تأثیر آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر تاب‌آوری و راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان زنان باردار
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
عطیه جعفری شالکوهی
1
(کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت، رشت، ایران.)
سامره اسدی مجره
2
(استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت، رشت، ایران.)
بهمن اکبری
3
(دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رشت، رشت، ایران.)
کلید واژه: بارداری, تنظیم هیجان, تاب‌آوری, ذهن‌آگاهی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش، تعیین اثربخشی آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر تاب‌آوری و راهبردهای شناختی تنظیم هیجان زنان باردار بود. روش پژوهش، نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. 30 نفر از زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشت شهر رشت در پاییز 1395 به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه آزمایشی و کنترل (هر گروه 15 نفر) به‌صورت تصادفی گمارده شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، اعضای هر دو گروه با فاصله زمانی 2 ماه به مقیاس تاب‌آوری (Connor & Davidson, 2003) و مقیاس راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان (Garnefsky et al, 2001) پاسخ دادند. برنامۀ 8 جلسه‌ای درمان ذهن‌آگاهی در مورد گروه آزمایش انجام شد و گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها پس از جمع‌آوری با استفاده از آزمون آماری تحلیل کوواریانس بررسی شدند. نتایج حاکی از تأثیر معنادار آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر تاب‌آوری و راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان زنان باردار بود (01/0>P) و میزان تاب‌آوری و استفاده از راهبردهای سازش‌یافته در گروه آزمایش نسبت به گروه کنترل افزایش یافت (01/0>P). بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی به شیوۀ گروهی بر تاب‌آوری و راهبردهای تنظیم هیجان زنان باردار مؤثر است.
The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on resiliency andcognitive emotion regulation strategies in pregnant women. The research method is semi-experimental and the pretest- posttest design with control group was used. 30 pregnant women referring to the health centers of Rasht city in autumn 2016, were selected using available sampling were assigned using random sampling method in two experimental and control groups (each 15 patients). The survey on Connor and Davidson Resiliency Scale (2003) and Garnefsky et al (1999) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale was conducted for both groups separated by two months interval. Next, eight-session mindfulness group therapy was conducted for the experimental group. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data were examined with statistical test of analysis of covariance. Findings of the study showed significant effects of mindfulness therapy on resiliency and emotion regulation strategies in pregnant women (P<0/01), and level of resilience and the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies in the experimental group increased compared to the control group (P<0/01).Mindfulness group therapy is effective on resilience and emotion regulation strategies in pregnant women.
Abbasi, M., Dargahi, S., Mehrabi, A., Ghasemi Jobaneh, R., Dargahi, A. (2017). Role of Meta Emotion and Resiliency in Psychological the Well-being of Infertile Women of Gonabad City in 2012- 2013. Community Health Journal, 8(1), 9-17. [Persian]
Afkari Shahrestani, Z., Keshavarz, A., Dorostkar, M., Tabrizi, F., Khazayi, F. (2017). The relationship between mindfulness and well-being with marital satisfaction. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies and Educational Sciences, 2(15), 43-51. [Persian]
Ahmadvand, Z., Heidarinasab, L., Shoeiri, M. (2013). Prediction of Psychological Well –Being Based on the Comonents of Mindfulness. Quartiery journal of health psychology, 1(2), 60-69. [Persian]
American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Asadi Majareh, S., Sepehrian Azar, F. (2018). Evaluating the role of anxiety model in pain perception in chronic pain Patients with Generalized anxiety syndrome. JAP, 8 (4), 1-14. [Persian]
Asghari, F., Ghasemi Jobaneh, R., Hoseini Sedigh, M., Jamei, M. (2016). Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Emotion Regulation and Quality of Life of Addict’s Wife. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 7(26), 115-132. [Persian]
Bester, E., Naidoo, P., & Botha, A. (2016). The role of mindfulnwess in the relationship between life satisfaction and spiritual wellbeing among the eldery. Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, 51(2), 244-265.
Cisler, J. M., & Olatunji, B. O. (2012). Emotion regulation and anxiety disorders. Curr Psychiatr Rep, 14(3), 182-7.
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale:the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety, 18, 76-82.
Danialzadeh, P. (2016). Investigating the role of cognitive emotion regulation, parenting style and classroom psychosocial climate in predicting students' academic procrastination. Master Thesis, kharazmi University, Research Institute of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. [Persian]
Dhillon, A., Sparkes, E., & Duarte, R. V. (2017). Mindfulness-Based Interventions During Pregnancy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 8(6), 1421–1437.
Emanuel, A. S., Updegraff, J. A., Kalmbach, A. D., & Ciesla, J. A. (2010). The role of mindfulness facets in affective forecasting. Personal & Individ differ, 49, 815-818.
Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological resilience: A review and critique of definitions, concepts, and theory. European Psychol, 18(1), 12-15.
Galante, J., Dufour, G., Vainre, M., Wagner, A.P., Stochl, J., et al… (2018).a mindfulness-based intervention to increase resilience to stress in university students (the Mindful Student Study): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Lancet Public Health,3, 72-81.
Garland, E., Gaylord, S., & Park, J. (2009). The role of mindfulness in positive reappraisal. Explore, 5, 37-44.
Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and depression. Personalityand Individual Differences, 30,1311–1327.
Garnefski, N., Van den Kommer, T., Kraaij, V., Teerds J, Legerstee J., & Onstein, E. (2002). The relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotional problems. European Journal of Personality, 16(5), 403-420.
