عوامل اجتماعی و فردی مؤثر بر نگرش روستاییان شهرستان مریوان در خصوص محیط‌زیست

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست

هیمن یزدانی ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی دانشگاه زنجان)
علی شمس ² (دانشیار گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی دانشگاه زنجان)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/05/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/05/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/07/01

کلید واژه: مریوان, توسعه پایدار روستایی, محیط‌زیست, نگرش, سرمایه اجتماعی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: انسان در طول تاریخ، همواره در محیط زیست تصرف کرده و آن را مطابق نیاز خود تغییر داده است. حفظ محیط زیست یک تلاش ملی است که نیازمند مشارکت همه مردم می باشد. بسیاری بر این باورند که مشکلات محیط زیستی در باورهای اجتماع در این خصوص ریشه دارد. روش بررسی: تحقیق توصیفی پیمایشی حاضر باهدف سنجش تأثیر عوامل فردی و اجتماعی بر نگرش خانوارهای روستایی در خصوص محیط‌زیست صورت گرفت. جامعه آماری تحقیق، کلیه خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان مریوان بودند (11228N= ) که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه‌ای برابر با 250 نفر محاسبه و از طریق روش نمونه‌گیری چندمرحله‌ای تصادفی انتخاب و موردمطالعه واقع شدند. سرمایه اجتماعی، نگرش و دانش محیط زیستی از طریق شاخص سازی ترکیبی سنجیده شدند و از تحلیل رگرسیون خطی چندگانه برای تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که اکثریت روستاییان (8/90 درصد) دارای نگرشی مساعد و مثبت در خصوص محیط زیست هستند. دانش 2/85 درصد از پاسخگویان در خصوص محیط زیست در سطح زیاد بود. سرمایه اجتماعی از دید اکثریت روستاییان در سطح متوسطی وجود داشت. تحلیل رگرسیونی نیز نشان داد که چهار متغیر دانش، مشارکت اجتماعی، اعتماد اجتماعی و استفاده از منابع اطلاعاتی 41 درصد نگرش رستاییان در خصوص محیط زیست را تبیین می‌کنند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نگرش افراد یکی از مباحث پایداری و حفاظت از محیط زیست است. با توجه به مساعد بودن نگرش روستاییان و بالا بودن دانش آنها پیشنهاد می گردد که مسئولان نشست های عمومی را با حضور فعال تر روستاییان برگزار کنند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Throughout history, humans have always taken the environment has changed and it meets your needs. Environmental protection a national effort that requires the participation of all people. Many believe that environmental problems are rooted in social beliefs about the environment. Method: This descriptive -correlational research was conducted to investigate Effective factors on environment attitude of rural people in Marivan Township. The statistical population consisted all rural households in Marivan Township (N=11228) which using Cochran sampling formula and by using randomized multi-stage sampling method 250 of them were selected and studied. Social capital, attitude and knowledge toward environment were measured by a composite index in Likert-scale type. The validity of research tool was verified by the opinion of some experts in the related field and by conducting a pilot study and calculating alpha Cronbach coefficient higher than 0.7 its’ reliability were obtained.  Statistical analysis methods consisted correlational coefficients and regression analysis.  Results: Analysis showed that majority of respondents (90.7 percent) had positive favorable attitude toward environment.  The majority of respondents (85.2 percent) had high level of environment knowledge. Multiple regressions analysis showed that four variables named as Knowledge, social participation, social trust and the extent of information using related with environment were explained 41 percent of rural people attitude toward environment. Conclusion: Their attitude is one of the topics of sustainability and environmental protection. Due to the favorable attitude of the villagers and their high knowledge is suggested that meetings of public officials with more active participation of the villagers holding. 

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