افزایش تابآوری محیط زیست با تدوین راهبردهای فرهنگی – اجتماعی گردشگری شهری در راستای توسعه پایدار (نمونه موردی منطقه 22 تهران)
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست
حسن عسگری دئفه
1
,
علی محمدی
2
,
برهان ریاضی
3
,
بهار بیشمی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری رشته مدیریت محیط زیست ، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار محیط زیست، موسسه پویندگان محیط زیست، خیابان ولی عصر، پلاک 1103، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار پژوهشگاه میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری، پژوهشکده گردشگری، معاونت گردشگری، ساختمان حج ، خیابان رودکی، تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/05/04
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/07/10
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01
کلید واژه:
راهبردهای فرهنگی,
گردشگری شهری,
منطقه 22,
تابآوری,
توسعه پایدار,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: این تحقیق با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر افزایش تابآوری شهری در منطقه 22 تهران و تدوین راهبردهای کاربردی فرهنگی اجتماعی صورت رفته است. با توجه به پتانسیل بالای منطقه 22 تهران در جذب گردشگر بویژه اکوتوریسم و همچنین شرایط محیطی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی منطقه، این منطقه به عنوان نمونة مطالعة موردی انتخاب شده است که عوامل مؤثر بر تابآوری محیطزیست شهری در برابر حضور گردشگر در آن مورد مطالعه قرار میگیرد.روش بررسی: روش تحقیق به صورت طرح پرسشنامه برای گردشگران بود. این پرسشنامه شامل ابعاد، زیرساختی، ساختاری و کالبدی، زیست محیطی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی و مدیریتی بود. در مرحله بعد پرسشنامه CVM تمایل به پرداخت گردشگران در راستای حفظ و توسعه محیط زیست شهری منطقه 22 تهران، بررسی شد. متغیرهای وابسته و مستقل تحقیق با کمک الگوی لاجیت ارزیابی شد و نتایج به صورت اثر مثبت یا منفی متغیرها بر تابآوری محیط زیست منطقه 22 تهران محاسبه شد. در نهایت با کمک ماتریس TOWS راهبردهای مورد نیاز جهت مرتفع کردن مساله اصلی در تحقیق با کمک شناسایی نقاط قوت و ضعف و فرصت و تهدید، استخراج شد.نتایج: در نتایج الگوی لاجیت مشخص شد متغیرهای دریافت ورودی، وظیفهگرایی و علت سفر اثر منفی و متغیرهای سطح درآمد، سن، میزان تحصیلات و متغیر پیامدگرایی اثر مثبت در میزان تمایل به پرداخت افراد در حفظ و توسعه محیط زیست منطقه 22 تهران که در نهایت منجر به افزایش تابآوری میشود، دارد.نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج تحقیق، به نظر میرسد برنامه مدون و دقیق جهت کنترل عوامل مؤثر تابآوری زیست محیطی در کلانشهرها میتواند در ارتقاء کیفی محیط زیست شهری مؤثر باشد.زمینه و هدف: این تحقیق با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر افزایش تابآوری شهری در منطقه 22 تهران و تدوین راهبردهای کاربردی فرهنگی اجتماعی صورت رفته است. با توجه به پتانسیل بالای منطقه 22 تهران در جذب گردشگر بویژه اکوتوریسم و همچنین شرایط محیطی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی منطقه، این منطقه به عنوان نمونة مطالعة موردی انتخاب شده است که عوامل مؤثر بر تابآوری محیطزیست شهری در برابر حضور گردشگر در آن مورد مطالعه قرار میگیرد.روش بررسی: روش تحقیق به صورت طرح پرسشنامه برای گردشگران بود. این پرسشنامه شامل ابعاد، زیرساختی، ساختاری و کالبدی، زیست محیطی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی و مدیریتی بود. در مرحله بعد پرسشنامه CVM تمایل به پرداخت گردشگران در راستای حفظ و توسعه محیط زیست شهری منطقه 22 تهران، بررسی شد. متغیرهای وابسته و مستقل تحقیق با کمک الگوی لاجیت ارزیابی شد و نتایج به صورت اثر مثبت یا منفی متغیرها بر تابآوری محیط زیست منطقه 22 تهران محاسبه شد. در نهایت با کمک ماتریس TOWS راهبردهای مورد نیاز جهت مرتفع کردن مساله اصلی در تحقیق با کمک شناسایی نقاط قوت و ضعف و فرصت و تهدید، استخراج شد.نتایج: در نتایج الگوی لاجیت مشخص شد متغیرهای دریافت ورودی، وظیفهگرایی و علت سفر اثر منفی و متغیرهای سطح درآمد، سن، میزان تحصیلات و متغیر پیامدگرایی اثر مثبت در میزان تمایل به پرداخت افراد در حفظ و توسعه محیط زیست منطقه 22 تهران که در نهایت منجر به افزایش تابآوری میشود، دارد.نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج تحقیق، به نظر میرسد برنامه مدون و دقیق جهت کنترل عوامل مؤثر تابآوری زیست محیطی در کلانشهرها میتواند در ارتقاء کیفی محیط زیست شهری مؤثر باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and purpose: This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the increase of urban resilience in the 22nd district of Tehran and developing practical cultural and social strategies. Considering the high potential of the 22nd district of Tehran in attracting tourists, especially ecotourism, as well as the environmental, social and economic conditions of the area, this area has been selected as a case study example, where the factors affecting the resilience of the urban environment against the presence of tourists are studied.Research method: The research method was a questionnaire design for tourists. This questionnaire included infrastructural, structural and physical, environmental, economic, social, cultural and managerial dimensions. In the next step, the CVM questionnaire on tourists' willingness to pay in order to preserve and develop the urban environment of Tehran's 22nd district was investigated. The dependent and independent variables of the research were evaluated with the help of the logit model and the results were calculated as positive or negative effects of the variables on the environmental resilience of the 22nd district of Tehran. Finally, with the help of the TOWS matrix, the strategies needed to solve the main problem in the research were extracted with the help of identifying strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats.Results: In the results of the logit model, it was determined that the variables of receiving input, duty orientation and the reason for travel have a negative effect and the variables of income level, age, education level and the variable of consequentialism have a positive effect on the amount of people's willingness to pay for the preservation and development of the environment in the 22nd district of Tehran, which finally It leads to an increase in resilience.Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it seems that a detailed and codified program to control the effective factors of environmental resilience in metropolises can be effective in improving the quality of the urban environment.
منابع و مأخذ:
Taqvai, M;Pir Moradian, Z;Safarabadi, A. Feasibility of ecotourism development in Saman Chaharmahal Bakhtiari district, Geographical Space Scientific and Research Quarterly, 2011, Year 12, Number 40, pp.150-165.(in persian)
Zahedi, S., Basics of Sustainable Tourism and Ecotourism (Batkieh on the Environment), Allameh Tabatabai University Publications, 2010, first edition, pp.1-232. (in persian)
Imani, M.;Yousefi, F;Moradi, A;Abbasi, M.;Barzkar, M., Experimental zoning using ANP and AHP models for the development of tourism, a case study: Ashnoye city, Sepehr Geographical Information Scientific-Research Quarterly, 2016, 26(102), pp.19-34. (in persian)
Trigo, Ana, and Paula Silva. "Sustainable Development Directions for Wine Tourism in Douro Wine Region, Portugal" Sustainability, 2022, 14, no. 7: 3949.
Destek, M.A., Aydın, S. An empirical note on tourism and sustainable development nexus. Environ Sci Pollut Res, 2022, 29, 34515–34527.
Dabiri, Farhad, Khaltabari, Yalda, Zarei, Sahar.Achieving sustainable development from the perspective of international environmental law.Man and Environment, 2017, 16(1), 63-73. (in persian)
Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, Lynda-Ann Blanchard & Yoko Urbain, Peace through tourism: Critical reflections on the intersections between peace, justice, sustainable development and tourism,Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2022, 30:2-3,335-351.