Ghasemi Jobeneh, R. (2015). The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing the marital burnout of women with addicted spouses. Master Thesis in Family Counseling, Kharazmi University. [Persian]
Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2010). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder.Emot, 10(1), 83-91.
Gross, J. J. (2013). The Extended Process Model of Emotion Regulation: Elaborations, Applications, and Future Directions. Psychol Inq, 26, 130–137.
Hasani, J. (2010). The Psychometric Properties of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2(3), 73-84. [Persian]
Heidarian, A., Zahrakar, K., Mohsenzade, F. (2016). The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Reducing Rumination and Enhancing Resilience in Female Patients with Breast Cancer: a Randomized Trial, Iranian Quarterly Journal of Breast Diseases,9 (2), 52-59. [Persian]
Janssen, M., Heerkens, Y., Kuijer, W., van der Heijden, B., & Engels, J. (2018). Effects of Mindfulness- Based Stress Reduction on employees' mental health: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 13(1), 1-37.
Keng, S. L., Moria, J., Smoski, B., Clive, J., & Robins, A. (2011). Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies. Clin Psychol Rev, 31(6), 1041–105.
Khodabakhshi Koolaee, A., Heidari, S., Khoshkonesh, A., Heidari, M. (2013). Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Resilience to Stress in Preference of Delivery Method in Pregnant Women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, 16(58), 8-15.. [Persian]
Kols, N., Sauer, S., & Walach, H. (2009). Facet of mindfulness – Results of an online study investigating the Freiburg mindfulness inventory. Personal & Individ differ, 46, 224-230.
Kurd, B. (2016). Prediction of Nursing Students’ Subjective Well-being based on Mindfulness and Self-compassion. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 16, 273-282. [Persian]
Mahmoud Alilou, M., Ghasempour, A., Azimi, Z., Akbari, E., Fahimi, S. (2012). Role of emoion regulation strategies in prediction of borderline personality disorder symptoms. Thought & Behavior in Clinical Psychology, 6(24), 9-18. [Persian]
Masumian, S., Shairi, M. R., Hashemi, M. (2013). The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Quality of Life of the Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. JAP, 4 (3):25-37. [Persian]
Meiklejohn, J., Phillips, C., Freedman, M. L., Griffin, M. L., Biegel, G., et al…. (2013). Integrating Mindfulness Training into K-12 Education: Fostering the Resilience of Teachers and Students. Mindfulness, 3(4), 1-19.
Mirbolok Bozorgi, A., Asadi Majareh, S., Abedini, M., Avarideh, S. (2020). Evaluating Communication Model of Mindfulness with Happiness According to the Role of Self-Compassion, Self-Esteem and Emotion Regulation in Student. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 14(56), 271-292. [Persian]
Nyklicek, I., van Son, J., Victor, J., Denollet, J., & Pouwer, F. (2016). Does Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy benefit all people with diabetes and comorbid emotional complaints equally? Moderators in the DiaMind trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Research: 91, 40-47.
Rees, C., Craigie, M., Slatyer, S., Heritage, B., Harvey, C., Brough, P., & Hegney, D. (2018). Mindful Self-Care and Resiliency (MSCR): protocol for a pilot trial of a brief mindfulness intervention to promote occupational resilience in rural general practitioners. BMJ Open. 8(6), 21-27.
Rezayi Tanha, sh. (2015). The effectiveness of mindfulness training in increasing emotion regulation and reducing perceived stress in pregnant women. Master Thesis in Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch.. [Persian]
Salmela-Aro, K., Read, S., Rouhe, H., Halmesmaki, E., Toivanen. R.M., & Tokola, M. (2011). Promoting positive motherhood among nulliparous pregnant women with an intense fear of women with intense fear of childbirth: RCT intervention. J Health Psychol, 17(4), 520-34.
Samiei, sh. (2015). Comparison of psychological resilience and parenting styles in female-headed households and normal women. Master Thesis in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Branch. [Persian]
Sarbandi Farahani, M., Mohamadkhani, Sh., Moradi, A. (2014).Effect of mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting program education on pregnancy anxiety and marital satisfaction in pregnant women. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 8(4), 375-381. [Persian]
Sedghi, M.A. Cheraghi, A. (2019). The Effectiveness of the Mindfulness Training on Psychological Well-Being and Resiliency of Female-Headed Household. Journal of Family Research, 14(4), 549-562. [Persian]
Siegel, R. D. (2010). The mindfulness Solution (every day practices for everyday problems. New York:Guilford.
Spijkerman, M., Pots, W., & Bohlmeijer, E. (2016). Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health: A review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Psychol Rev, 45, 102-114.
Van Son, J., Nyklicek, I., Pop, V., & Pouwer, F. (2011). Testing the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention to reduce emotional distress in outpatients with diabetes (DiaMind): design of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 11(131), 1- 11.
Vaziri, F. (2013). The effect of mindfulness on reducing pregnancy anxiety in pregnant women in Ahvaz city. Master Thesis in Psychology, Al-Zahra University. [Persian]
Verreault, N., DaCosta, D., Marchand, A., Ireland, K., Dritas, M., & Khalife, S. (2014). Rates and risk factors associated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy and with postpartumonset. Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, 35, 84- 91.
Vieten, C., Laraia, B. A., Kristeller, J., Adler, N., Coleman- Phox, K., et al... (2018). The mindful moms training: development of a mindfulness-based intervention to reduce stress and overeating during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 18(201), 1-14.
Zemestani, M., & Fazeli Nikoo, Z. (2019). Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on decrease of symptoms of depression, rumination and emotion regulation in pregnant women. Quarterly of Applied Psychology, 13(1), 119-139. [Persian]
_||_