مروری بر ادبیات نظری و شناسایی عوامل و معیارهای مؤثر بر رقابت‌پذیری شهری با رویکرد فراتحلیل
محورهای موضوعی : جغرافیای شهری
غلامرضا مرادی
1
,
مهسا دهقانیان
2
,
الهام کاظمی نژاد
3
1 - استادیار گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشگاه سلمان فارسی، کازرون، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
3 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ايران
کلید واژه: رقابت‌پذیری, رویکرد فراتحلیل, الگوی هفت مرحله‌ای سندلوسکی و باروس,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با گسترش شهرنشینی و افزایش جمعیت شهرها مفهوم جدید تولید ناخالص منطقه‌ای رایج شده است. هدف این پژوهش، پس از آشکارسازی مفهوم رقابت‌پذیری شهری به شناسایی رویکردها و عوامل و معیارهای مؤثر رقابت‌پذیری شهری در ایران با استفاده از روش فراتحلیل پرداخته است. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی، به لحاظ هدف؛ کاربردی و در ارتباط با روش گردآوری اطلاعات، روش‌های آن کتابخانه‌ای است. فرآیند ارزیابی و انتخاب در این پژوهش شامل 4 مرحله بررسی عنوان، بررسی محتوای مقالات، بررسی روش و بررسی نتایج پژوهش است که در این پژوهش از الگوی 7 مرحله‌ای فراتحلیل سندلوسکی و باروس استفاده شده است. این مقاله از نوع مقاله مروری نظام‌مند است .(Systemaric Review) رویکرد پژوهش حاضر تحلیل محتوا بوده و با جمع‌آوری اطلاعات موردنیاز و بررسی عناوین، محتوا، روش و نتایج، تعداد 18 مقاله انتخاب و معیارهای اساسی این مقالات استخراج شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در رقابت‌پذیری شهری، بیشترین تأثیرگذاری را عامل اقتصادی دارد و شهرها باید این عامل را در راستای افزایش رقابت‌پذیری تقویت کنند که در این راستا می‌توان به تقویت پیوندهای اقتصادی درون و برون شهرها، ارتقا و استفاده از مزیت‌های بین شهرها، ارتقا کیفیت بازار کار و ... اشاره کرد یا در راستای عوامل اجتماعی در سطح منطقه می‌توان به ارتقا تبادل فضایی، ارتقا سطح سرمایه انسانی اشاره کرد.
Introduction: Nowadays, the new concept of GDP of common regions, the purpose of this study is to reveal the concept of urban competitiveness and identify approaches and factors and effective criteria of urban competitiveness in Iran using meta-analysis method. In recent years, the concept of competitiveness has become a common term in urban, regional and national economic analyzes and policies. Globalization and economy based on information knowledge, by removing the border between countries, has gradually reduced the geographical position of territorial competitions from national to regional scale.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive-analytical research, in terms of purpose; It is functional and. In this study, a 7-stage model of Sandlowski and Barros meta-analysis was used and the approach of the present study was content analysis. By collecting the required information and reviewing the titles, content, method and results, 18 articles were selected and the basic criteria of these articles were extracted. Meta-analysis is a type of qualitative study that examines the information and findings extracted from other qualitative studies with a related and similar topic. As a result, the target sample for meta-analysis consists of selected qualitative studies based on their relationship with the research question. Meta-analysis, integrated review of qualitative literature is not the target.
Results and Discussion: The results show that in all competitiveness, the economic factor has the greatest impact and cities, regions and the whole world should strengthen this factor in order to increase competitiveness, which in this regard can be strengthened economic ties inside and outside cities and Regions, promotion and use of inter-regional and urban advantages, improving the quality of the labor market, etc. or in line with social factors in the region, we can mention the promotion of spatial exchange, improving the level of human capital.
Conclusion: Based on the results categorized above, the economic factor has been the most discussed factor in all urban competitiveness respectively. The effective factors and criteria of urban competitiveness include economic, social, environmental, tourism, infrastructural, political institutional and quality of life factors. According to the reviewed articles, the economic factor had the greatest impact on urban competitiveness, and after the economic factor, as it was said before, the social factor It has a significant effect on urban competitiveness and the quality of life is the least influencing factor on urban competitiveness.
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