Shodiyev, K. Scientific and Practical Aspects of Sustainable Development of Tourism in an Innovative Economy. Miasto Przyszłości, 2022, 24, 307–311.
Fazli, M.;Jafarsalehi, S., gap in attitude, knowledge and environmental behavior of tourists, scientific and research quarterly of tourism management studies, 2013, number 22, pp.142-168. (in persian)
Prior, P;Faradi, S.; Yavari, A.R.;Salehi, A;Herati, P., Development of ecological sustainability strategies to increase the resilience of the urban environment, Journal of Environment, 2013, Year 39, Number 1, pp. 123-132. (in persian)
Prashar, S., Shaw, R., & Takeuchi, Y. Assessing the resilience of Delhi to climate-related disasters: a comprehensive approach. Natural Hazards, 2012, 64(2), pp.1609-1624.
Arjamandi, Reza; Saub, Keyvan Jozi, Seyed Ali; Rezaei, Shima, Compilation of ecotourism development strategy in Alamut region by SWOT method, Sustainability, Development and Environment Quarterly, 2014, Volume 2, Number 2, pp. 15-31. (in persian)
Moulai Hashtjin, N; Rajabi Kalvani, P., Recognizing the environmental capabilities of Shaft city tourism for the development of ecotourism, Natural Geography Quarterly, 2019, Year 4, Number 14, pp. 1-12. (in persian)
Rezaei Souq, S., Tourism Development with an Environmental Sustainability Approach, First International Congress of Target Architecture, 2015, pp. 295-317. (in persian)
Handi, H., and Iqbali, N., and Sarwar, R., and Pishgahi Fard, Z. Assessment of environmental resilience at the level of neighborhoods in Chahardeh district of Tehran. Amais Mohit, 2019, 13(48), 1-19. (in persian)
Sayahnia, R. and Abbaszadeh, S., Resilience Concepts in Urban Environment (Karaj City), 15th National Conference on Environmental Impact Assessment of Iran, Tehran, 2016, 690-690. (in persian)
Hosseini Yaganeh, P., Lotfi, H., Emdadi, S., Examining the environmental effects of ecotourism and presenting a model of sustainable ecotourism, the third national conference on environment, energy and biodefense, Tehran, 2014, 588-599. (in persian)
Mortazavi, S. and Tabibian, M., Examining and explaining solutions for the environmental resilience of cities with an emphasis on the metropolises of Iran, 7th International Comprehensive Crisis Management Conference, Tehran, 2015, 1449-1459. (in persian)
Yun, C. EuiOh, C. & Chon, J. applying the resilience principles for sustainable ecotourism development: A case study of the Nakdong Estuary, South Korea. Tourism Management, 2021, 83, pp.142-151.
Connolly, C. From resilience to multi-species flourishing: (Re) imagining urban-environmental governance in Penang, Malaysia, Urban Studies, 2019, 57, pp.411-422.
Temblay, d. Desert tourism, scoping study desert knowledge. 2015, pp.1-189.
Higham, J., Critical Issues in Ecotourism. Routledge Published, London, 2015, 1-91.
Khodapanah, Kiyomarth, legal challenges of foreign tourists in Iran, the third international conference on management, tourism and technology, 2021. (in persian)
Holling,C.S., L.H.,Gunderson.(2002). Resilience and adaptive cycles. In: L H Gunderson and C SHolling (editors). Panarchy: Understanding Transformations in Human and Natural Systems.
