مشکلات رفتاری کودکان 2 تا 6 سال: نقش سبک‌های والدگری و استرس والدینی
محورهای موضوعی : روان کاوی، روان پویشی، روان شناسی شناختی و بهداشت روان
بنت الهدی افشاری نژاد رودسری
1
(دانش‌آموخته سطح سه تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی، جامعه‌الزهراء(س) قم. قم. ایران)
حسین رضائیان بیلُندی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، موسسه آموزشی و پژوهشی امام خمینی (ره) قم. قم. ایران)
سید عباس ساطوریان
3
(دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، موسسه آموزشی و پژوهشی امام خمینی (ره) قم. قم. ایران)
کلید واژه:
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش سبک‌های والدگری و استرس والدینی در پیش بینی مشکلات رفتاری کودکان 2 تا 6 سال انجام شد. روش: طرح پژوهش، توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی بود. بدین منظور 355 نفر (149 دختر و 206 پسر) از کودکان مهدکودک‌های شهر قم به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای انتخاب و مادران آنها به پرسشنامه مشکلات رفتاری کودکان آخنباخ (CBCL)، پرسشنامه سبک‌های والدگری بامریند (PSS) و پرسشنامه استرس والدینی آبیدین(PSI-SF) پاسخ دادند. در تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون همبستگی و تحلیل رگرسیون گام به گام استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد بین سبک والدگری مستبدانه و مؤلفه‌های استرس والدگری مادر با مشکلات رفتاری برونی‌سازی‌شده کودک ارتباط مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین ارتباط مثبت و معنادار سبک والدگری سهل‌گیرانه، والدگری مستبدانه و مؤلفه‌های استرس والدگری مادر با مشکلات رفتاری درونی‌سازی‌شده کودک تأیید شد. رابطه سبک والدگری مقتدرانه با مشکلات رفتاری درونی‌سازی‌شده منفی و معنادار بود. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه گام به گام نشان داد که مولفه ویژگی‌های کودک مشکل‌آفرین از ابعاد استرس والدینی و سبک والدگری مستبدانه به خوبی مشکلات رفتاری برونی‌سازی‌شده کودکان را پیش بینی می‌کنند. همچنین مولفه های ویژگی‌های کودک مشکل‌آفرین و آشفتگی والدینی از ابعاد استرس والدینی به علاوه سبک والدگری مستبدانه نیز از مهم ترین پیش بینی کننده های مشکلات رفتاری درونی‌سازی‌شده کودکان بودند. این یافته‌ها نقش مهم سبک های والدگری و استرس والدینی را در شکل گیری مشکلات رفتاری کودکان نشان می دهد. نتیجه‌گیری: بنابراین تدوین و طراحی برنامه های پیشگیرانه و آموزشی با در نظر گرفتن این متغیرها جهت کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان ضروری به نظر می رسد.
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