/2>1) پایینتر ازریابی کردند. نتایج تحلیل نشان داد که در محله نواب متغیر بهداشت محیط (657/0β= ) و در شهرک اکباتان متغیر روابط اجتماعی (288/0β=) بالاترین میزان اهمیت را از دید ساکنین داشتند. تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی مدل تجربی به کار رفته را تایید کرد. ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، روایی پرسشنامه را در هر دو محله تایید کرد.
Quality of the environment is part of the overall concept of quality of life (QOL). Quality of the environment is considered to be of minor importance as compared to other aspects of QOL including one's health, family life, work, and social network. Nowadays, decline or loss of environmental quality in the urban residential environment is one of the most important crises for urban planners and policy makers. The main goal of the present research is to perfom a comparative study in two residential areas including Navab and Ekbatan neighborhoods. To this end, a questionnaire was used based on satisfaction approach and theoretical model of environmental quality. Data collection was conducted at the study field using a questioner filled in for a sample of 540 residents. Data analysis has been also conducted using the SPSS software and statistical methods such as Hierarchical Multiple Regression (HMR) approach, one sample T test and One Way Anova. Reliability and validity of the questionnaires were tested by Exploratory Factor Analysis and Cronbach's Alpha methods. According to the results, environmental quality in the Navab residential area was lower than 5>98/2>1) Versus(5>23/3>1 the environmental quality in the Ekbatan residential. Results of Hierarchical Multiple Regression show that the environmental hygiene factor in Navab (β=0/657) and the sociability factor in Ekbatan (β=./288) were of top-importance from the residents point of view. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis show that the experimental model of quality assessment was a good fit for quality evaluation. Results of Cronbach's Alpha in Navab (α=./87) and Ekbatan (α=./86) confirmed the validity of the questionnaire
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