Takhshid, M.; and Metin Javaid, M., Mixed research methods in political science, Policy- Journal of Faculty of Law and Political Science, 2019, 40(2), 59-76. (in persian)
Mohammadpour, Ahmad, Research designs with mixed methods: paradigmatic principles and technical methods, Iranian Journal of Social Studies, 2019, 4(2), pp. 25-36. (in persian)
Abbasi, Qamar, Mousavi, Seyed Yaqoub, Ghasemi, Iraj, Ahdanjad Roshti, Mohsen. Analysis of the sustainability of regeneration of the central fabric of the city, a case study: the central fabric of the city of Zanjan. Stable City Quarterly, 2019; 3(2): 1. (in persian)
Fani, Zohreh, Shirzadi, Farzaneh, Analysis of factors affecting the regeneration of historical spaces of the city (case study: Mashakh Square, Tehran). Human settlement planning studies, 2017, 13(1), 179-197. (in persian)
Behtash, Farzad. Mohammad Reza, Kinjad. Mohammad Ali, Pirbabai, Mohammad Taghi. Asgari, Ali,. Evaluation and analysis of dimensions and resilience components of Tabriz metropolis", Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning. 2013, No. 3, pp. 42-33. (in persian)
Sayahnia, Romina and Abbaszadeh, Sara. Concepts of resilience in urban environment (Karaj city), 15th National Conference on Environmental Impact Assessment of Iran, Tehran. 2016. 690-697. (in persian)
Shokohi Manesh, Mohammad, Yazdani, Mohammad Reza, Jafari, Sakineh. Compilation of the security model in the development of ecotourism, scientific-promotional quarterly of military sciences and techniques. 2016. Volume 13, Number 40. (in persian)
Hosseini-Yeganeh, Pegah, Lotfi, Haider, Emdadi, Saeb, Investigating the environmental effects of ecotourism and presenting a model of sustainable ecotourism, the third national conference on environment, energy and biodefense.2015. (in persian)
_||_
Taqvai, M;Pir Moradian, Z;Safarabadi, A. Feasibility of ecotourism development in Saman Chaharmahal Bakhtiari district, Geographical Space Scientific and Research Quarterly, 2011, Year 12, Number 40, pp.150-165.(in persian)
Zahedi, S., Basics of Sustainable Tourism and Ecotourism (Batkieh on the Environment), Allameh Tabatabai University Publications, 2010, first edition, pp.1-232. (in persian)
Imani, M.;Yousefi, F;Moradi, A;Abbasi, M.;Barzkar, M., Experimental zoning using ANP and AHP models for the development of tourism, a case study: Ashnoye city, Sepehr Geographical Information Scientific-Research Quarterly, 2016, 26(102), pp.19-34. (in persian)
Trigo, Ana, and Paula Silva. "Sustainable Development Directions for Wine Tourism in Douro Wine Region, Portugal" Sustainability, 2022, 14, no. 7: 3949.
Destek, M.A., Aydın, S. An empirical note on tourism and sustainable development nexus. Environ Sci Pollut Res, 2022, 29, 34515–34527.
Dabiri, Farhad, Khaltabari, Yalda, Zarei, Sahar.Achieving sustainable development from the perspective of international environmental law.Man and Environment, 2017, 16(1), 63-73. (in persian)
Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, Lynda-Ann Blanchard & Yoko Urbain, Peace through tourism: Critical reflections on the intersections between peace, justice, sustainable development and tourism,Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2022, 30:2-3,335-351.
Shodiyev, K. Scientific and Practical Aspects of Sustainable Development of Tourism in an Innovative Economy. Miasto Przyszłości, 2022, 24, 307–311.
Fazli, M.;Jafarsalehi, S., gap in attitude, knowledge and environmental behavior of tourists, scientific and research quarterly of tourism management studies, 2013, number 22, pp.142-168. (in persian)
Prior, P;Faradi, S.; Yavari, A.R.;Salehi, A;Herati, P., Development of ecological sustainability strategies to increase the resilience of the urban environment, Journal of Environment, 2013, Year 39, Number 1, pp. 123-132. (in persian)
Prashar, S., Shaw, R., & Takeuchi, Y. Assessing the resilience of Delhi to climate-related disasters: a comprehensive approach. Natural Hazards, 2012, 64(2), pp.1609-1624.
