بررسی آگاهی شهروندان شهرستان زنجان از چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی و راهکارهای نهادینه‌سازی رفتارهای صحیح زیست‌محیطی

محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست

پریسا نجفلو ¹ , جعفر یعقوبی ²

1 - دکتری رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/08/23 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/12/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/01/01

کلید واژه: محیط‌زیست, چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی, نهادینه‌سازی, اخلاق زیست‌محیطی, رفتار, آگاهی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این پژوهش بررسی وضعیت آگاهی شهروندان شهرستان زنجان با چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی و تحلیل راهکارهای نهادینه‌سازی رفتارهای صحیح زیست‌محیطی بود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق توصیفی- همبستگی را کارشناسان شاغل در اداره کل محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان تشکیل دادند (130N=). حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران برآورد گردید (60= n) و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی تحقیق پرسش نامه بود که روایی آن از طریق نظرات اعضای هیأت‌علمی تأیید شد. پایایی پرسش نامه از طریق آزمون راهنما و محاسبه ضریب آلفای‌ کرونباخ 78/0 تا 81/0 تعیین شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 20 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که ازنظر کارشناسان بیش ترین میزان آشنایی شهروندان به ترتیب با چالش‌های آلودگی هوا، آلودگی حاصل از استفاده از خودرو‌های فرسوده و وسایل و ظروف غیرقابل بازیافت در طبیعت بود و کم ترین آگاهی در زمینه اهمیت حفظ لایه اوزون، کاهش آب‌های زیرزمینی و وضعیت میزان فرسایش خاک در ایران و تأثیرات آن داشتند. همچنین میزان آگاهی کلی شهروندان در سطح نزدیک به کم است و حدود 7/51 درصد از پاسخ گویان سطح آگاهی شهروندان را نسبت به چالش‌های محیط زیست خیلی ضعیف بیان کردند. با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تحلیل راهکارهای نهادینه‌سازی رفتارهای صحیح زیست‌محیطی در هفت عامل آموزش طبقات مختلف جامعه، توسعه‌سازمانی و بهبود سیاست‌گذاری‌ها، قانون‌گذاری معقول و تبلیغات، توانمندسازی کارکنان سازمان‌های مربوطه، عوامل انگیزشی، راهبردهای جدید فرهنگ‌سازی و مشارکت‌های نهادهای مرتبط خلاصه شدند. این هفت عامل درمجموع توانستند 14/74 درصد از واریانس کل متغیرها را تبیین کنند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was analyzing citizen's awareness of environmental challenges and strategies for institutionalization of environmental correct behaviors in Zanjan city.The population of this descriptive – correlation studyconsists of experts who work in the Departments of Environment and Natural Resources in Zanjan (N= 130). The volume of sample size was estimated using Cochran's formula (n=60). Samples were selected using stratified random sampling method. The questionnaire used for collecting data. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by the comments of academic members. The reliability was determined by pilot test and calculating Cronbach alpha coefficient (0.78-0.81). Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software. The descriptive results of the study showed that the most citizens' awareness of environmental challenges are: Air pollution, pollution from the use of old cars and containers cannot be recycled. Lowest citizens' awareness of environmental challenges are: The importance of protecting the ozone layer, the reduction of groundwater and soil erosion and its influence. Also the overall awareness of citizens in the near-low and 51.7 percent of respondents stated that citizens' awareness of the environmental challenges is too weak. Using exploratory factor analysis strategies for institutionalization of environmental true behaviors were summarized into seven factors including: education in all of parts of society, organizational development and improvement of policy, empowering employees the relevant organizations, motivation, new strategies, culture and contributions related institutions. These factors explained 74.14% of strategies for institutionalization of environmental correct behavior.  

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