Arjamandi, Reza; Saub, Keyvan Jozi, Seyed Ali; Rezaei, Shima, Compilation of ecotourism development strategy in Alamut region by SWOT method, Sustainability, Development and Environment Quarterly, 2014, Volume 2, Number 2, pp. 15-31. (in persian)
Moulai Hashtjin, N; Rajabi Kalvani, P., Recognizing the environmental capabilities of Shaft city tourism for the development of ecotourism, Natural Geography Quarterly, 2019, Year 4, Number 14, pp. 1-12. (in persian)
Rezaei Souq, S., Tourism Development with an Environmental Sustainability Approach, First International Congress of Target Architecture, 2015, pp. 295-317. (in persian)
Handi, H., and Iqbali, N., and Sarwar, R., and Pishgahi Fard, Z. Assessment of environmental resilience at the level of neighborhoods in Chahardeh district of Tehran. Amais Mohit, 2019, 13(48), 1-19. (in persian)
Sayahnia, R. and Abbaszadeh, S., Resilience Concepts in Urban Environment (Karaj City), 15th National Conference on Environmental Impact Assessment of Iran, Tehran, 2016, 690-690. (in persian)
Hosseini Yaganeh, P., Lotfi, H., Emdadi, S., Examining the environmental effects of ecotourism and presenting a model of sustainable ecotourism, the third national conference on environment, energy and biodefense, Tehran, 2014, 588-599. (in persian)
Mortazavi, S. and Tabibian, M., Examining and explaining solutions for the environmental resilience of cities with an emphasis on the metropolises of Iran, 7th International Comprehensive Crisis Management Conference, Tehran, 2015, 1449-1459. (in persian)
Yun, C. EuiOh, C. & Chon, J. applying the resilience principles for sustainable ecotourism development: A case study of the Nakdong Estuary, South Korea. Tourism Management, 2021, 83, pp.142-151.
Connolly, C. From resilience to multi-species flourishing: (Re) imagining urban-environmental governance in Penang, Malaysia, Urban Studies, 2019, 57, pp.411-422.
Temblay, d. Desert tourism, scoping study desert knowledge. 2015, pp.1-189.
Higham, J., Critical Issues in Ecotourism. Routledge Published, London, 2015, 1-91.
Khodapanah, Kiyomarth, legal challenges of foreign tourists in Iran, the third international conference on management, tourism and technology, 2021. (in persian)
Holling,C.S., L.H.,Gunderson.(2002). Resilience and adaptive cycles. In: L H Gunderson and C SHolling (editors). Panarchy: Understanding Transformations in Human and Natural Systems.
Takhshid, M.; and Metin Javaid, M., Mixed research methods in political science, Policy- Journal of Faculty of Law and Political Science, 2019, 40(2), 59-76. (in persian)
Mohammadpour, Ahmad, Research designs with mixed methods: paradigmatic principles and technical methods, Iranian Journal of Social Studies, 2019, 4(2), pp. 25-36. (in persian)
Abbasi, Qamar, Mousavi, Seyed Yaqoub, Ghasemi, Iraj, Ahdanjad Roshti, Mohsen. Analysis of the sustainability of regeneration of the central fabric of the city, a case study: the central fabric of the city of Zanjan. Stable City Quarterly, 2019; 3(2): 1. (in persian)
Fani, Zohreh, Shirzadi, Farzaneh, Analysis of factors affecting the regeneration of historical spaces of the city (case study: Mashakh Square, Tehran). Human settlement planning studies, 2017, 13(1), 179-197. (in persian)
Behtash, Farzad. Mohammad Reza, Kinjad. Mohammad Ali, Pirbabai, Mohammad Taghi. Asgari, Ali,. Evaluation and analysis of dimensions and resilience components of Tabriz metropolis", Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning. 2013, No. 3, pp. 42-33. (in persian)
Sayahnia, Romina and Abbaszadeh, Sara. Concepts of resilience in urban environment (Karaj city), 15th National Conference on Environmental Impact Assessment of Iran, Tehran. 2016. 690-697. (in persian)
Shokohi Manesh, Mohammad, Yazdani, Mohammad Reza, Jafari, Sakineh. Compilation of the security model in the development of ecotourism, scientific-promotional quarterly of military sciences and techniques. 2016. Volume 13, Number 40. (in persian)
Hosseini-Yeganeh, Pegah, Lotfi, Haider, Emdadi, Saeb, Investigating the environmental effects of ecotourism and presenting a model of sustainable ecotourism, the third national conference on environment, energy and biodefense.2015. (in persian)